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אָנֹכִי ה' אֱלֹקֶיךָ אֲשֶׁר הוֹצֵאתִיךָ מֵאֶרֶץ

Anochi: All Is for Your Good

To know that everything that happens to you is for your good is a taste of the World to Come. It depends on raising holy kingship from exile through confession in words before a Torah scholar, which draws out the bad letters our sins engrave on the bones; the scholar's humility, like Moshe's, gives him the power to atone. Seeing the tzaddik, charity and confession save the traveller on a dark road, and through them a person runs to the Infinite and returns knowing that Hashem is Elokim.

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Full shiur 44 min 48 s · 75.3 MB

Watch or download in 8 parts
  1. Part 1: Everything Is for Your Good 5 min 23 s▶ Play⬇ 8.9 MB
  2. Part 2: Letters Engraved on the Bones 5 min 10 s▶ Play⬇ 8.6 MB
  3. Part 3: Fire, Humility and Atonement 6 min 31 s▶ Play⬇ 10.9 MB
  4. Part 4: Lost on the Road at Night 6 min 9 s▶ Play⬇ 10.3 MB
  5. Part 5: The Will of All Wills 4 min 39 s▶ Play⬇ 8.0 MB
  6. Part 6: Running and Returning 4 min 38 s▶ Play⬇ 7.8 MB
  7. Part 7: Rabbah bar bar Chanah's Great Fish 5 min 35 s▶ Play⬇ 9.6 MB
  8. Part 8: One Eye of Mercy 6 min 44 s▶ Play⬇ 11.3 MB
הַמָּקוֹר · Original text 3,041 words
א׳

לְשׁוֹן רַבֵּנוּ זִכְרוֹנוֹ לִבְרָכָה אָנֹכִי ה' אֱלֹקֶיךָ אֲשֶׁר הוֹצֵאתִיךָ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם מִבֵּית עֲבָדִים: (שמות כ)

א כְּשֶׁאָדָם יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁכָּל מְאֹרְעוֹתָיו הֵם לְטוֹבָתוֹ, זֹאת הַבְּחִינָה הִיא מֵעֵין עוֹלָם הַבָּא, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (תהילים נ״ו:י״א-י״ב): בַּה' אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר, בֵּאלֹקִים אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר;

וְזֹאת הַבְּחִינָה הִיא מֵעֵין עוֹלָם הַבָּא, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (פסחים נ.): בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא יִהְיֶה ה' אֶחָד וְכוּ'. וְהִקְשׁוּ: וְכִי הָאִידְנָא לָאו הוּא אֶחָד. וְתֵרְצוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: הָאִידְנָא מְבָרְכִין עַל הַטּוֹבָה הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב, וְעַל הָרָעָה – דַּיָּן אֱמֶת; וּלֶעָתִיד – כֻּלּוֹ הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב, שֶׁיִּהְיֶה שֵׁם ה' וְשֵׁם אֱלֹקִים אַחְדוּת אֶחָד:

ב׳

ב וְזֹאת הַבְּחִינָה אִי אֶפְשָׁר לְהַשִּׂיג אֶלָּא כְּשֶׁמַּעֲלֶה בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת דִּקְדֻשָּׁה מֵהַגָּלוּת מִבֵּין הָעֲכּוּ"ם, כִּי עַכְשָׁו הַמַּלְכוּת וְהַמֶּמְשָׁלָה לְהָעֲכּוּ"ם, וּבִשְׁבִיל זֶה נִקְרָאִים עֲבוֹדַת אֱלִילִים שֶׁלָּהֶם בְּשֵׁם אֱלֹקִים, כִּי יוֹנְקִים מִבְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, הַנִּקְרָא אֱלֹקִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (תהילים ע״ד:י״ב): אֱלֹקִים מַלְכִּי מִקֶּדֶם; וּכְשֶׁמַּעֲלִין בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת מִבֵּין הָעַכּוּ"ם, אֲזַי נִתְקַיֵּם: כִּי מֶלֶךְ כָּל הָאָרֶץ אֱלֹקִים (שם מז):

ג׳

ג וְאִי אֶפְשָׁר לְהָשִׁיב הַמְלוּכָה לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא אֶלָּא עַל יְדֵי וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים לִפְנֵי תַּלְמִיד חָכָם, עַל יְדֵי זֶה מְתַקֵּן וּמַעֲלֶה בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת לְשָׁרְשָׁהּ.

וְזֶהוּ פֵּרוּשׁ (הושע י״ד:ג׳): קְחוּ עִמָּכֶם דְּבָרִים – זֶהוּ וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים, זֶה בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, כְּמוֹ דַּבָּר אֶחָד לְדוֹר (סנהדרין ח.). דַּבָּר – לְשׁוֹן מַנְהִיג וּמוֹשֵׁל. וְשׁוּבוּ אֶל ה' – שֶׁיְּתַקְּנוּ וְיַעֲלוּ אֶת הַדְּבָרִים, אֶת בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, בְּחִינַת אֶלֹקִים, אֶל ה', הַיְנוּ כַּנַּ"ל, בַּה' אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר בֵּאלֹקִים אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר, הַיְנוּ שֶׁיֵּדַע שֶׁכָּל מְאֹרְעוֹתָיו כֻּלָּם לְטוֹבָתוֹ וִיבָרֵךְ עַל כָּל הַדְּבָרִים הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב:

ד׳

ד וּכְשֶׁיֵּדַע כָּל זֹאת, נִקְרָא יְדִיעָה שְׁלֵמָה, כִּי עִקַּר הַדַּעַת הוּא אַחְדוּת שֶׁל חַסָדִים וּגְבוּרוֹת, זֶה נִקְרָא דַּעַת, הַיְנוּ שֶׁלֹּא יַחֲלֹק בֵּין חֶסֶד לְדִין, וִיבָרֵךְ עַל כֻּלָּם הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב. וְזֶה נִקְרָא ה' אֶחָד וּשְׁמוֹ אֶחָד, כְּמַאֲמַר חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה, שֶׁלֶּעָתִיד יִהְיֶה אַחְדוּת גָּמוּר, שֶׁיִּהְיֶה כֻּלּוֹ הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב.

וְזֶה: ה' אֶחָד וּשְׁמוֹ זֶה בְּחִינַת אֱלֹקִים מַלְכוּת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (שמואל־ב ח): וַיַּעַשׂ דָּוִד שֵׁם: – אֶחָד גִּימַטְרִיָּא אַהֲבָה,

הַיְנוּ הֵן ה' שֶׁהוּא רַחֲמִים, הֵן שְׁמוֹ שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת אֱלֹקִים, בְּחִינַת דִּין – כֻּלָּהּ לְטוֹבָתְךָ מֵחֲמַת אַהֲבָה שֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא אוֹהֵב אוֹתְךָ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (משלי ג׳:י״ב): אֶת אֲשֶׁר יֶאֱהַב ה' יוֹכִיחַ. וּכְתִיב (עמוס ג׳:ב׳): רַק אֶתְכֶם יָדַעְתִּי מִכֹּל מִשְׁפְּחוֹת הָאֲדָמָה, עַל כֵּן אֶפְקוֹד עֲלֵיכֶם עֲוֹנוֹתֵיכֶם:

ה׳

ה וַעֲוֹנוֹתָיו שֶׁל אָדָם הֵם עַל עַצְמוֹתָיו, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (יחזקאל ל״ב:כ״ז): וַתְּהִי עֲוֹנוֹתָם חֲקוּקָה עַל עַצְמוֹתָם, וְכָל עֲבֵרָה יֵשׁ לָהּ צֵרוּף אוֹתִיּוֹת. וּכְשֶׁעָבַר אֵיזֶה עֲבֵרָה, אֲזַי נֶחְקָק צֵרוּף רַע עַל עַצְמוֹתָיו, וְעַל־יְדֵי־זֶה מַכְנִיס בְּחִינַת הַדִּבּוּר שֶׁל הַלָּאו הַזֶּה שֶׁעָבַר בְּתוֹךְ הַטֻּמְאָה, הַיְנוּ שֶׁמַּכְנִיס בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת דַּבָּר אֶחָד לַדּוֹר, הוּא מַכְנִיס אוֹתָהּ בְּתוֹךְ הָעַכּוּ"ם, וְנוֹתֵן לָהֶם מֶמְשָׁלָה.

לְמָשָׁל, אִם עָבַר עַל דִבּוּר שֶׁל הַלָּאו לֹא יִהְיֶה לְךָ, אֲזַי מַחֲרִיב הַצֵּרוּף הַטּוֹב שֶׁל הַדִּבּוּר וּבוֹנֶה צֵרוּף רַע, וְנֶחְקָק הַצֵּרוּף הַזֶּה עַל עַצְמוֹתָיו וְנוֹקֵם בּוֹ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (ירמיהו ה׳:כ״ה): עֲוֹנוֹתֵיכֶם הִטּוּ אֵלֶּה. וּכְתִיב (תהילים ל״ד:כ״ב): תְּמוֹתֵת רָשָׁע רָעָה.

וְעַל יְדֵי וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים יוֹצֵא מֵעַצְמוֹתָיו הָאוֹתִיּוֹת הַחֲקוּקִים עֲלֵיהֶם, וְנַעֲשֶׂה מֵהֶם הַדִּבּוּר שֶׁל הַוִּדּוּי, כִּי הַדִּבּוּר יוֹצֵא מֵעַצְמוֹתָיו, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (שם לה): כָּל עַצְמֹתַי תֹּאמַרְנָה; וּמַחֲרִיב הַבִּנְיָן וְהַצֵּרוּף הָרָע, וּבוֹנֶה מֵהֶם מַלְכוּת דִּקְדֻשָּׁה.

וְזֶה שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (סוטה ז:): בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁהָלְכוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל בַּמִּדְבָּר, הָיוּ עַצְמוֹתָיו שֶׁל יְהוּדָה מְגֻלְגָּלִין, עַד שֶׁאָמַר מֹשֶׁה: שְׁמַע ה' קוֹל יְהוּדָה – שֶׁבִּקֵּשׁ מֹשֶׁה מֵהַקָּדוֹשׁ־ בָּרוּךְ־הוּא, שֶׁיִּזְכֹּר לִיהוּדָה הַוִּדּוּי שֶׁהִתְוַדָּה, וְכֵן הֲוֵי לֵיה. וְזֶה דַּוְקָא עַצְמוֹתָיו הָיוּ מְגֻלְגָּלִין, עַל שֵׁם וַתְּהִי עֲוֹנוֹתָם חֲקוּקָה עַל עַצְמוֹתָם, וְעַל־יְדֵי הַוִּדּוּי נִתְתַּקְּנוּ, וְעָלוּ כָּל חַד לְדוּכְתֵּה.

וִיהוּדָה זֶה בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת; רֶמֶז, שֶׁבְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת נִתְתַּקֵּן עַל־יְדֵי וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים,

וְזֶה נַעֲשָׂה עַל־יְדֵי מֹשֶׁה, שֶׁזָּכַר מֹשֶׁה הַוִּדּוּי, כִּי כֵן צָרִיךְ, שֶׁיִּהְיֶה הַוִּדּוּי לִפְנֵי תַּלְמִיד חָכָם, וְכָל תַּלְמִיד חָכָם הוּא בְּחִינַת מֹשֶׁה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ: מֹשֶׁה, שַׁפִּיר קָאֲמַרְתְּ. וּבָזֶה שֶׁזָּכַר מֹשֶׁה הַוִּדּוּי, נַעֲשָׂה כְּאִלּוּ הִתְוַדָּה עַכְשָׁו לִפְנֵי מֹשֶׁה, וְעַל־יְדֵי זֶה נִתְתַּקֵּן בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, וְנֶחֱרַב הַצֵּרוּף הָרָע שֶׁנֶּחְקַק עַל עַצְמוֹתָיו:

ו׳

ו וְזֶה בְּחִינַת הַחְזָרַת הַמַּלְכוּת לְשָׁרְשָׁהּ, כִּי שֹׁרֶשׁ הַמַּלְכוּת הוּא אֵשׁ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (סנהדרין קא:): לָמָּה טָעָה נְבָט, שֶׁרָאָה שֶׁיָּצָא אֵשׁ מֵאֲמָתוֹ. וְהַתּוֹרָה נִקְרֵאת אֵשׁ, שֶׁמִּשָּׁם הַמַּלְכוּת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (ירמיהו כ״ג:כ״ט): הֲלוֹא כֹּה דְבָרִי כָּאֵשׁ, וּכְתִיב (משלי ח׳:ט״ו): בִּי מְלָכִים יִמְלֹכוּ. וְעִקַּר הַתּוֹרָה הֵם הַתַּלְמִידֵי חֲכָמִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (מכות כב:): כַּמָּה טִפְּשָׁאֵי דְּקַיְמָא מִקַּמֵּי סֵפֶר־תּוֹרָה, וְלָא קַיְמָא מִקַּמֵּי צוּרְבָא מִדְּרַבָּנָן.

וְזֶהוּ (במדבר ל״א:כ״ג): כָּל דָּבָר אֲשֶׁר יָבֹא בָאֵשׁ, תַּעֲבִירוּ בָאֵשׁ. דָּבָר – זֶה בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, שֶׁנִּמְשָׁךְ בְּתוֹךְ הַטֻּמְאָה, בְּתוֹךְ חֲמִימוּת הַיֵּצֶר, כְּמוֹ (קידושין פא.): נוּרָא בֵּי עַמְרָם; תַּעֲבִירוּ בָאֵשׁ – תִּקּוּנוֹ עַל־יְדֵי אֵשׁ, הַיְנוּ וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים לִפְנֵי תַּלְמִיד חָכָם כַּנַּ"ל.

וְזֶה לְשׁוֹן עֲבֵרָה, שֶׁהַצֵּרוּף שֶׁל עֲבֵרָה עוֹבֵר בְּתוֹךְ עַצְמוֹתָיו, מֵעֵבֶר אֶל עֵבֶר. וּמִצְוָה לְשׁוֹן הִתְחַבְּרוּת – כְּשֶׁעוֹשֶׂה חֲבִילוֹת חֲבִילוֹת שֶׁל מִצְוֹות (מ"ר אחרי פ' כא), אֲזַי נִתְחַבְּרוּ שִׁבְרֵי עַצְמוֹתָיו, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (תהילים ל״ד:כ״א): שׁוֹמֵר כָּל עַצְמוֹתָיו:

ז׳

ז וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ (משלי ט״ז:י״ד): חֲמַת מֶלֶךְ מַלְאֲכֵי מָוֶת, כִּי חֲמָתוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא – בִּשְׁבִיל הַמַּלְכוּת שֶׁהִשְׁפִּיל עַל־יְדֵי עֲווֹנוֹתָיו; וְאִישׁ חָכָם יְכַפְּרֶנָּה, הַיְנוּ בְּחִינַת תַּלְמִיד חָכָם, בְּחִינַת מֹשֶׁה, הוּא יְכַפֵּר לוֹ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (מיכה ז׳:י״ח): וְעֹבֵר עַל פֶּשַׁע לִשְׁאֵרִית – לְמִי שֶׁמֵּשִׂים עַצְמוֹ כְּשִׁירַיִם (ר"ה יז).

נִמְצָא, כְּשֶׁבָּא לִפְנֵי תַּלְמִיד חָכָם וּמוֹצִיא כָּל צֵרוּפָיו לִפְנֵי הַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם, וְהַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם הוּא בְּחִינַת מֹשֶׁה, שֶׁמֵּשִׂים עַצְמוֹ כְּשִׁירַיִם, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (במדבר י״ב:ג׳): וְהָאִישׁ מֹשֶׁה עָנָו מְאֹד; וְעַל־יְדֵי־זֶה נִקְרָא אִישׁ חָכָם, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (איוב כ״ח:י״ב): וְהַחָכְמָה מֵאַיִן תִּמָּצֵא (ע' סוטה כא:). וּבָזֶה יֵשׁ כֹּחַ לַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם לְכַפֵּר, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְאִישׁ חָכָם יְכַפְּרֶנָּה:

וּבִשְׁבִיל זֶה כְּשֶׁהִתְפַּלֵּל מֹשֶׁה עַל חֵטְא הָעֵגֶל, אָמַר (שמות ל״ב:ל״ב): אִם תִּשָּׂא חַטָּאתָם, וְאִם אַיִן מְחֵנִי נָא; כִּי זֶה מִן הַנִּמְנָע, שֶׁלֹּא יָבוֹא לְאָדָם אֵיזֶה גַּדְלוּת, כְּשֶׁשּׁוֹמֵעַ שֶׁמְּסַפְּרִין שִׁבְחוֹ, כָּל שֶׁכֵּן כְּשֶׁמֶּלֶךְ גָּדוֹל מְשַׁבֵּחַ וּמְפָאֵר אֶת הָאָדָם, אֲזַי בְּוַדַּאי מִן הַנִּמְנָע, שֶׁלֹּא יָבוֹא לוֹ אֵיזֶה גַּדְלוּת. אֲבָל צָרִיךְ לָזֶה בִּטּוּל כָּל הַרְגָּשׁוֹתָיו וְחָמְרִיּוֹתָיו, אֲזַי יָכוֹל הָאָדָם לִשְׁמֹעַ שִׁבְחוֹ, וְלֹא יָבוֹא לוֹ שׁוּם גַּדְלוּת, כְּמוֹ מֹשֶׁה רַבֵּנוּ, שֶׁרָאָה כָּתוּב בַּתּוֹרָה: וַיְּדַבֵּר ה' אֶל מֹשֶׁה, וַיֹּאמֶר ה' אֶל מֹשֶׁה; וְיִשְׂרָאֵל קוֹרְאִין בְּכָל יוֹם בַּתּוֹרָה שִׁבְחוֹ שֶׁל מֹשֶׁה, וְהוּא בְּעַצְמוֹ מְסַפֵּר לָהֶם שְׁבָחָיו, וְלֹא הָיָה לְמֹשֶׁה שׁוּם הִתְפָּאֲרוּת וְגַדְלוּת מִזֶּה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְהָאִישׁ מֹשֶׁה עָנָו מְאֹד, וּבְוַדַּאי עַל־יְדֵי עַנְוְתָנוּתוֹ הָיָה כֹּחַ בְּיַד מֹשֶׁה לְכַפֵּר עֲווֹן־הָעֵגֶל, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְאִישׁ חָכָם יְכַפְּרֶנָּה.

וְזֶה שֶׁטָּעַן מֹשֶׁה: וְאִם אַיִן, הַיְנוּ אִם לֹא תִּשָּׂא חַטָּאתָם, בָּזֶה אַתָּה מַרְאֶה, שֶׁאֵין לִי כָּל כָּךְ עֲנִיווּת, שֶׁאוּכַל לְכַפֵּר לָהֶם עֲווֹן הָעֵגֶל, בְּכֵן בַּקָּשָׁתִי: מְחֵנִי נָא, כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא אֶכָּשֵׁל בְּגַדְלוּת, שֶׁאֲנִי רוֹאֶה וְשׁוֹמֵעַ בְּכָל עֵת סִפּוּר שְׁמִי וְשִׁבְחִי בַּתּוֹרָה, כִּי מִי יוּכַל לַעֲמֹד בָּזֶה, שֶׁיִּשְׁמַע סִפּוּר שִׁבְחוֹ וְלֹא יִתְגָּאֶה, אִם לֹא עָנָו גָּדוֹל; וְאִם אֲנִי עָנָו, צָרִיךְ לְךָ שֶׁתִּשָּׂא חֲטָּאתָם, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְעוֹבֵר עַל פֶּשַׁע לִשְׁאֵרִית וְכוּ':

וְזֶה: (דברים ל״ג:ה׳) וַיְהִי בִישֻׁרוּן מֶלֶךְ, הַיְנוּ שֶׁמַּלְכוּת עָלָה לְשָׁרְשָׁהּ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (תהילים ל״ז:י״א): וַעֲנָוִים יִרְשׁוּ אָרֶץ, וְאֶרֶץ הִיא דִּינָא דְּמַלְכוּתָא, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (איוב כ׳:כ״ז): וְאֶרֶץ מִתְקוֹמָמָה לוֹ:

ח׳

ח וְזֶהוּ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (סוטה כא):

מָשָׁל לְאֶחָד, שֶׁהָיָה מְהַלֵּךְ בַּדֶרֶךְ בְּאִישׁוֹן לַיְלָה וַאֲפֵלָה, וּמִתְיָרֵא מִן הַקּוֹצִים וּמִן הַפְּחָתִים וּמֵחַיָּה רָעָה וּמִלִּסְטִים, וְאֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ בְּאֵיזֶה דֶּרֶךְ מְהַלֵּךְ וְכוּ':

כִּי זֶה יָדוּעַ, שֶׁכָּל הַמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת וְתוֹלְדוֹתֵיהֶן נִמְשָׁכִין מֵאַרְבָּעָה יְסוֹדוֹת, מֵאַרְבַּע מָרוֹת, כַּמּוּבָא בְּמִשְׁנַת חֲסִידִים: עַצְבוּת וְתוֹלְדוֹתֵיהֶן נִמְשָׁכִין מִדּוֹמֵם, תַּאֲווֹת רָעוֹת וְתוֹלְדוֹתֵיהֶן נִמְשָׁכִין מִצּוֹמֵחַ, דְּבָרִים בְּטֵלִים וְתוֹלְדוֹתֵיהֶן נִמְשָׁכִין מֵחַי, גַּאֲוָה וְתוֹלְדוֹתֵיהֶן נִמְשָׁכִין מִמְּדַבֵּר;

וּמִי שֶׁרוֹצֶה לֵילֵךְ בְּדֶרֶךְ הַקֹּדֶשׁ, צָרִיךְ לְשַׁבֵּר כָּל הַמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת, וִיסַפֵּר לִפְנֵי הַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם, הַיְנוּ וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים, וְהַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם יְפָרֵשׁ וִיבָרֵר לוֹ דֶּרֶךְ לְפִי שֹׁרֶשׁ נִשְׁמָתוֹ.

וְיֵשׁ שָׁלֹשׁ בְּחִינוֹת בְּהִתְקָרְבוּת לַצַּדִּיקִים, שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי שָׁלֹשׁ בְּחִינוֹת אֵלּוּ נִתְתַּקֵּן הַכֹּל, וְאֵלּוּ הֵם הַשְּׁלשָׁה בְּחִינוֹת:

הַבְּחִינָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, כְּשֶׁרוֹאֶה אֶת הַצַּדִּיק, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (ישעיהו ל׳:כ׳): וְהָיוּ עֵינֶיךָ רוֹאוֹת אֶת מוֹרֶיךָ; וְזֹאת הַבְּחִינָה מְבַטֶּלֶת הַמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת הַנִּמְשָׁכִין מִשְּׁנֵי הַיְּסוֹדוֹת דּוֹמֵם צוֹמֵחַ, הַיְנוּ עַצְבוּת וְתוֹלְדוֹתֶיהָ וְתַאֲווֹת רָעוֹת, כִּי צַדִּיק הַדּוֹר נִקְרָא אֵם, עַל שֵׁם שֶׁהוּא מֵינִיק לְיִשְׂרָאֵל בְּאוֹר תּוֹרָתוֹ, וְהַתּוֹרָה נִקְרֵאת חָלָב, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (שיר השירים ד׳:י״א): דְּבַשׁ וְחָלָב תַּחַת לְשׁוֹנֵךְ. וְזֶה אָנוּ רוֹאִים בְּחוּשׁ, כְּשֶׁהַתִּינוֹק הוּא בְּעַצְבוּת וְעַצְלוּת, כְּשֶׁרוֹאֶה אֶת אִמּוֹ הוּא נִתְעוֹרֵר בִּזְרִיזוּת גָּדוֹל לִקְרַאת אִמּוֹ, הַיְנוּ לְשָׁרְשׁוֹ. גַּם אָנוּ רוֹאִים בְּחוּשׁ, כְּשֶׁהַתִּינוֹק עוֹסֵק בְּדִבְרֵי שְׁטוּת שֶׁלּוֹ, אַף־עַל־פִּי שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ תַּאֲוָה גְּדוֹלָה לָזֶה, אַף־עַל־פִּי כֵן כְּשֶׁרוֹאֶה אֶת אִמּוֹ, הוּא מַשְׁלִיךְ כָּל תַּאֲווֹתָיו אַחַר כְּתֵפָיו וּמוֹשֵׁךְ אֶת עַצְמוֹ לְאִמּוֹ. נִמְצָא, שֶׁנִּתְבַּטְּלִין הַמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת שֶׁל שְׁנֵי הַיְּסוֹדוֹת דּוֹמֵם צוֹמֵחַ עַל יְדֵי הִסְתַּכְּלוּת פְּנֵי הַצַּדִּיק.

וְזֶהוּ: וּמִתְיָרֵא מִן הַקּוֹצִים, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת צוֹמֵחַ; וּפְחָתִים – שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת דּוֹמֵם. וּכְשֶׁנִּזְדַּמֵּן לוֹ אֲבוּקָה שֶׁל אוֹר, זֶה תַּלְמִיד חָכָם, שֶׁהוּא אָבִיק בְּאוֹר הַתּוֹרָה, וְעַל־יָדוֹ נִצּוֹל מִמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת שֶׁל שְׁנֵי יְסוֹדוֹת דּוֹמֵם צוֹמֵחַ, וְאָז נִצּוֹל מִן הַקּוֹצִים וּמִן הַפְּחָתִים:

הַבְּחִינָה הַשְּׁנִיָּה, הַצְּדָקָה שֶׁנּוֹתֵן לְתַלְמִיד חָכָם, שֶׁעַל־ יְדֵי־זֶה נִצּוֹל מִמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת שֶׁל שְׁנֵי יְסוֹדוֹת חַי מְדַבֵּר, שֶׁהֵן בְּחִינַת חַיָּה רָעָה וְלִסְטִים, שֶׁהֵן דְּבָרִים בְּטֵלִים וְגַאֲוָה וְתוֹלְדוֹתֵיהֶן. כִּי עַל־יְדֵי דְּבָרִים בְּטֵלִים וְלָשׁוֹן הָרָע בָּא עֲנִיּוּת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (שמות ד׳:י״ט): כִּי מֵתוּ כָּל הָאֲנָשִׁים, זֶהוּ עֲנִיּוּת. גַּם בְּגַאֲוָה אָמְרוּ (קידושין מט:): סִימָן לְגַסּוּת הָרוּחַ – עֲנִיּוּת. וְעַל־יְדֵי צְדָקָה נִתְעַשֵּׁר, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (גיטין ז:): אִם שְׁלֵמִים וְכֵן רַבִּים וְכֵן נָגוֹזוּ וְעָבַר וְעִנִּיתִיךָ לֹא אֲעַנֵּךְ – שׁוּב אֵין מַרְאִין לוֹ סִימָנֵי עֲנִיּוּת.

וְזֶהוּ: כֵּיוָן שֶׁעָלָה עַמּוּד הַשַּׁחַר נִצּוֹל מֵחַיָּה רָעָה וּמִלִּסְטִים. עַמּוּד הַשַּׁחַר רֶמֶז לִצְדָקָה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (ישעיהו נ״ח:ח׳): כִּי תִרְאֶה עָרֹם וְכִסִּיתוֹ וְכוּ', אָז יִבָּקַע כַּשַּׁחַר אוֹרֶךָ. נִמְצָא, עַל־יְדֵי צְדָקָה נִצּוֹל מִמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת שֶׁל שְׁנֵי יְסוֹדוֹת, חַי מְדַבֵּר, שֶׁהֵם בְּחִינַת חַיָּה רָעָה וְלִסְטִים:

הַבְּחִינָה הַשְּׁלִישִׁית, כְּשֶׁמִּתְוַדֶּה וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים לִפְנֵי תַּלְמִיד חָכָם, שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי־זֶה הַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם מַדְרִיךְ אוֹתוֹ בְּדֶרֶךְ יָשָׁר לְפִי שֹׁרֶשׁ נִשְׁמָתוֹ,

וְזֶה: הִגִּיעַ לְפָרָשַׁת דְּרָכִים, וְאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (סוטה כא): זֶה תַּלְמִיד חָכָם, וְיוֹם הַמִּיתָה, זֶה בְּחִינַת וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים לִפְנֵי תַּלְמִיד חָכָם; יוֹם הַמִּיתָה רֶמֶז עַל וִדּוּי, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (סנהדרין מג:): כָּל הַמּוּמָתִין מִתְוַדִּין. וְזֶה נִקְרָא פָּרָשַׁת־דְּרָכִים, כִּי הַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם מַפְרִישׁ לוֹ דֶּרֶךְ לְפִי שֹׁרֶשׁ נִשְׁמָתוֹ,

אֲזַי נִצּוֹל מִכֻּלָּם. כִּי קֹדֶם שֶׁהִתְוַדָּה, אַף־עַל־פִּי שֶׁהָיָה אֵצֶל הַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם וְנָתַן לוֹ מָמוֹן, עֲדַיִן אֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ בְּאֵיזֶהוּ דֶּרֶךְ הוּא מְהַלֵּךְ, כִּי יֵשׁ דֶּרֶךְ יָשָׁר לִפְנֵי אִישׁ וְאַחֲרִיתָהּ דַּרְכֵי מָוֶת (משלי י״ד:י״ב), אֲבָל כְּשֶׁהִגִּיעַ לְפָרָשַׁת דְּרָכִים, זֶה תַּלְמִיד חָכָם וְיוֹם הַמִּיתָה, הַיְנוּ וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים לִפְנֵי תַּלְמִיד־חָכָם, אֲזַי נִצּוֹל מִכֻּלָּם:

ט׳

ט וְזֶה בְּכָל פַּעַם שֶׁבָּא אֵצֶל תַּלְמִיד חָכָם וּמְסַפֵּר לְפָנָיו כָּל לִבּוֹ, וְהַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם הוּא בְּחִינַת משֶׁה, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת אַיִן, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְהַחָכְמָה מֵאַיִן תִּמָּצֵא; וְעַל יְדֵי זֶה אַתָּה נִכְלָל בָּאֵין סוֹף.

וְזֶה בְּחִינַת: זַרְקָא, דְּאִזְדְּרִיקַת לְאֲתַר דְּאִתְנְטִילַת מִתַּמָּן, שֶׁתַּחֲזִיר אֶת הַמַּלְכוּת לְאֵין סוֹף, שֶׁהוּא רָצוֹן שֶׁבְּכָל הָרְצוֹנוֹת. כִּי הַמַּלְכוּת, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת אוֹתִיּוֹת הַדִּבּוּרִים, כָּל אוֹת וָאוֹת מְלֻבָּשׁ בָּהּ רְצוֹן הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ, שֶׁרְצוֹן הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ הָיָה, שֶׁזֹּאת הָאוֹת יִהְיֶה לָהּ תְּמוּנָה כָּזוֹ, וְאוֹת אַחֶרֶת יִהְיֶה לָהּ תְּמוּנָה אַחֶרֶת. נִמְצָא, שֶׁרְצוֹנוֹת, הַיְנוּ תְּמוּנוֹת אוֹתִיּוֹת, הֵם הִתְגַּלּוּת מַלְכוּתוֹ יִתְבָּרַךְ שְׁמוֹ, וְכָל אֵלּוּ הָרְצוֹנוֹת, הַיְנוּ הַתְּמוּנוֹת, נִמְשָׁכִין מֵרְצוֹן אֵין סוֹף, שֶׁאֵין בּוֹ תְּמוּנָה,

וְכָל הַדְּבָרִים וְהַיֵּשׁוּת שֶׁבָּעוֹלָם הֵם מֵהָאוֹתִיּוֹת, הַיְנוּ מִמַּלְכוּת, כִּי יֵשׁוּת הוּא מֵחֲמַת הַמַּלְכוּת, שֶׁרָצָה הַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא שֶׁיִּתְגַּלֶּה מַלְכוּתוֹ בָּעוֹלָם, וְעַל יְדֵי זֶה בָּרָא אֶת הָעוֹלָם מֵאַיִן לְיֵשׁ, וְכָל הָרְצוֹנוֹת, הַיְנוּ הַתְּמוּנוֹת, וְכָל הַיֵּשׁוּת, הַיְנוּ בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, מְקַבְּלִים חִיּוּתָם מֵרְצוֹן אֵין סוֹף, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ (מגילה לא.): בְּכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁאַתָּה מוֹצֵא גְּדֻלָּתוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ־ בָּרוּךְ־הוּא, הַיְנוּ מַלְכוּתוֹ, הַיְנוּ רְצוֹנוֹת, שָׁם אַתָּה מוֹצֵא עַנְוְתָנוּתוֹ, הַיְנוּ רְצוֹן אֵין סוֹף.

וְזֶה בְּחִינַת הִתְפַּשְּׁטוּת הַגַּשְׁמִיּוּת, כִּי כְּשֶׁרוֹצֶה לְהִכָּלֵל בִּרְצוֹן אֵין סוֹף, צָרִיךְ לְבַטֵּל אֶת הַיֵּשׁוּת שֶׁלּוֹ.

וְזֶה שֶׁכָּתוּב בַּזֹּהַר (יתרו דף פח:), שֶׁהִסְתַּלְּקוּת מֹשֶׁה בְּשַׁבָּת בְּשַׁעְתָּא דְּמִנְחָה, שֶׁאָז הִתְגַּלּוּת רַעֲוָא דְּרַעֲוִין, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת רְצוֹן אֵין סוֹף, שֶׁכָּל הָרְצוֹנוֹת מְקַבְּלִין חִיּוּתָם מִמֶּנּוּ. וְזֶה מֵחֲמַת שֶׁבִּטֵּל משֶׁה כָּל יֵשׁוּתוֹ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (שמות טז): וְנַחְנוּ מָה.

וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ: וַיִּקְבֹּר אֹתוֹ בַּגַּיְא (דברים ל״ד:ו׳) – זֶה בְּחִינַת אַיִן, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (ישעיהו מ׳:ד׳): כָּל גֶּיא יִנָּשֵׂא; בְּאֶרֶץ מוֹאָב – זֶה בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, שֶׁדָּוִד בָּא מִמּוֹאָב, שֶׁנִּסְתַּלֵּק מֹשֶׁה בְּתוֹךְ אֵין סוֹף, בְּתוֹךְ רָצוֹן שֶׁבָּרְצוֹנוֹת, בְּתוֹךְ רַעֲוָא דְּרַעֲוִין, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת רְצוֹן אֵין סוֹף הַמְלֻבָּשׁ בִּרְצוֹנוֹת, בִּתְמוּנוֹת אוֹתִיּוֹת, בִּבְחִינַת מַלְכוּת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: בְּכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁאַתָּה מוֹצֵא גְּדֻלָּתוֹ, הַיְנוּ מַלְכוּת, בְּחִינַת רַעֲוִין, שָׁם אַתָּה מוֹצֵא רַעֲוָא, רְצוֹן אֵין סוֹף.

וְזֶה: מוּל בֵּית פְּעוֹר – כִּי אָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (מדרש אגדה, מובא בתוספות סוטה יד.): לָמָּה נִקְרָא שְׁמוֹ פְּעוֹר, עַל שֵׁם שֶׁפּוֹעֵר פִּיו; כִּי כְּשֶׁפּוֹגְמִין בְּמַלְכוּת, אֲזַי יֵשׁ לוֹ כֹּחַ לִפְעֹר פִּיו בְּצֵרוּפִים רָעִים; אֲבָל משֶׁה, שֶׁתִּקֵּן מִדַּת הַמַּלְכוּת, עַל־יְדֵי זֶה לֹא הָיָה יְכֹלֶת בְּיַד פְּעוֹר לִפְעֹר פִּיו. וְזֶה: וְלֹא יָדַע אִישׁ, אֲפִלּוּ מֹשֶׁה לֹא יָדַע, (כמו שאמרו רז"ל סוטה יד.), כִּי נִתְבַּטֵּל לְגַבֵּי אֵין סוֹף.

וְכָל זֶה הָיָה בְּמוֹתוֹ, אֲבָל בְּוַדַּאי גַּם בְּחַיָּיו הָיָה לוֹ הִתְפַּשְּׁטוּת הַגַּשְׁמִיּוּת, וְהָיָה מְדַבֵּק אֶת עַצְמוֹ בְּאוֹר אֵין סוֹף, אֲבָל הַהִתְפַּשְּׁטוּת הָיָה בִּבְחִינַת: וְהַחַיּוֹת רָצוֹא וָשׁוֹב; כִּי הַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא רוֹצֶה בַּעֲבוֹדָתֵנוּ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְאָבִיתָ תְּהִלָּה מִגּוּשֵׁי עָפָר, מִקְּרוּצֵי חֹמֶר. וּבִשְׁבִיל זֶה צָרִיךְ שֶׁלֹּא יִשָּׁאֵר כֵּן אֶלָּא עַד עֵת שֶׁיָּבוֹא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בְּעַצְמוֹ וְיִטֹּל נִשְׁמָתוֹ.

וְזֶה שֶׁאָנוּ רוֹאִים, שֶׁלִּפְעָמִים נִתְלַהֵב אָדָם בְּתוֹךְ הַתְּפִלָּה וְאוֹמֵר כַּמָּה תֵּבוֹת בְּהִתְלַהֲבוּת גָּדוֹל – זֶה בְּחֶמְלַת ה' עָלָיו, שֶׁנִּפְתַּח לוֹ אוֹר אֵין סוֹף וְהֵאִיר לוֹ; וּכְשֶׁרוֹאֶה אָדָם הִתְנוֹצְצוּת הַזֹּאת, אַף־עַל־גַּב דְּאִיהוּ לָא חָזִי – מַזְלֵהּ חָזִי (מגילה ג.), תֵּכֶף נִתְלַהֵב נִשְׁמָתוֹ לִדְבֵקוּת גָּדוֹל, לְדַבֵּק אֶת עַצְמוֹ בְּאוֹר אֵין סוֹף, וּכְשִׁעוּר הִתְגַּלּוּת אֵין סוֹף, לְפִי מִנְיַן הַתֵּבוֹת שֶׁנִּפְתְּחוּ וְהִתְנוֹצְצוּ, כָּל אֵלּוּ הַתֵּבוֹת אוֹמֵר בִּדְבֵקוּת גָּדוֹל וּבִמְסִירַת נַפְשׁוֹ וּבְבִטּוּל כֹּחוֹתָיו, וּבְשָׁעָה שֶׁנִּתְבַּטֵּל לְגַבֵּי אֵין סוֹף, אֲזַי הוּא בִּבְחִינַת: וְלֹא יָדַע אִישׁ, שֶׁאֲפִלּוּ הוּא בְּעַצְמוֹ אֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ מֵעַצְמוֹ. אֲבָל זֹאת הַבְּחִינָה צָרִיךְ לִהְיוֹת רָצוֹא וָשׁוֹב, כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּתְקַיֵּם יֵשׁוּתוֹ.

נִמְצָא כְּשֶׁהוּא בִּבְחִינַת וָשׁוֹב, אֲזַי צָרִיךְ לְהַרְאוֹת גַּם לְדַעְתּוֹ, כִּי מִתְּחִלָּה, בִּשְׁעַת דְּבֵקוּת, הָיָה נִתְבַּטֵּל הַדַּעַת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְלֹא יָדַע אִישׁ; וּכְשֶׁהוּא בִּבְחִינַת וָשׁוֹב, שֶׁשָּׁב (לְדַעְתּוֹ) לְיֵשׁוּתוֹ, אָז שָׁב לְדַעְתּוֹ; וּכְשֶׁשָּׁב לְדַעְתּוֹ, אָז הוּא יוֹדֵעַ אַחְדוּת הָאֵין סוֹף וְטוּבוֹ, וַאֲזַי אֵין חִלּוּק בֵּין ה' לֵאלֹקִים, בֵּין מִדַּת הַדִּין לְמִדַּת הָרַחֲמִים,

כִּי בְּאֵין סוֹף אֵין שַׁיָּךְ, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם, שִׁנּוּי רָצוֹן, כִּי הַשִּׁנּוּיִים אֵינוֹ אֶלָּא בְּשִׁנּוּי הַתְּמוּנוֹת, אֲבָל עַל־יְדֵי הַדְּבֵקוּת שֶׁל אָדָם בְּאֵין סוֹף, שֶׁשָּׁם אֵין שִׁנּוּי רָצוֹן, כִּי שָׁם רָצוֹן פָּשׁוּט, וְאַחַר־כָּךְ נִשְׁאָר בּוֹ רְשִׁימוּ מֵאַחְדוּת הַזֹּאת, וְאַחַר־כָּךְ נַעֲשֶׂה בִּבְחִינַת וָשׁוֹב, אֲזַי הָרְשִׁימוּ מַרְאֶה לָדַעַת, שֶׁיֵּדַע שֶׁכֻּלּוֹ טוֹב וְכֻלּוֹ אֶחָד:

וְזֶה שֶׁאָמַר משֶׁה לְדוֹרוֹ (דברים ד): אַתָּה הָרְאֵתָ לָדַעַת כִּי ה' הוּא הָאֱלֹקִים; כִּי משֶׁה הוּא בְּחִינַת אַיִן, וְדוֹרוֹ הַדְּבוּקִים אֵלָיו רָאוּי לָהֶם לָדַעַת, הַיְנוּ לְהָאִיר לַדַּעַת, בְּחִינַת אֵין סוֹף, בְּחִינַת רַעֲוָא דְּרַעֲוִין, בְּחִינַת: ה' הוּא הָאֱלֹקִים:

י׳

וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ:

אָמַר רַבָּה בַּר בַּר חָנָא: זִימְנָא חַדָּא הֲוָה קָאַזְלִינָן בִּסְפִינְתָּא, וַחֲזִינָן הַהוּא כַּוְרָא דְּיַתְבָא לֵהּ אָכְלָה טִינָא בְּאוּסְיֵהּ, וְאִדְחוּהוּ מַיָא, וְשַׁדְיוּהוּ לְגוּדָא, וְחָרוּב מִינֵהּ שִׁיתִין מְחוֹזֵי, וְאָכְלוּ מִינֵהּ שִׁיתִין מְחוֹזֵי, וּמָלְחוּ מִינֵהּ שִׁיתִין מְחוֹזֵי, וּמָלְאוּ מֵחַד גַּלְגַּלָא דְּעֵינָא תְּלָת מֵאָה גַּרְבֵּי מִשְׁחָא. וְכִי הַדְרָן לְבָתַר תְּרֵיסַר יַרְחֵי שַׁתָּא, חֲזִינָן דְּהַוָה קָא מְנַסְרֵי מִגַּרְמֵיהּ מְטַלַלְתָּא, וִיהֲבֵי לְמִבְנִינְהוּ הַנָּךְ מְחוֹזֵי:

פֵּרוּשׁ:

סְפִינָה – לְשׁוֹן חֲשִׁיבוּת, בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, שֶׁרַבָּה בַּר בַּר חָנָה חָקַר בְּשִׂכְלוֹ אוֹדוֹת הַמַּלְכוּת, אֵיךְ בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל מַעֲלִין אוֹתָהּ.

וַחֲזִינָן הַאי כַּוְרָא – יִשְׂרָאֵל מְכֻנִּין בְּשֵׁם דָּגִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (בראשית מ״ח:ט״ז): וְיִדְגּוּ לָרֹב בְּקֶרֶב הָאָרֶץ.

דְּיַתְבָא לֵיהּ אָכְלָא טִינָא בִּנְחִירָיו – זֶה בְּחִינַת תְּפִלָּתָן שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (ישעיהו מ״ח:ט׳): וּתְהִלָּתִי אֶחֱטָם לָךְ; שֶׁנִּתְעָרֵב שֶׁרֶץ, הַיְנוּ טֻמְאָה, בִּתְפִלָּתוֹ וַעֲבוֹדָתוֹ וּבִלְבֵּל אוֹתוֹ, וְלֹא הָיָה יָכוֹל אִישׁ הַיִּשְׂרְאֵלִי הַזֶּה לַעֲבֹד עֲבוֹדָתוֹ תַּמָּה. מֶה עָשָׂה הָאִישׁ הַזֶּה, עָשָׂה שָׁלֹשׁ בְּחִינוֹת הַנַּ"ל, הַיְנוּ הִתְקַשְּׁרוּת לְהַצַּדִּיק, וּנְתִינַת הַצְּדָקָה, וּוִדּוּי דְּבָרִים.

וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ:

וּמֵתָה וְאִידְחוּהוּ מַיָא וְשַׁדְיוּהוּ לְגוּדָא; וְהִזְכִּיר הַשָּׁלֹשׁ בְּחִינוֹת מֵעֵלָּא לְתַתָּא:

וּמֵתָה – זֶה בְּחִינַת וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ: כָּל הַמּוּמָתִין מִתְוַדִּין;

וְאִדְחוּהוּ מַיָא – זֶה בְּחִינַת צְדָקָה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (קהלת י״א:א׳): שַׁלַּח לַחְמְךָ עַל פְּנֵי הַמַּיִם. וּכְתִיב (ישעיהו ל״ב:כ׳): אַשְׁרֵיכֶם זוֹרְעֵי עַל כָּל מַיִם.

וְשַׁדְיוּהוּ לְגוּדָא – הַצַּדִּיק נִקְרָא גּוּדָא, לְשׁוֹן גָּדֵר, שֶׁהוּא גּוֹדֵר פִּרְצוֹתֵיהֶן שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל (יחזקאל כב, ישעיהו נח). וְזֶה: וְשַׁדְיוּהוּ לְגוּדָא – שֶׁהִקְרִיב אֶת עַצְמוֹ לַצַּדִּיק.

וְעַל־יְדֵי שָׁלֹשׁ בְּחִינוֹת אֵלּוּ:

וְחָרוּב מִינֵהּ שִׁיתִּין מְחוֹזָא – שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי הַמִּיתָה, הַיְנוּ וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים, הֶעֱלָה אֶת הַמַּלְכוּת מִבֵּין הַסִּטְרָא אָחֳרָא, וְהַצַּדִּיק הוֹרָה לוֹ אֶת הַדֶּרֶךְ הַיָּשָׁר,

כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב בְּהַפְטָרַת בְּרֵאשִׁית (ישעיהו מב): אַחֲרִיב הָרִים וּגְבָעוֹת – רֶמֶז עַל חֻרְבַּן מֶמְשֶׁלֶת הָעַכּוּ"ם; וְהוֹלַכְתִּי עִוְּרִים בְּדֶרֶךְ לֹא יָדָעוּ – זֶה בְּחִינַת שֶׁהַצַּדִּיק הוֹרָה לוֹ דֶּרֶךְ יָשָׁר, זֶה בְּחִינַת פָּרָשַׁת דְּרָכִים, כַּנַּ"ל. וְשִׁיתִין מְחוֹזָא רֶמֶז עַל עֲלִיַּת הַמַּלְכוּת, דִּכְתִיב בָּהּ (שה"ש ו): שִׁשִּׁים הֵמָּה מְלָכוֹת.

וְאָכְלוּ מִינָהּ שִׁיתִין מְחוֹזָא – רֶמֶז עַל שְׁנֵי מִדּוֹת רָעוֹת שֶׁל חַי מְדַבֵּר, שֶׁעַל־יָדוֹ בָּא עֲנִיּוּת כַּנַּ"ל, וְעַל־יְדֵי צְדָקָה מְתַקֵּן אוֹתָם וְיַמְשִׁיךְ שֶׁפַע. וְזֶה: אָכְלוּ מִינֵה. וְשִיתִין מְחוֹזָא – רֶמֶז עַל בְּחִינוֹת שִׁשִּׁים גִּבּוֹרִים, שֶׁמִּשָּׁם בָּא פַּרְנָסָה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ: גְּבוּרוֹת גְּשָׁמִים (ברכות לג. תענית ב. ע"ש).

וּמָלְחוּ מִינָהּ שִׁיתִּין מְחוֹזָא – זֶה רֶמֶז עַל תִּקּוּן שְׁתֵּי מִדּוֹת רָעוֹת, דּוֹמֵם צוֹמֵחַ, עַל־יְדֵי קִרְבָתוֹ לְהַצַּדִּיק, כִּי הַצַּדִּיק הוּא בְּרִית מֶלַח עוֹלָם. גַּם עַצְבוּת וְתַאֲווֹת בָּאִים מִדָּמִים עֲכוּרִים, וְעַל־יְדֵי מֶלַח פּוֹלֵט הַדָּמִים רָעִים. וְשִיתִּין מְחוֹזָא זֶה רֶמֶז עַל שִׁשִּׁים אוֹתִיּוֹת שֶׁבְּבִרְכַּת כֹּהֲנִים שֶׁהֵם בְּיַד הַצַּדִּיק, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (משלי י׳:ו׳): בְּרָכוֹת לְרֹאשׁ צַדִּיק.

וּמָלְאוּ מֵחַד גַּלְגַּלָא דְּעֵינָא תְּלָת מֵאָה גַּרְבֵּי מִשְׁחָא – גַּרְבֵּי מִשְׁחָא זֶה בְּחִינוֹת הַדַּעַת, כִּי שֶׁמֶן מִשְׁחַת קֹדֶשׁ (שמות ל׳:כ״ה) זֶה בְּחִינַת שֵׂכֶל.

וּתְלָת מֵאָה זֶה בְּחִינוֹת משֶׁה, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת מַה שֶּׁהַצַּדִּיק מַקְטִין אֶת עַצְמוֹ בִּבְחִינַת מָה. בְּשָׁלשׁ בְּחִינוֹת צָרִיךְ לְהַקְטִין אֶת עַצְמוֹ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (ירמיהו ט׳:כ״ב): אַל יִתְהַלֵּל חָכָם, גִּבּוֹר וְעָשִׁיר. נִמְצָא, שֶׁבְּכָל בְּחִינָה מֵאֵלּוּ שָׁלשׁ בְּחִינוֹת הוּא נַעֲשֶׂה מָה,

וְעַל־יְדֵי זֶה יֵשׁ לוֹ הִתְפַּשְּׁטוּת הַגַּשְׁמִיּוּת, וּמִדַּבֵּק בְּאוֹר אֵין סוֹף, שֶׁאֵין שָׁם שׁוּם שִׁנּוּי רָצוֹן, אֶלָּא ה' הוּא הָאֱלֹקִים כַּנַּ"ל, הַיְנוּ כֻּלּוֹ הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב. וְזֶה בְּחִינַת חַד גַּלְגַּלָא דְּעֵינָא, כַּמּוּבָא בְּאִידְרָא (נשא דף קלז:): וּלְזִימְנָא דְּאָתִי יִשְׁתַּכַּח בָּה עֵינָא חַד דְּרַחֲמֵי – זֶה בְּחִינַת כֻּלּוֹ הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב.

נִמְצָא, כְּשֶׁהַצַּדִּיק עוֹשֶׂה עַצְמוֹ מָה, מְדַבֵּק אֶת עַצְמוֹ לְעֵינָא חַד דְרַחֲמֵי, הַיְנוּ לְאֵין סוֹף; וְאַחַר כָּךְ כְּשֶׁחוֹזֵר, בִּבְחִינַת רָצוֹא וָשׁוֹב, אָז מַמְשִׁיךְ מֵאוֹר אֵין סוֹף הָאַחְדוּת הָרָצוֹן הַפָּשׁוּט שָׁם דֶּרֶךְ הַ"מָּה" שֶׁלּוֹ, וְנַעֲשֶׂה מִמָּה מֵאָה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ: אַל תִּקְרֵי מָה, אֶלָּא מֵאָה, וְנַעֲשֶׂה תְּלָת מֵאָה מִתְּלָת מָה, וּמַמְשִׁיךְ אוֹר הַזֶּה לְדַעְתּוֹ וּלְשִׂכְלוֹ, הַיְנוּ גַּרְבֵּי דְּמִשְׁחָא, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת שֵׂכֶל כַּנַּ"ל.

אַתָּה הָרְאֵיתָ לָדַעַת, שֶׁמַּמְשִׁיךְ אוֹר אֵין סוֹף לְדַעְתּוֹ, שֶׁיֵּדַע הָאַחְדוּת, שֶׁה' הוּא הָאֱלֹקִים, וִיבָרֵךְ הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב עַל הַכֹּל כְּמוֹ לֶעָתִיד לָבוֹא:

כִּי הַדְרָן וְאָתָאן לְבָתַר תְּרֵיסַר יַרְחֵי שַׁתָּא וְקָחֲזִינָן דְּהַוֵי מְנַסְרָא מִגַּרְמַיְהוּ לְבִנְיָנָא הַנָּךְ מְחוֹזָא – כִּי מֵאֲחוֹרֵי הַקְּדֻשָּׁה, שֶׁהֵם שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂר שְׁבָטִים, שֶׁעַל־יָדָם נִתְתַּקֵּן מַלְכוּת הַנַּ"ל, וְאַחֲרֵיהֶם הוּא הַטֻּמְאָה,

וְיֵשׁ בְּנֵי־אָדָם שֶׁיּוֹצְאִין מֵהַקְּדֻשָּׁה. וְזֶה שֶׁסִּפֵּר הַתַּנָּא, שֶׁהָדַר וְחָזַר לְעַיֵּן בְּאֵלּוּ שֶׁהֵם בָּתַר תְּרֵיסַר יַרְחֵי שַׁתָּא, שֶׁהֵם אֲחוֹרֵי שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂר שְׁבָטִים דִּקְדֻשָּׁה, שֶׁיּוֹצְאִין מִכְּלַל יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל־יְדֵי מַעֲשֵׂיהֶם הָרָעִים.

וַחֲזִינָן דְּהֲווּ מְנַסְרֵי מִגַּרְמַיְהוּ – הַיְנוּ שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי מַעֲשֵׂיהֶם הָרָעִים הַחֲקוּקִים עַל עַצְמוֹתָם, וְהַחֲקִיקָה עוֹבֵר מֵעֵבֶר לְעֵבֶר כִּנְסִירָה מַמָּשׁ..

אֲבָל עַל־יְדֵי שֶׁאִישׁ הַיִּשְׂרְאֵלִי הַנַּ"ל נִתְעוֹרֵר בִּתְשׁוּבָה עַל־יְדֵי שֶׁרֶץ קָטָן שֶׁבִּנְחִירָיו, עַל־יְדֵי שֶׁהִרְגִּישׁ טֻמְאָה קְטַנָּה שֶׁמְּבַלְבֶּלֶת אוֹתוֹ – עַל־יְדֵי תְּשׁוּבָתוֹ גּוֹרֵם, שֶׁגַּם אֵלּוּ הָרְשָׁעִים נַעֲשׂוּ כִּסֵּא לַקְּדֻשָּׁה,

וִיהָבֵי לְבִנְיָנָא הַנָּךְ מְחוֹזָא – שֶׁעוֹזְרִים גַּם הֵם לְעוֹבְדֵי הַשֵּׁם, שֶׁיִּבְנוּ הַנָּךְ מְחוֹזָא הַנַּ"ל:

י״א

וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ:

אָנֹכִי ה' אֱלֹקֶיךָ. פֵּרוּשׁ, הֵן ה' הֵן אֱלֹקֶיךָ תָּבִין, שֶׁכָּל זֹאת אָנֹכִי, הַיְנוּ שֶׁתְּקַיֵּם: בַּה' אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר, בֵּאלֹקִים אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר, הַיְנוּ כֻּלּוֹ הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב כַּנַּ"ל;

אֲשֶׁר הוֹצֵאתִיךָ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם – דְּאִיתָא בַּמִּדְרָשׁ (בראשית פ' טז), כִּי כָּל הַגָּלֻיּוֹת נִקְרָאִים עַל שֵׁם גָּלוּת מִצְרַיִם, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵם מְצֵרִים לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, הַיְנוּ שֶׁעַל יְדֵי הַצַּדִּיק נִתְבַּטֵּל מַלְכוּתָם וּמֶמְשַׁלְתָּם שֶׁל הָעַכּוּ"ם, כִּי עַל־יְדֵי זֶה עוֹלָה מִתּוֹכָם מַלְכוּת דִּקְדֻשָּׁה כַּנַּ"ל.

מִבֵּית עֲבָדִים – זֶה רֶמֶז עַל בִּטּוּל הַמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת שֶׁל אַרְבַּע יְסוֹדוֹת, הַמְכֻנִּים בְּשֵׁם עֲבָדִים, כִּי כָּל הָאַרְבַּע יְסוֹדוֹת הֵם מִתַּחַת גַּלְגַּל הַיָּרֵחַ, וְהַיָּרֵחַ מְכֻנֶּה בְּשֵׁם עֶבֶד, כַּמּוּבָא בַּזֹּהַר (וישב דף קפא:): הִנֵּה יַשְׂכִּיל עַבְדִי – דָּא סִיהַרָא,

פֵּרוּשׁ עַל־יְדֵי הַצַּדִּיק עוֹלָה הַמַּלְכוּת מִן הַסִּטְרָא אָחֳרָא, וְנִתְבַּטְּלִים הַמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת, וְעַל־יְדֵי זֶה הָאָדָם בָּא לִבְחִינַת עוֹלָם הַבָּא, לִבְחִינַת: בַּה' אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר, בֵּאלֹקִים אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר:

Hebrew text: Likutei Moharan - rabenubook.com via Sefaria (Public Domain) · Sefaria. Names of Hashem are written in the customary form.

Transcripts

1-minute recap

Likutey Moharan, Torah four: Anochi Hashem Elokecha.

To know that everything that happens to you is for your good is a taste of the World to Come.

To reach it, holy kingship must be raised up, and that happens through confessing in words before a Torah scholar.

Every sin engraves bad letters on the bones. Spoken out, they leave the bones and become holy words.

On a dark road, three things save you: seeing the tzaddik, giving charity, and confession. The torch, the dawn, and the crossroads.

Nullified into the Infinite and back again, the mind knows: Hashem is Elokim, and all is good.

Our own reflection: bless Hashem for all of it, and say what is in your heart out loud.

Explainer

Likutey Moharan, Torah four: Anochi Hashem Elokecha. I am Hashem your Elokim. In about ten minutes we will walk through the whole Torah: all is for good, confession before a Torah scholar, and three ways to find the road.

Rebbe Nachman opens with a goal. When a person knows that everything that happens to him is for his good, he tastes the World to Come. King David said: in Hashem I will praise the word, and in Elokim I will praise the word. Hashem stands for mercy, Elokim for judgment, and he praises both.

The Sages ask about the verse, on that day Hashem will be One: is He not One now? Today, they answer, we bless good news with 'Who is good and does good', and bad news with 'the true Judge'. In the future we will bless everything with 'Who is good and does good'. Feeling that oneness now is the taste of the World to Come.

But this knowledge needs something first. Malchus, holy kingship, is in exile among the nations. Today dominion is theirs, and even their idols borrow the name elokim, because they draw from Malchus, which is called Elokim. When Malchus is raised up, the verse comes true: Elokim is King of all the earth.

How is kingship returned to Hashem? Only through vidui devarim, confessing in words before a Torah scholar. The prophet Hoshea says: take words with you, and return to Hashem. Words, devarim, are Malchus, as in the Gemara's phrase, one leader, dabar, for a generation.

When a person knows all this, his knowledge is complete. Real daas, says Rebbe Nachman, is the unity of kindness and strictness: not splitting chesed from din, but blessing 'Who is good and does good' over all of it. Echad, one, has the numerical value of ahavah, love. Whether it comes as mercy or as judgment, it is all for your good, because Hashem loves you, and whom Hashem loves He rebukes.

Now the heart of the Torah. A person's sins are engraved on his bones. Every sin is a combination of letters, and a sin carves a bad combination into the bones. That bad combination drags the words of the commandment, which are Malchus, down into impurity, and gives the nations dominion.

Confession reverses this. Speech comes from the bones, as David said, all my bones shall say. When a person confesses, the letters engraved on his bones come out and become the words of his confession. The bad structure is torn down, and holy kingship is built from the same letters.

The Sages say that in the desert Yehudah's bones were rolling about, until Moshe prayed, hear, Hashem, the voice of Yehudah, and reminded Hashem of Yehudah's confession. Then each bone went back to its place. Yehudah is kingship, and it was Moshe who repaired it, because confession must be before a Torah scholar, and every Torah scholar is an aspect of Moshe.

The root of Malchus is fire, and the Torah is called fire: is not My word like fire? A sin pulls kingship into the heat of the evil inclination, and the Torah says, pass it through fire. That fire is the Torah scholar, the living heart of the Torah. Aveirah, sin, means passing through: it passes right through the bones. And mitzvah means joining: bundles of mitzvos knit the bones together.

Why does the Torah scholar have the power to atone? Shlomo says: the wrath of a king is messengers of death, but a wise man will atone for it. The wise man is the one who makes himself like nothing, like Moshe, the humblest of men. Wisdom comes from ayin, from nothingness. And Hashem passes over sin for the one who sees himself as a mere remnant.

That explains Moshe's prayer after the Golden Calf: if You forgive them, good, and if not, erase me. Moshe heard his own praise in the Torah every day. Who could hear that without some pride? Only one who is truly humble. So Moshe argued: if You do not forgive them, I lack the humility to atone; then erase my name, so I do not fall into pride. And if I am humble, forgive them.

Section eight brings a parable from the Gemara. A man walks on a road in the dead of night, afraid of thorns, pits, wild beasts and robbers, and he does not know where he is going. Rebbe Nachman reads these as the four roots of bad traits: sadness from the mineral level, desires from the plant level, idle talk from the animal level, and pride from the speaking level.

Three ways of coming close to the tzaddik repair them all. First, seeing the tzaddik. A sad, sluggish child brightens the moment he sees his mother, and drops his games to run to her. Gazing at the tzaddik does that to sadness and desire, the thorns and the pits. He is the torch of light the traveller finds.

Second, charity given to a Torah scholar. Idle talk and pride bring poverty; charity brings wealth, and saves from the wild beast and the robbers. That is the pillar of dawn: then your light will break forth like the dawn.

Third, confession before a Torah scholar: the crossroads. The Gemara calls it the Torah scholar and the day of death, for all who are put to death confess. Even someone who has seen the tzaddik and given him money may not yet know which road he is on. Only after confession can the scholar set out a road for him according to the root of his soul. Then he is saved from everything.

Section nine goes deeper. The Torah scholar, like Moshe, is ayin, nothingness. When you pour out your heart before him, you are included in the Ein Sof, the Infinite. Malchus is the letters, and the shape of every letter is a will of Hashem; all those wills draw from the will of the Infinite, which has no shape. Confession sends kingship back up to that Will of all Wills, like the cantillation note zarka, thrown back to where it came from.

Moshe nullified himself completely: and what are we? So he passed away at Minchah on Shabbos, the hour of the Will of all Wills, and no man knows his burial place, not even Moshe himself. But in life this closeness must be run and return. Hashem wants service from creatures of clay. So a person flames up, sometimes for just a few words of prayer, and then comes back.

And on the way back, an impression of that oneness stays with him. In the Infinite there is no change of will; there, mercy and judgment are one. Coming back to his mind, he knows that everything is good and everything is one. As Moshe told his generation: you have been shown, to know that Hashem is Elokim.

Then Rebbe Nachman reads one of Rabbah bar bar Chanah's wondrous tales. A great fish, with a small creature in its nostril, died, was cast by the waters onto the shore, and fed sixty towns. The fish is a Jew, and the creature is a small impurity that troubled his prayer. He did all three: he confessed, it died; he gave charity, the waters; and he came close to the tzaddik, the shore, the guda, who fences in the breaches of Israel.

From one eye they filled three hundred barrels of oil. The oil is daas, the mind. The tzaddik makes himself mah, nothing, in wisdom, strength and wealth, and each mah becomes me'ah, a hundred: three hundred. Clinging to the one eye of mercy and coming back, he draws the light of the Infinite into his mind. And even those who left holiness end up helping to rebuild the towns.

And so, the first of the Ten Commandments: I am Hashem your Elokim. Mercy and judgment alike are 'I'. Who brought you out of Egypt: the tzaddik cancels the rule of the nations. Out of the house of slaves: the bad traits of the four elements are broken, and a person comes to the World to Come, praising Hashem for everything.

Our own reflection: when something hard happens, try to say, this too is for my good. And find someone you trust, and say out loud what is in your heart.

Full shiur

— Part 1: Everything Is for Your Good —

Likutey Moharan, Torah four: Anochi Hashem Elokecha. A shiur in eight parts. Part one: knowing that everything is for your good, and raising up holy kingship.

A word on method. Gold is Rebbe Nachman's own words, from Likutey Moharan, Torah four. Grey is a verse or a teaching of the Sages that he quotes. Green is our own explanation, not a quotation. The Hebrew on screen is the public-domain text from Sefaria, and the English is our own paraphrase, kept close to the Hebrew.

Here is the map. Sections one to four: knowing that everything is for your good, and how holy kingship is raised up through confession before a Torah scholar. Sections five to seven: the letters of our sins engraved on the bones, the fire of Torah, and the humility of Moshe. Section eight: a traveller lost at night, and three ways of coming close to the tzaddik. Section nine: being included in the Infinite, and running and returning. And sections ten and eleven: a wondrous tale of a great fish, and how the whole Torah is hidden in the first of the Ten Commandments.

The Torah opens with the first of the Ten Commandments, from Shemos, chapter twenty. I am Hashem your Elokim, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slaves.

Rebbe Nachman begins: When a person knows that everything that happens to him is for his good, this is a taste of the World to Come, as the verse says: In Hashem I will praise the word; in Elokim I will praise the word.

Our explanation. In the language of the Sages, the Name Hashem stands for the attribute of mercy, and Elokim for the attribute of judgment. King David says he praises the word in both: when things come with kindness, and when they come with strictness. Rebbe Nachman reads this as a person who knows that all of it is for his good.

Why the World to Come? He brings the Gemara in Pesachim: This level is a taste of the World to Come, as our Sages taught on the verse 'On that day Hashem will be One.' They asked: is He not One today? And they answered: today we bless 'Who is good and does good' over good news, and 'the true Judge' over bad news; but in the future all will be 'Who is good and does good', for the Name Hashem and the name Elokim will be perfectly one.

Our explanation. Today, when we hear bad news, we say Baruch Dayan HaEmes, blessed is the true Judge. In the future, says the Gemara, we will say only HaTov veHaMeitiv, Who is good and does good, over everything. A person who already feels that everything is for his good is living a little of that future now.

But this knowledge has a condition: This level can be reached only when one raises holy Malchus, kingship, out of its exile among the nations. For now kingship and dominion belong to the nations, and that is why their idols are called by the name elokim: they draw from Malchus, which is called Elokim, as it says, 'Elokim is my King from of old.' And when Malchus is raised up from among the nations, then 'Elokim is King of all the earth' is fulfilled.

Our explanation. Malchus, kingship, is the revelation of Hashem's rule in the world. When it is in exile, power seems to belong to others, and even idols borrow the name elokim. When it is raised up, everyone recognises that Hashem is King. Rebbe Nachman now asks: how is it raised?

His answer: It is impossible to return the kingship to the Holy One, blessed be He, except through vidui devarim, confession in words, before a Torah scholar. Through this one repairs Malchus and raises it to its root.

He finds it in a verse of the prophet Hoshea: This is the meaning of 'Take words with you' (Hoshea 14:3): this is confession in words, and it is Malchus, as in 'one dabar, one leader, for a generation'; dabar means a leader and ruler. 'And return to Hashem': repair and raise the words, Malchus, the aspect of Elokim, to Hashem. That is, 'In Hashem I praise the word, in Elokim I praise the word': he knows that everything that happens to him is for his good, and blesses 'Who is good and does good' over all of it.

Our summary of the first three sections. To know that everything is for your good is a taste of the World to Come. That knowledge depends on raising holy kingship out of its exile. And kingship is raised through words: confession before a Torah scholar. In the next part we will see why words, and why the bones.

— Part 2: Letters Engraved on the Bones —

Part two: complete knowledge, and the letters engraved on the bones.

Section four. What is real knowledge? When he knows all this, it is called complete knowledge. For the essence of daas, knowledge, is the unity of kindness and strictness: not to divide between chesed and din, but to bless 'Who is good and does good' over all of them. This is called 'Hashem is One and His Name is One', as the Sages said: in the future there will be complete unity, and all will be 'Who is good and does good.'

He continues: And this is 'Hashem is One and His Name': His Name is the aspect of Elokim, Malchus, as it says, 'And David made a name.' Echad, one, has the numerical value of ahavah, love. That is: whether Hashem, which is mercy, or His Name, which is Elokim, judgment, it is all for your good, out of the love the Holy One, blessed be He, has for you. As it says, 'Whom Hashem loves He rebukes,' and, 'Only you have I known of all the families of the earth; therefore I will hold you to account for all your sins.'

Our explanation. The letters of echad, one, add up to thirteen: aleph is one, ches is eight, dalet is four. The letters of ahavah, love, also add up to thirteen. So when we say Hashem is One, we also say that everything, the mercy and the strictness alike, comes from His love for us.

Section five, the heart of this Torah. Rebbe Nachman quotes the prophet Yechezkel: A person's sins are upon his bones, as it says, 'Their sins were engraved upon their bones.' Every sin has its own combination of letters. When a person commits a sin, an evil combination is engraved on his bones, and through this he brings the speech of that prohibition into impurity. That is, he brings Malchus, 'one leader for a generation', down among the nations, and gives them dominion.

An example: For example, if he transgressed the words of the prohibition 'Lo yihyeh lecha', you shall have no other, he destroys the good combination of those words and builds an evil one. That combination is engraved on his bones and takes revenge on him, as it says, 'Your sins have turned these away,' and, 'Evil will slay the wicked.'

Our explanation. Every commandment of the Torah is spoken in words, and words are made of letters. Rebbe Nachman teaches that when a person sins, he takes those letters and builds a bad combination from them, and that combination is carved, as it were, into his very bones. The sin is not only a memory; it stays inside him, and it strengthens the forces that rule over holiness.

And here is the repair: Through confession in words, the letters engraved on his bones come out of them and become the words of the confession, for speech comes out from the bones, as it says, 'All my bones shall say.' He tears down the evil structure and combination, and from them he builds holy Malchus.

He brings a proof from the Gemara in Sotah: This is what our Sages said: while Israel walked in the desert, the bones of Yehudah were rolling about, until Moshe said, 'Hear, Hashem, the voice of Yehudah.' Moshe asked the Holy One, blessed be He, to remember the confession Yehudah had made, and so it was. It was specifically his bones that rolled, because 'their sins were engraved upon their bones'; through the confession they were repaired, and each one rose back to its place.

Why Yehudah? And Yehudah is the aspect of Malchus: a hint that Malchus is repaired through confession in words,

and this was done through Moshe, who recalled the confession. For so it must be: the confession must be before a Torah scholar, and every Torah scholar is an aspect of Moshe, as the Sages said, 'Moshe, you have spoken well.' By Moshe recalling the confession, it was as if Yehudah confessed now before Moshe, and so Malchus was repaired and the evil combination engraved on his bones was destroyed.

Our summary of section five. A sin engraves a bad combination of letters on the bones. Confession in words draws those very letters out, because speech comes from the bones. And when the confession is before a Torah scholar, who is an aspect of Moshe, the bad structure falls and holy kingship is built in its place. In the next part: why fire, and why humility.

— Part 3: Fire, Humility and Atonement —

Part three: the fire of Torah, and the humility that atones.

Section six. Why must the confession be before a Torah scholar? This is returning Malchus to its root, for the root of Malchus is fire. As our Sages said: why did Nevat err? Because he saw fire coming forth from himself. And the Torah is called fire, and kingship comes from it, as it says, 'Is not My word like fire?' and, 'Through me kings reign.' And the heart of the Torah is the Torah scholars, as the Sages said: how foolish are those who stand up before a Sefer Torah but do not stand up before a great Torah scholar.

Our explanation. The Gemara tells that Nevat, the father of Yerovam, saw a sign of fire and understood that kingship would come from him; his mistake was thinking it was for himself, when it was for his son. From here Rebbe Nachman learns that the root of kingship is fire. The Torah is fire, and kings rule through it. And the Torah lives most of all in the Torah scholar, which is why standing before him is even greater than standing before a Torah scroll.

He reads a verse from Bamidbar about purifying vessels: This is 'Every thing that comes into fire, pass it through fire.' Davar, thing, is Malchus, which has been drawn into impurity, into the heat of the evil inclination, as in the Gemara's phrase, 'Fire in the house of Amram.' 'Pass it through fire': its repair is through fire, that is, confession in words before a Torah scholar.

Two words are explained: And this is why a sin is called aveirah: its letter-combination passes through his bones, from one side to the other. And mitzvah means joining: when one does bundle upon bundle of mitzvos, the broken pieces of his bones are joined together, as it says, 'He guards all his bones.'

Our explanation. The word aveirah, sin, comes from a root meaning to pass over or through. A sin passes right through the bones and breaks them, as it were. The word mitzvah is connected to tzavta, joining together. Many mitzvos, done one after another, knit those broken bones back together.

Section seven. A verse from Mishlei: This is the meaning of 'The wrath of a king is messengers of death, but a wise man will appease it.' The anger of the Holy One, blessed be He, is over the kingship that a person lowered through his sins. 'And a wise man will atone for it': the Torah scholar, the aspect of Moshe, atones for him, as it says, 'He passes over transgression for the remnant': for one who makes himself like leftovers.

Putting it together: So when a person comes before a Torah scholar and brings out all his letter-combinations before him, the scholar is the aspect of Moshe, who makes himself like leftovers, as it says, 'The man Moshe was very humble.' Through this he is called a wise man, as it says, 'Wisdom, from where, me'ayin, from nothingness, is it found.' And this gives the Torah scholar the power to atone, as it says, 'and a wise man will atone for it.'

Our explanation. The verse in Iyov asks, where is wisdom found, me'ayin. Read another way, it says that wisdom comes from ayin, from nothingness. A true Torah scholar makes himself like nothing, like the leftovers of a meal. That humility is exactly what gives him the power to atone for others.

This explains a famous prayer of Moshe: For this reason, when Moshe prayed over the sin of the Golden Calf, he said, 'If You will bear their sin; and if not, erase me, please.' For it is almost impossible that some pride not come to a person when he hears his praise told; all the more so when a great king praises and glorifies him, it is surely almost impossible that no pride come to him.

But for this one needs the nullification of all his feelings and his physicality; then a person can hear his praise and no pride at all comes to him.

Like Moshe our teacher, who saw written in the Torah, 'And Hashem spoke to Moshe', 'And Hashem said to Moshe'. Israel read Moshe's praise in the Torah every day, and he himself told them his praises, yet Moshe felt no glory or pride from it, as it says, 'The man Moshe was very humble.' Surely it was through his humility that Moshe had the power to atone for the sin of the Calf, as it says, 'and a wise man will atone for it.'

Now Moshe's words make sense: This was Moshe's argument: 'And if not': if You do not bear their sin, You show that I do not have enough humility to atone for the sin of the Calf. Then my request is, 'Erase me, please,' so that I do not stumble into pride, since I always see and hear my name and my praise told in the Torah. Who could hear his praise and not grow proud, unless he is very humble? And if I am humble, You must bear their sin, as it says, 'He passes over transgression for the remnant.'

Section seven ends with a verse from Devarim: And this is 'There was a king in Yeshurun': Malchus rose to its root, as it says, 'The humble shall inherit the land', and land is the law of the kingdom, as it says, 'And the land rises up against him.'

Our summary. The root of kingship is fire, the fire of Torah, which lives in the Torah scholar. His power to atone comes from his humility: he makes himself nothing, like Moshe, who heard his own praise every day and felt no pride. That is why Moshe could say: if You do not forgive them, erase me. In the next part, a traveller lost on a dark road.

— Part 4: Lost on the Road at Night —

Part four: a traveller lost at night, and three ways of coming close to the tzaddik.

Section eight brings a parable from the Gemara in Sotah. This is what our Sages said: it is like a man walking on the road in the dead of night and in darkness, who is afraid of thorns, of pits, of a wild beast and of robbers, and does not know which road he is walking on.

Rebbe Nachman explains: For it is known that all the bad traits and their offshoots come from the four elements, the four humors, as brought in Mishnas Chassidim: sadness and its offshoots come from the mineral level; bad desires and their offshoots from the plant level; idle talk and its offshoots from the animal level; and pride and its offshoots from the speaking level.

Our explanation. The world is made of four levels: domem, the silent mineral; tzome'ach, what grows; chai, what lives; and medaber, the one who speaks. Rebbe Nachman links a root of bad traits to each: heavy sadness to the mineral, desires to the plant, idle chatter to the animal, and pride to the speaker. These are the four dangers on the traveller's dark road.

Whoever wants to walk on the road of holiness must break all the bad traits, and tell everything before the Torah scholar, that is, confession in words; and the Torah scholar will explain and clarify a road for him according to the root of his soul.

There are three aspects in drawing close to the tzaddikim, and through these three everything is repaired. These are the three:

The first: when one sees the tzaddik, as it says, 'Your eyes shall see your teacher.' This cancels the bad traits drawn from the two elements of mineral and plant: sadness and its offshoots, and bad desires. For the tzaddik of the generation is called a mother, because he nurses Israel with the light of his Torah, and the Torah is called milk, as it says, 'Honey and milk are under your tongue.'

We see this plainly: when a small child is sad and sluggish, as soon as he sees his mother he wakes up and runs eagerly toward her, that is, toward his root.

And we also see plainly: when a child is busy with his silly games, even though he wants them very much, when he sees his mother he throws all his desires behind him and draws himself to her. So the bad traits of the two elements, mineral and plant, are cancelled by gazing at the face of the tzaddik.

Back to the parable: This is 'He is afraid of the thorns', the plant level, 'and of the pits', the mineral level. When he comes upon a torch of light, that is the Torah scholar, who blazes with the light of the Torah, through him he is saved from the bad traits of the two elements, mineral and plant, and then he is saved from the thorns and the pits.

Our summary of the first way. Seeing the tzaddik is like a child seeing his mother: sadness lifts, and the toys are forgotten. In the parable, that is the torch of light that saves the traveller from the thorns and the pits.

The second aspect: the charity one gives to a Torah scholar. Through it one is saved from the bad traits of the two elements of animal and speaker, which are the wild beast and the robbers: idle talk and pride and their offshoots. For idle talk and evil speech bring poverty, as it says, 'For all the men have died': that means poverty.

Of pride too they said: a sign of arrogance is poverty. And through charity one becomes rich, as our Sages taught on the verse 'Though they be whole and many, they shall be cut off and pass on; I have afflicted you, I will afflict you no more': once he gives, he is no longer shown signs of poverty.

In the parable: This is: 'Once the pillar of dawn rose, he was saved from the wild beast and the robbers.' The pillar of dawn hints at charity, as it says, 'When you see the naked, cover him... then your light will break forth like the dawn.' So through charity one is saved from the bad traits of the two elements, animal and speaker, the wild beast and the robbers.

The third aspect: when one confesses in words before a Torah scholar, through which the Torah scholar guides him on a straight road according to the root of his soul.

And this is: 'He reached the crossroads.' Our Sages said: this is a Torah scholar and the day of death, which is confession before a Torah scholar. The day of death hints at confession, as our Rabbis said, all who are put to death confess. And it is called a crossroads, because the Torah scholar sets apart a road for him according to the root of his soul.

Then he is saved from all of them. For before he confessed, even though he was with the Torah scholar and gave him money, he still did not know which road he was walking on, for there is a road that seems straight to a man, but its end is the ways of death. But when he reached the crossroads, the Torah scholar and the day of death, that is, confession before a Torah scholar, then he is saved from all of them.

Our summary of section eight. Seeing the tzaddik is the torch: it lifts sadness and desire. Charity is the dawn: it repairs idle talk and pride. And confession is the crossroads: only then can the Torah scholar show a person the road that fits the root of his soul. With all three, the traveller is saved from everything on the road.

— Part 5: The Will of All Wills —

Part five: confession that sends kingship back to the Will of all Wills.

Section nine goes deeper. And so, each time one comes to a Torah scholar and tells him all that is in his heart, the Torah scholar is the aspect of Moshe, the aspect of ayin, nothingness, as it says, 'Wisdom is found from ayin'; and through this you are included in the Ein Sof, the Infinite.

This is the aspect of zarka, the note that is thrown back to the place it was taken from: you return Malchus to the Ein Sof, which is the will within all wills.

Our explanation. Zarka is one of the cantillation notes, the tunes of the Torah reading, and its name means thrown. The Zohar describes it as something thrown back up to the place it was taken from. So too, confession sends kingship, which fell through sin, back up to its source in the Infinite.

Why is kingship the letters? For Malchus is the letters of speech, and each letter is clothed in the will of Hashem, blessed be He: it was His will that this letter have such a shape and another letter a different shape. So the wills, that is, the shapes of the letters, are the revelation of His kingship, and all these wills and shapes are drawn from the will of the Ein Sof, which has no shape at all.

And everything and all existence in the world come from the letters, that is, from Malchus. For existence is there because of kingship: the Holy One, blessed be He, wanted His kingship revealed in the world, so He created the world from nothing to something. All the wills, the shapes and all existence receive their life from the will of the Ein Sof, as the Sages said: wherever you find the greatness of the Holy One, blessed be He, His kingship, there you find His humility, the will of the Ein Sof.

Our explanation, kept simple. Everything in the world was made through words, and words are letters, each with its own shape. Every shape is a particular will of Hashem. Behind all these many wills stands one simple Will, the will of the Infinite, which has no shape at all. That is what the Gemara means: where you find Hashem's greatness, His kingship in the world, there you find His humility, the hidden Infinite within it.

This is the aspect of stripping off physicality: when one wants to be included in the will of the Ein Sof, he must nullify his own existence.

This is what is written in the Zohar: Moshe passed away on Shabbos at the time of Minchah, when the Will of all Wills is revealed, the will of the Ein Sof from which all wills receive their life. And this was because Moshe nullified all his existence, as it says, 'And what are we.'

He reads the verse of Moshe's burial: And this is the meaning of 'He buried him in the valley': the valley is ayin, as it says, 'Every valley shall be lifted up.' 'In the land of Moav' is Malchus, for David came from Moav. Moshe passed away into the Ein Sof, into the will within wills, which is the will of the Ein Sof clothed in the wills, in the shapes of the letters, in Malchus; as it says, wherever you find His greatness, Malchus, the wills, there you find the Will, the will of the Ein Sof.

And this is 'opposite Beis Pe'or'. Our Sages said: why is it called Pe'or? Because it opens its mouth wide. When people damage Malchus, it has the power to open its mouth with evil combinations; but Moshe repaired the trait of Malchus, so Pe'or had no power to open its mouth. And 'no man knows': even Moshe himself did not know, for he was nullified before the Ein Sof.

Our summary so far. The humble Torah scholar is ayin, nothingness, so confession before him includes a person in the Infinite and returns kingship to the Will of all Wills. Moshe nullified himself so completely that he passed away at the hour of that Will, and no one knows his resting place, not even he. In the next part: how a living person touches that light and comes back.

— Part 6: Running and Returning —

Part six: running and returning, and the mind that knows Hashem is Elokim.

Rebbe Nachman continues: All this was at his death. But surely in his lifetime too he had this stripping off of physicality and clung to the light of the Ein Sof; but that stripping off was in the manner of 'the living creatures run and return.' For the Holy One, blessed be He, wants our service, as it says, 'You desire praise from clods of earth, from those formed of clay.' So one must not remain that way, until the time the Holy One, blessed be He, Himself comes and takes his soul.

Our explanation. Yechezkel saw the holy creatures running and returning. Rebbe Nachman applies this to a soul: it may rise toward the Infinite, but it must come back, because Hashem wants the service of people made of earth and clay, living in this world. Only at the end of life, when Hashem Himself takes the soul, does the running not return.

Then a teaching about prayer: We see that sometimes a person catches fire in the middle of prayer and says a few words with great fervour. That is Hashem's compassion on him: the light of the Ein Sof opened and shone for him. And when a person sees this flash, even though he himself does not see it, his mazal sees,

at once his soul is set aflame with great cleaving, to bind himself to the light of the Ein Sof. As much as the Ein Sof is revealed, by the number of words that opened and flashed, he says all those words with great cleaving, with self-sacrifice and the nullification of his powers. And at the moment he is nullified before the Ein Sof, he is in the state of 'no man knew': even he himself does not know of himself. But this state must be 'run and return', so that his existence remains.

Our explanation. The Gemara says: even when he himself does not see, his mazal sees, meaning the root of his soul above. In prayer, the light of the Infinite may open for a few words. The person may not understand what happened, but his soul responds, and those words come out with fire and self-sacrifice.

So when he is in the 'return', he must show it to his mind too. For at first, at the time of cleaving, the mind was nullified, as it says, 'no man knew.' When he is in the 'return' and comes back to his existence, he comes back to his mind; and when he comes back to his mind, he knows the oneness of the Ein Sof and His goodness. Then there is no division between Hashem and Elokim, between the attribute of judgment and the attribute of mercy.

Why? For in the Ein Sof there is no change of will, Heaven forbid; changes are only in the change of shapes. But through a person's cleaving to the Ein Sof, where there is no change of will, where the will is simple, an impression of that oneness remains in him afterwards. Then, when he comes to the 'return', the impression shows his mind, so that he knows that all is good and all is one.

Our explanation. Rishimu means an impression, a trace left behind. After a moment of closeness to the Infinite, where there is no difference between mercy and judgment, a trace of that oneness stays with a person. When he comes back to ordinary thinking, that trace lets him know what section one asked for: that everything is good, and everything is one.

This is what Moshe told his generation: 'You have been shown, to know that Hashem is Elokim.' For Moshe is the aspect of ayin, and his generation, who clung to him, were fit to know, that is, to have their minds lit up by the Ein Sof, the Will of all Wills: 'Hashem is Elokim.'

Our summary of section nine. Pouring out the heart before the humble scholar includes a person in the Infinite. There, for a moment, he is nullified. Then he comes back, and an impression of that oneness lights up his mind, until he knows that Hashem is Elokim, that mercy and judgment are one, and that everything is for good. In the next part, Rabbah bar bar Chanah's tale of the great fish.

— Part 7: Rabbah bar bar Chanah's Great Fish —

Part seven: Rabbah bar bar Chanah's tale of the great fish.

Section ten. Rebbe Nachman reads one of the wondrous tales in the Gemara, Bava Basra. And this is the meaning of what Rabbah bar bar Chanah said: Once we were travelling on a ship, and we saw a fish that had a mud-eating creature lodged in its nostril. The waters cast it up and threw it onto the shore. Sixty towns were destroyed by it, sixty towns ate from it, sixty towns salted from it, and from one of its eyeballs they filled three hundred barrels of oil. When we came back after twelve months, we saw them sawing beams from its bones, to rebuild those towns.

Our explanation. The Gemara in Bava Basra records many astonishing tales told by Rabbah bar bar Chanah about his travels by sea and desert. The Sages and the tzaddikim always saw them as hidden teachings. Rebbe Nachman now shows that every detail of this story is the path we have learned: confession, charity, the tzaddik, and the light of the Infinite.

Explanation: ship, sefinah, means importance, the aspect of Malchus: Rabbah bar bar Chanah was investigating with his mind how Israel raise up Malchus.

'And we saw a fish': Israel are called fish, as it says, 'May they multiply like fish in the midst of the land.'

'That had a mud-eater lodged in its nostril': this is the prayer of Israel, as it says, 'And for My praise I will restrain My anger for you.' An unclean creature, that is, impurity, got mixed into his prayer and his service and confused him, so this Jew could not serve wholeheartedly. What did this man do? He did the three things above: binding himself to the tzaddik, giving charity, and confession in words.

Our explanation. The word echtam, I will restrain, in the verse about Hashem's praise, shares its letters with chotem, the nose. So the nose hints at prayer, and the small creature lodged in the fish's nose is some small impurity that keeps confusing a Jew's prayer.

And this is the meaning of: 'It died, and the waters cast it, and they threw it onto the shore.' He mentions the three aspects from the top down:

'It died': this is confession in words, as the Sages said, all who are put to death confess.

'And the waters cast it': this is charity, as it says, 'Send your bread upon the face of the waters,' and, 'Fortunate are you who sow beside all waters.'

'And they threw it onto the shore': the tzaddik is called guda, from geder, a fence, for he fences in the breaches of Israel. So 'they threw it onto the shore': he brought himself close to the tzaddik.

Our summary. The fish is a Jew whose prayer is troubled by a small impurity. It died: he confessed. The waters cast it: he gave charity. And it was thrown onto the shore, the guda, the fence: he came close to the tzaddik. Now we will see what came of it.

And through these three aspects: 'Sixty towns were destroyed by it': through the death, that is, confession in words, he raised Malchus out from among the Other Side, and the tzaddik showed him the straight road,

as it says in the haftarah of Bereishis: 'I will lay waste mountains and hills': a hint at the ruin of the dominion of the nations; 'And I will lead the blind on a road they did not know': the tzaddik showed him a straight road, the aspect of the crossroads above. And sixty towns hints at the rising of Malchus, of which it is written, 'There are sixty queens.'

'Sixty towns ate from it' hints at the two bad traits of animal and speaker, which bring poverty, as above; through charity he repairs them and draws down abundance. That is 'they ate from it'. And sixty towns hints at the sixty mighty ones, from where livelihood comes, as the Sages said, 'the might of the rains.'

'Sixty towns salted from it' hints at the repair of the two bad traits of mineral and plant, through his closeness to the tzaddik, for the tzaddik is an everlasting covenant of salt. Sadness and desires also come from murky blood, and salt draws out bad blood. And sixty towns hints at the sixty letters of the Priestly Blessing, which are in the tzaddik's hand, as it says, 'Blessings are on the head of the tzaddik.'

Our summary. The three groups of sixty towns match the three ways. Sixty destroyed: confession tears down the rule of the nations and raises kingship, and the tzaddik shows the road. Sixty ate: charity repairs idle talk and pride and brings abundance. Sixty salted: closeness to the tzaddik, the covenant of salt, draws out sadness and desire. In the last part: the eye, the oil, and the Ten Commandments.

— Part 8: One Eye of Mercy —

Part eight: one eye of mercy, three hundred barrels of oil, and the first of the Ten Commandments.

The tale continues: 'And from one eyeball they filled three hundred barrels of oil': the barrels of oil are the aspect of daas, knowledge, for the holy anointing oil is the aspect of the intellect.

And three hundred is the aspect of Moshe, the tzaddik making himself small, in the aspect of 'mah', what are we. In three things one must make himself small, as it says, 'Let not the wise man glory in his wisdom, nor the mighty man in his might, nor the rich man in his riches.' So in each of these three he becomes 'mah', nothing,

Our explanation. The name Moshe is made of the letters of mah, what, with a shin in the middle, and shin has the value of three hundred. Mah recalls Moshe's words, 'and what are we', the language of humility. The tzaddik makes himself mah, nothing, in each of the three things people boast of: wisdom, strength and wealth.

and through this he has the stripping off of physicality, and clings to the light of the Ein Sof, where there is no change of will at all, only 'Hashem is Elokim', as above: all is 'Who is good and does good.' And this is 'one eyeball', as brought in the Idra: in the time to come there will be found one eye of mercy: that is, all is 'Who is good and does good.'

So when the tzaddik makes himself 'mah', he binds himself to the one eye of mercy, the Ein Sof. And afterwards, when he returns, in the manner of 'run and return', he draws from the light of the Ein Sof the oneness of the simple will there, by way of his 'mah'. 'Mah' becomes 'me'ah', a hundred, as the Sages said, do not read mah but me'ah; three times 'mah' becomes three hundred. And he draws this light into his mind and intellect: the barrels of oil, which are the intellect, as above.

'You have been shown, to know': he draws the light of the Ein Sof into his mind, so that he knows the oneness, that Hashem is Elokim, and blesses 'Who is good and does good' over everything, as in the time to come.

Then the end of the tale: 'When we came back after twelve months, we saw them sawing from its bones to build those towns': for behind the holiness, which is the twelve tribes through whom Malchus is repaired, behind them is impurity,

and there are people who go out of holiness. This is what the Sage told: he came back to look at those who are 'after twelve months', that is, behind the twelve holy tribes, who leave the community of Israel through their evil deeds.

'We saw them sawing from its bones': that is, through their evil deeds engraved on their bones, the engraving passes from one side to the other, like real sawing.

But because that Jew was stirred to teshuvah by the small creature in his nostril, because he felt a small impurity confusing him, through his teshuvah he causes even these wicked ones to become a seat for holiness,

'and they gave them to build those towns': they too help the servants of Hashem to build those towns.

Our explanation. The story ends with hope. A Jew who was bothered by a small impurity in his prayer did teshuvah through the three ways. That teshuvah is so powerful that even people who had fallen far, whose deeds cut through their bones like a saw, become a support for holiness and help rebuild what was destroyed.

Section eleven. Now Rebbe Nachman returns to the verse at the start, the first of the Ten Commandments. And this is the meaning of 'I am Hashem your Elokim': understand that both Hashem and Elokim are all 'I'. That is, fulfil 'In Hashem I praise the word, in Elokim I praise the word': all is 'Who is good and does good', as above.

'Who brought you out of the land of Egypt': the Midrash says that all the exiles are called by the name of the exile of Egypt, Mitzrayim, because they oppress, metzarim, Israel. That is, through the tzaddik the kingship and dominion of the nations is cancelled, for through this holy Malchus rises out from among them.

'Out of the house of slaves' hints at the cancelling of the bad traits of the four elements, which are called slaves. For all four elements are beneath the sphere of the moon, and the moon is called a servant, as the Zohar brings: 'Behold, My servant shall prosper': this is the moon.

And the Torah closes where it began: That is, through the tzaddik Malchus rises from the Other Side and the bad traits are cancelled, and through this a person comes to the aspect of the World to Come, the aspect of 'In Hashem I praise the word, in Elokim I praise the word.'

Let us review the whole path. To know that everything that happens to you is for your good is a taste of the World to Come. That needs holy kingship raised from exile, through confession in words before a Torah scholar, whose humility, like Moshe's, gives him the power to atone. Confession draws out the bad letters engraved on the bones and builds holiness from them. Seeing the tzaddik, giving charity and confessing are the torch, the dawn and the crossroads on the dark road. And in confession a person touches the Infinite, runs and returns, and comes back knowing that Hashem is Elokim: I am Hashem your Elokim.

Some reflections of our own, not a quotation. When something hard happens, try to say: this too is for my good. Find someone you trust, and say what is in your heart out loud. And give a little charity before you pray.

This has been Likutey Moharan, Torah four. Anochi Hashem Elokecha.

Sources for this Torah

Texts used

Hebrew: Likutei Moharan (Part I), Torah 4, edition 'Likutei Moharan – rabenubook.com', public domain, via Sefaria — https://www.sefaria.org/Likutei_Moharan.4

English: our own paraphrase of the Hebrew, written for these videos. It is not copied from any published translation.

Verses and teachings of the Sages appear only as Rebbe Nachman quotes them inside this Torah.

How the text is shown

The Divine Name is shown as ה' and voiced as Hashem. Other Names are written in the customary form (אֱלֹקִים, קֵ-ל, קָהּ, שַׁ-דַּ-י, אֲדֹ-נָ-י, אֶקְיֶ-ה, צְבָקוֹת). No full Name is written or voiced.

Parenthetical source references inside the printed Hebrew are left off the screen to save space; the citation line names the source instead.

Long paragraphs are shown in consecutive pieces. Every Hebrew word on screen is from the edition above; nothing is reworded.

Cards labelled EXPLANATION (green), and every line marked 'our own reflection — not a quote', are our own words, not quotations.

Notes

Part 3, scene 2: Nevat saw a sign of fire and took it for kingship; the Sages say the kingship was for his son Yerovam.

Every on-screen quotation in the full shiur, by part

Part 1 — Everything Is for Your Good

Scene 4 · Shemos 20:2, as quoted in LM I:4 · paragraph §1.1

אָנֹכִי ה' אֱלֹקֶיךָ אֲשֶׁר הוֹצֵאתִיךָ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם מִבֵּית עֲבָדִים:

EN (our paraphrase): I am Hashem your Elokim, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slaves.

Scene 5 · LM I:4 §1 · paragraph §1.2

כְּשֶׁאָדָם יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁכָּל מְאֹרְעוֹתָיו הֵם לְטוֹבָתוֹ, זֹאת הַבְּחִינָה הִיא מֵעֵין עוֹלָם הַבָּא, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: בַּה' אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר, בֵּאלֹקִים אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר;

EN (our paraphrase): When a person knows that everything that happens to him is for his good, this is a taste of the World to Come, as the verse says: In Hashem I will praise the word; in Elokim I will praise the word.

Scene 7 · LM I:4 §1 · paragraph §1.3

וְזֹאת הַבְּחִינָה הִיא מֵעֵין עוֹלָם הַבָּא, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא יִהְיֶה ה' אֶחָד וְכוּ'. וְהִקְשׁוּ: וְכִי הָאִידְנָא לָאו הוּא אֶחָד. וְתֵרְצוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: הָאִידְנָא מְבָרְכִין עַל הַטּוֹבָה הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב, וְעַל הָרָעָה – דַּיָּן אֱמֶת; וּלֶעָתִיד – כֻּלּוֹ הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב, שֶׁיִּהְיֶה שֵׁם ה' וְשֵׁם אֱלֹקִים אַחְדוּת אֶחָד:

EN (our paraphrase): This level is a taste of the World to Come, as our Sages taught on the verse 'On that day Hashem will be One.' They asked: is He not One today? And they answered: today we bless 'Who is good and does good' over good news, and 'the true Judge' over bad news; but in the future all will be 'Who is good and does good', for the Name Hashem and the name Elokim will be perfectly one.

Scene 9 · LM I:4 §2 · paragraph §2.1

וְזֹאת הַבְּחִינָה אִי אֶפְשָׁר לְהַשִּׂיג אֶלָּא כְּשֶׁמַּעֲלֶה בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת דִּקְדֻשָּׁה מֵהַגָּלוּת מִבֵּין הָעֲכּוּ"ם, כִּי עַכְשָׁו הַמַּלְכוּת וְהַמֶּמְשָׁלָה לְהָעֲכּוּ"ם, וּבִשְׁבִיל זֶה נִקְרָאִים עֲבוֹדַת אֱלִילִים שֶׁלָּהֶם בְּשֵׁם אֱלֹקִים, כִּי יוֹנְקִים מִבְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, הַנִּקְרָא אֱלֹקִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: אֱלֹקִים מַלְכִּי מִקֶּדֶם; וּכְשֶׁמַּעֲלִין בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת מִבֵּין הָעַכּוּ"ם, אֲזַי נִתְקַיֵּם: כִּי מֶלֶךְ כָּל הָאָרֶץ אֱלֹקִים:

EN (our paraphrase): This level can be reached only when one raises holy Malchus, kingship, out of its exile among the nations. For now kingship and dominion belong to the nations, and that is why their idols are called by the name elokim: they draw from Malchus, which is called Elokim, as it says, 'Elokim is my King from of old.' And when Malchus is raised up from among the nations, then 'Elokim is King of all the earth' is fulfilled.

Scene 11 · LM I:4 §3 · paragraph §3.1

וְאִי אֶפְשָׁר לְהָשִׁיב הַמְלוּכָה לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא אֶלָּא עַל יְדֵי וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים לִפְנֵי תַּלְמִיד חָכָם, עַל יְדֵי זֶה מְתַקֵּן וּמַעֲלֶה בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת לְשָׁרְשָׁהּ.

EN (our paraphrase): It is impossible to return the kingship to the Holy One, blessed be He, except through vidui devarim, confession in words, before a Torah scholar. Through this one repairs Malchus and raises it to its root.

Scene 12 · LM I:4 §3 · paragraph §3.2

וְזֶהוּ פֵּרוּשׁ: קְחוּ עִמָּכֶם דְּבָרִים – זֶהוּ וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים, זֶה בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, כְּמוֹ דַּבָּר אֶחָד לְדוֹר. דַּבָּר – לְשׁוֹן מַנְהִיג וּמוֹשֵׁל. וְשׁוּבוּ אֶל ה' – שֶׁיְּתַקְּנוּ וְיַעֲלוּ אֶת הַדְּבָרִים, אֶת בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, בְּחִינַת אֶלֹקִים, אֶל ה', הַיְנוּ כַּנַּ"ל, בַּה' אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר בֵּאלֹקִים אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר, הַיְנוּ שֶׁיֵּדַע שֶׁכָּל מְאֹרְעוֹתָיו כֻּלָּם לְטוֹבָתוֹ וִיבָרֵךְ עַל כָּל הַדְּבָרִים הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב:

EN (our paraphrase): This is the meaning of 'Take words with you' (Hoshea 14:3): this is confession in words, and it is Malchus, as in 'one dabar, one leader, for a generation'; dabar means a leader and ruler. 'And return to Hashem': repair and raise the words, Malchus, the aspect of Elokim, to Hashem. That is, 'In Hashem I praise the word, in Elokim I praise the word': he knows that everything that happens to him is for his good, and blesses 'Who is good and does good' over all of it.

Part 2 — Letters Engraved on the Bones

Scene 2 · LM I:4 §4 · paragraph §4.1

וּכְשֶׁיֵּדַע כָּל זֹאת, נִקְרָא יְדִיעָה שְׁלֵמָה, כִּי עִקַּר הַדַּעַת הוּא אַחְדוּת שֶׁל חַסָדִים וּגְבוּרוֹת, זֶה נִקְרָא דַּעַת, הַיְנוּ שֶׁלֹּא יַחֲלֹק בֵּין חֶסֶד לְדִין, וִיבָרֵךְ עַל כֻּלָּם הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב. וְזֶה נִקְרָא ה' אֶחָד וּשְׁמוֹ אֶחָד, כְּמַאֲמַר חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה, שֶׁלֶּעָתִיד יִהְיֶה אַחְדוּת גָּמוּר, שֶׁיִּהְיֶה כֻּלּוֹ הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב.

EN (our paraphrase): When he knows all this, it is called complete knowledge. For the essence of daas, knowledge, is the unity of kindness and strictness: not to divide between chesed and din, but to bless 'Who is good and does good' over all of them. This is called 'Hashem is One and His Name is One', as the Sages said: in the future there will be complete unity, and all will be 'Who is good and does good.'

Scene 3 · LM I:4 §4 · paragraph §4.2, §4.3

וְזֶה: ה' אֶחָד וּשְׁמוֹ זֶה בְּחִינַת אֱלֹקִים מַלְכוּת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וַיַּעַשׂ דָּוִד שֵׁם: – אֶחָד גִּימַטְרִיָּא אַהֲבָה, הַיְנוּ הֵן ה' שֶׁהוּא רַחֲמִים, הֵן שְׁמוֹ שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת אֱלֹקִים, בְּחִינַת דִּין – כֻּלָּהּ לְטוֹבָתְךָ מֵחֲמַת אַהֲבָה שֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא אוֹהֵב אוֹתְךָ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: אֶת אֲשֶׁר יֶאֱהַב ה' יוֹכִיחַ. וּכְתִיב: רַק אֶתְכֶם יָדַעְתִּי מִכֹּל מִשְׁפְּחוֹת הָאֲדָמָה, עַל כֵּן אֶפְקוֹד עֲלֵיכֶם עֲוֹנוֹתֵיכֶם:

EN (our paraphrase): And this is 'Hashem is One and His Name': His Name is the aspect of Elokim, Malchus, as it says, 'And David made a name.' Echad, one, has the numerical value of ahavah, love. That is: whether Hashem, which is mercy, or His Name, which is Elokim, judgment, it is all for your good, out of the love the Holy One, blessed be He, has for you. As it says, 'Whom Hashem loves He rebukes,' and, 'Only you have I known of all the families of the earth; therefore I will hold you to account for all your sins.'

Scene 5 · LM I:4 §5 · paragraph §5.1

וַעֲוֹנוֹתָיו שֶׁל אָדָם הֵם עַל עַצְמוֹתָיו, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וַתְּהִי עֲוֹנוֹתָם חֲקוּקָה עַל עַצְמוֹתָם, וְכָל עֲבֵרָה יֵשׁ לָהּ צֵרוּף אוֹתִיּוֹת. וּכְשֶׁעָבַר אֵיזֶה עֲבֵרָה, אֲזַי נֶחְקָק צֵרוּף רַע עַל עַצְמוֹתָיו, וְעַל־יְדֵי־זֶה מַכְנִיס בְּחִינַת הַדִּבּוּר שֶׁל הַלָּאו הַזֶּה שֶׁעָבַר בְּתוֹךְ הַטֻּמְאָה, הַיְנוּ שֶׁמַּכְנִיס בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת דַּבָּר אֶחָד לַדּוֹר, הוּא מַכְנִיס אוֹתָהּ בְּתוֹךְ הָעַכּוּ"ם, וְנוֹתֵן לָהֶם מֶמְשָׁלָה.

EN (our paraphrase): A person's sins are upon his bones, as it says, 'Their sins were engraved upon their bones.' Every sin has its own combination of letters. When a person commits a sin, an evil combination is engraved on his bones, and through this he brings the speech of that prohibition into impurity. That is, he brings Malchus, 'one leader for a generation', down among the nations, and gives them dominion.

Scene 6 · LM I:4 §5 · paragraph §5.2

לְמָשָׁל, אִם עָבַר עַל דִבּוּר שֶׁל הַלָּאו לֹא יִהְיֶה לְךָ, אֲזַי מַחֲרִיב הַצֵּרוּף הַטּוֹב שֶׁל הַדִּבּוּר וּבוֹנֶה צֵרוּף רַע, וְנֶחְקָק הַצֵּרוּף הַזֶּה עַל עַצְמוֹתָיו וְנוֹקֵם בּוֹ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: עֲוֹנוֹתֵיכֶם הִטּוּ אֵלֶּה. וּכְתִיב: תְּמוֹתֵת רָשָׁע רָעָה.

EN (our paraphrase): For example, if he transgressed the words of the prohibition 'Lo yihyeh lecha', you shall have no other, he destroys the good combination of those words and builds an evil one. That combination is engraved on his bones and takes revenge on him, as it says, 'Your sins have turned these away,' and, 'Evil will slay the wicked.'

Scene 8 · LM I:4 §5 · paragraph §5.3

וְעַל יְדֵי וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים יוֹצֵא מֵעַצְמוֹתָיו הָאוֹתִיּוֹת הַחֲקוּקִים עֲלֵיהֶם, וְנַעֲשֶׂה מֵהֶם הַדִּבּוּר שֶׁל הַוִּדּוּי, כִּי הַדִּבּוּר יוֹצֵא מֵעַצְמוֹתָיו, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: כָּל עַצְמֹתַי תֹּאמַרְנָה; וּמַחֲרִיב הַבִּנְיָן וְהַצֵּרוּף הָרָע, וּבוֹנֶה מֵהֶם מַלְכוּת דִּקְדֻשָּׁה.

EN (our paraphrase): Through confession in words, the letters engraved on his bones come out of them and become the words of the confession, for speech comes out from the bones, as it says, 'All my bones shall say.' He tears down the evil structure and combination, and from them he builds holy Malchus.

Scene 9 · LM I:4 §5 · paragraph §5.4

וְזֶה שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁהָלְכוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל בַּמִּדְבָּר, הָיוּ עַצְמוֹתָיו שֶׁל יְהוּדָה מְגֻלְגָּלִין, עַד שֶׁאָמַר מֹשֶׁה: שְׁמַע ה' קוֹל יְהוּדָה – שֶׁבִּקֵּשׁ מֹשֶׁה מֵהַקָּדוֹשׁ־ בָּרוּךְ־הוּא, שֶׁיִּזְכֹּר לִיהוּדָה הַוִּדּוּי שֶׁהִתְוַדָּה, וְכֵן הֲוֵי לֵיה. וְזֶה דַּוְקָא עַצְמוֹתָיו הָיוּ מְגֻלְגָּלִין, עַל שֵׁם וַתְּהִי עֲוֹנוֹתָם חֲקוּקָה עַל עַצְמוֹתָם, וְעַל־יְדֵי הַוִּדּוּי נִתְתַּקְּנוּ, וְעָלוּ כָּל חַד לְדוּכְתֵּה.

EN (our paraphrase): This is what our Sages said: while Israel walked in the desert, the bones of Yehudah were rolling about, until Moshe said, 'Hear, Hashem, the voice of Yehudah.' Moshe asked the Holy One, blessed be He, to remember the confession Yehudah had made, and so it was. It was specifically his bones that rolled, because 'their sins were engraved upon their bones'; through the confession they were repaired, and each one rose back to its place.

Scene 10 · LM I:4 §5 · paragraph §5.5

וִיהוּדָה זֶה בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת; רֶמֶז, שֶׁבְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת נִתְתַּקֵּן עַל־יְדֵי וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים,

EN (our paraphrase): And Yehudah is the aspect of Malchus: a hint that Malchus is repaired through confession in words,

Scene 11 · LM I:4 §5 · paragraph §5.6

וְזֶה נַעֲשָׂה עַל־יְדֵי מֹשֶׁה, שֶׁזָּכַר מֹשֶׁה הַוִּדּוּי, כִּי כֵן צָרִיךְ, שֶׁיִּהְיֶה הַוִּדּוּי לִפְנֵי תַּלְמִיד חָכָם, וְכָל תַּלְמִיד חָכָם הוּא בְּחִינַת מֹשֶׁה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ: מֹשֶׁה, שַׁפִּיר קָאֲמַרְתְּ. וּבָזֶה שֶׁזָּכַר מֹשֶׁה הַוִּדּוּי, נַעֲשָׂה כְּאִלּוּ הִתְוַדָּה עַכְשָׁו לִפְנֵי מֹשֶׁה, וְעַל־יְדֵי זֶה נִתְתַּקֵּן בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, וְנֶחֱרַב הַצֵּרוּף הָרָע שֶׁנֶּחְקַק עַל עַצְמוֹתָיו:

EN (our paraphrase): and this was done through Moshe, who recalled the confession. For so it must be: the confession must be before a Torah scholar, and every Torah scholar is an aspect of Moshe, as the Sages said, 'Moshe, you have spoken well.' By Moshe recalling the confession, it was as if Yehudah confessed now before Moshe, and so Malchus was repaired and the evil combination engraved on his bones was destroyed.

Part 3 — Fire, Humility and Atonement

Scene 2 · LM I:4 §6 · paragraph §6.1

וְזֶה בְּחִינַת הַחְזָרַת הַמַּלְכוּת לְשָׁרְשָׁהּ, כִּי שֹׁרֶשׁ הַמַּלְכוּת הוּא אֵשׁ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: לָמָּה טָעָה נְבָט, שֶׁרָאָה שֶׁיָּצָא אֵשׁ מֵאֲמָתוֹ. וְהַתּוֹרָה נִקְרֵאת אֵשׁ, שֶׁמִּשָּׁם הַמַּלְכוּת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: הֲלוֹא כֹּה דְבָרִי כָּאֵשׁ, וּכְתִיב: בִּי מְלָכִים יִמְלֹכוּ. וְעִקַּר הַתּוֹרָה הֵם הַתַּלְמִידֵי חֲכָמִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: כַּמָּה טִפְּשָׁאֵי דְּקַיְמָא מִקַּמֵּי סֵפֶר־תּוֹרָה, וְלָא קַיְמָא מִקַּמֵּי צוּרְבָא מִדְּרַבָּנָן.

EN (our paraphrase): This is returning Malchus to its root, for the root of Malchus is fire. As our Sages said: why did Nevat err? Because he saw fire coming forth from himself. And the Torah is called fire, and kingship comes from it, as it says, 'Is not My word like fire?' and, 'Through me kings reign.' And the heart of the Torah is the Torah scholars, as the Sages said: how foolish are those who stand up before a Sefer Torah but do not stand up before a great Torah scholar.

Scene 4 · LM I:4 §6 · paragraph §6.2

וְזֶהוּ: כָּל דָּבָר אֲשֶׁר יָבֹא בָאֵשׁ, תַּעֲבִירוּ בָאֵשׁ. דָּבָר – זֶה בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, שֶׁנִּמְשָׁךְ בְּתוֹךְ הַטֻּמְאָה, בְּתוֹךְ חֲמִימוּת הַיֵּצֶר, כְּמוֹ: נוּרָא בֵּי עַמְרָם; תַּעֲבִירוּ בָאֵשׁ – תִּקּוּנוֹ עַל־יְדֵי אֵשׁ, הַיְנוּ וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים לִפְנֵי תַּלְמִיד חָכָם כַּנַּ"ל.

EN (our paraphrase): This is 'Every thing that comes into fire, pass it through fire.' Davar, thing, is Malchus, which has been drawn into impurity, into the heat of the evil inclination, as in the Gemara's phrase, 'Fire in the house of Amram.' 'Pass it through fire': its repair is through fire, that is, confession in words before a Torah scholar.

Scene 5 · LM I:4 §6 · paragraph §6.3

וְזֶה לְשׁוֹן עֲבֵרָה, שֶׁהַצֵּרוּף שֶׁל עֲבֵרָה עוֹבֵר בְּתוֹךְ עַצְמוֹתָיו, מֵעֵבֶר אֶל עֵבֶר. וּמִצְוָה לְשׁוֹן הִתְחַבְּרוּת – כְּשֶׁעוֹשֶׂה חֲבִילוֹת חֲבִילוֹת שֶׁל מִצְוֹות, אֲזַי נִתְחַבְּרוּ שִׁבְרֵי עַצְמוֹתָיו, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: שׁוֹמֵר כָּל עַצְמוֹתָיו:

EN (our paraphrase): And this is why a sin is called aveirah: its letter-combination passes through his bones, from one side to the other. And mitzvah means joining: when one does bundle upon bundle of mitzvos, the broken pieces of his bones are joined together, as it says, 'He guards all his bones.'

Scene 7 · LM I:4 §7 · paragraph §7.1

וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ: חֲמַת מֶלֶךְ מַלְאֲכֵי מָוֶת, כִּי חֲמָתוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא – בִּשְׁבִיל הַמַּלְכוּת שֶׁהִשְׁפִּיל עַל־יְדֵי עֲווֹנוֹתָיו; וְאִישׁ חָכָם יְכַפְּרֶנָּה, הַיְנוּ בְּחִינַת תַּלְמִיד חָכָם, בְּחִינַת מֹשֶׁה, הוּא יְכַפֵּר לוֹ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְעֹבֵר עַל פֶּשַׁע לִשְׁאֵרִית – לְמִי שֶׁמֵּשִׂים עַצְמוֹ כְּשִׁירַיִם.

EN (our paraphrase): This is the meaning of 'The wrath of a king is messengers of death, but a wise man will appease it.' The anger of the Holy One, blessed be He, is over the kingship that a person lowered through his sins. 'And a wise man will atone for it': the Torah scholar, the aspect of Moshe, atones for him, as it says, 'He passes over transgression for the remnant': for one who makes himself like leftovers.

Scene 8 · LM I:4 §7 · paragraph §7.2

נִמְצָא, כְּשֶׁבָּא לִפְנֵי תַּלְמִיד חָכָם וּמוֹצִיא כָּל צֵרוּפָיו לִפְנֵי הַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם, וְהַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם הוּא בְּחִינַת מֹשֶׁה, שֶׁמֵּשִׂים עַצְמוֹ כְּשִׁירַיִם, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְהָאִישׁ מֹשֶׁה עָנָו מְאֹד; וְעַל־יְדֵי־זֶה נִקְרָא אִישׁ חָכָם, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְהַחָכְמָה מֵאַיִן תִּמָּצֵא. וּבָזֶה יֵשׁ כֹּחַ לַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם לְכַפֵּר, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְאִישׁ חָכָם יְכַפְּרֶנָּה:

EN (our paraphrase): So when a person comes before a Torah scholar and brings out all his letter-combinations before him, the scholar is the aspect of Moshe, who makes himself like leftovers, as it says, 'The man Moshe was very humble.' Through this he is called a wise man, as it says, 'Wisdom, from where, me'ayin, from nothingness, is it found.' And this gives the Torah scholar the power to atone, as it says, 'and a wise man will atone for it.'

Scene 10 · LM I:4 §7 · paragraph §7.3

וּבִשְׁבִיל זֶה כְּשֶׁהִתְפַּלֵּל מֹשֶׁה עַל חֵטְא הָעֵגֶל, אָמַר: אִם תִּשָּׂא חַטָּאתָם, וְאִם אַיִן מְחֵנִי נָא; כִּי זֶה מִן הַנִּמְנָע, שֶׁלֹּא יָבוֹא לְאָדָם אֵיזֶה גַּדְלוּת, כְּשֶׁשּׁוֹמֵעַ שֶׁמְּסַפְּרִין שִׁבְחוֹ, כָּל שֶׁכֵּן כְּשֶׁמֶּלֶךְ גָּדוֹל מְשַׁבֵּחַ וּמְפָאֵר אֶת הָאָדָם, אֲזַי בְּוַדַּאי מִן הַנִּמְנָע, שֶׁלֹּא יָבוֹא לוֹ אֵיזֶה גַּדְלוּת.

EN (our paraphrase): For this reason, when Moshe prayed over the sin of the Golden Calf, he said, 'If You will bear their sin; and if not, erase me, please.' For it is almost impossible that some pride not come to a person when he hears his praise told; all the more so when a great king praises and glorifies him, it is surely almost impossible that no pride come to him.

Scene 11 · LM I:4 §7 · paragraph §7.3

אֲבָל צָרִיךְ לָזֶה בִּטּוּל כָּל הַרְגָּשׁוֹתָיו וְחָמְרִיּוֹתָיו, אֲזַי יָכוֹל הָאָדָם לִשְׁמֹעַ שִׁבְחוֹ, וְלֹא יָבוֹא לוֹ שׁוּם גַּדְלוּת,

EN (our paraphrase): But for this one needs the nullification of all his feelings and his physicality; then a person can hear his praise and no pride at all comes to him.

Scene 12 · LM I:4 §7 · paragraph §7.3

כְּמוֹ מֹשֶׁה רַבֵּנוּ, שֶׁרָאָה כָּתוּב בַּתּוֹרָה: וַיְּדַבֵּר ה' אֶל מֹשֶׁה, וַיֹּאמֶר ה' אֶל מֹשֶׁה; וְיִשְׂרָאֵל קוֹרְאִין בְּכָל יוֹם בַּתּוֹרָה שִׁבְחוֹ שֶׁל מֹשֶׁה, וְהוּא בְּעַצְמוֹ מְסַפֵּר לָהֶם שְׁבָחָיו, וְלֹא הָיָה לְמֹשֶׁה שׁוּם הִתְפָּאֲרוּת וְגַדְלוּת מִזֶּה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְהָאִישׁ מֹשֶׁה עָנָו מְאֹד, וּבְוַדַּאי עַל־יְדֵי עַנְוְתָנוּתוֹ הָיָה כֹּחַ בְּיַד מֹשֶׁה לְכַפֵּר עֲווֹן־הָעֵגֶל, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְאִישׁ חָכָם יְכַפְּרֶנָּה.

EN (our paraphrase): Like Moshe our teacher, who saw written in the Torah, 'And Hashem spoke to Moshe', 'And Hashem said to Moshe'. Israel read Moshe's praise in the Torah every day, and he himself told them his praises, yet Moshe felt no glory or pride from it, as it says, 'The man Moshe was very humble.' Surely it was through his humility that Moshe had the power to atone for the sin of the Calf, as it says, 'and a wise man will atone for it.'

Scene 13 · LM I:4 §7 · paragraph §7.4

וְזֶה שֶׁטָּעַן מֹשֶׁה: וְאִם אַיִן, הַיְנוּ אִם לֹא תִּשָּׂא חַטָּאתָם, בָּזֶה אַתָּה מַרְאֶה, שֶׁאֵין לִי כָּל כָּךְ עֲנִיווּת, שֶׁאוּכַל לְכַפֵּר לָהֶם עֲווֹן הָעֵגֶל, בְּכֵן בַּקָּשָׁתִי: מְחֵנִי נָא, כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא אֶכָּשֵׁל בְּגַדְלוּת, שֶׁאֲנִי רוֹאֶה וְשׁוֹמֵעַ בְּכָל עֵת סִפּוּר שְׁמִי וְשִׁבְחִי בַּתּוֹרָה, כִּי מִי יוּכַל לַעֲמֹד בָּזֶה, שֶׁיִּשְׁמַע סִפּוּר שִׁבְחוֹ וְלֹא יִתְגָּאֶה, אִם לֹא עָנָו גָּדוֹל; וְאִם אֲנִי עָנָו, צָרִיךְ לְךָ שֶׁתִּשָּׂא חֲטָּאתָם, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְעוֹבֵר עַל פֶּשַׁע לִשְׁאֵרִית וְכוּ':

EN (our paraphrase): This was Moshe's argument: 'And if not': if You do not bear their sin, You show that I do not have enough humility to atone for the sin of the Calf. Then my request is, 'Erase me, please,' so that I do not stumble into pride, since I always see and hear my name and my praise told in the Torah. Who could hear his praise and not grow proud, unless he is very humble? And if I am humble, You must bear their sin, as it says, 'He passes over transgression for the remnant.'

Scene 14 · LM I:4 §7 · paragraph §7.5

וְזֶה: וַיְהִי בִישֻׁרוּן מֶלֶךְ, הַיְנוּ שֶׁמַּלְכוּת עָלָה לְשָׁרְשָׁהּ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וַעֲנָוִים יִרְשׁוּ אָרֶץ, וְאֶרֶץ הִיא דִּינָא דְּמַלְכוּתָא, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְאֶרֶץ מִתְקוֹמָמָה לוֹ:

EN (our paraphrase): And this is 'There was a king in Yeshurun': Malchus rose to its root, as it says, 'The humble shall inherit the land', and land is the law of the kingdom, as it says, 'And the land rises up against him.'

Part 4 — Lost on the Road at Night

Scene 2 · LM I:4 §8 · paragraph §8.1, §8.2

וְזֶהוּ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: מָשָׁל לְאֶחָד, שֶׁהָיָה מְהַלֵּךְ בַּדֶרֶךְ בְּאִישׁוֹן לַיְלָה וַאֲפֵלָה, וּמִתְיָרֵא מִן הַקּוֹצִים וּמִן הַפְּחָתִים וּמֵחַיָּה רָעָה וּמִלִּסְטִים, וְאֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ בְּאֵיזֶה דֶּרֶךְ מְהַלֵּךְ וְכוּ':

EN (our paraphrase): This is what our Sages said: it is like a man walking on the road in the dead of night and in darkness, who is afraid of thorns, of pits, of a wild beast and of robbers, and does not know which road he is walking on.

Scene 3 · LM I:4 §8 · paragraph §8.3

כִּי זֶה יָדוּעַ, שֶׁכָּל הַמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת וְתוֹלְדוֹתֵיהֶן נִמְשָׁכִין מֵאַרְבָּעָה יְסוֹדוֹת, מֵאַרְבַּע מָרוֹת, כַּמּוּבָא בְּמִשְׁנַת חֲסִידִים: עַצְבוּת וְתוֹלְדוֹתֵיהֶן נִמְשָׁכִין מִדּוֹמֵם, תַּאֲווֹת רָעוֹת וְתוֹלְדוֹתֵיהֶן נִמְשָׁכִין מִצּוֹמֵחַ, דְּבָרִים בְּטֵלִים וְתוֹלְדוֹתֵיהֶן נִמְשָׁכִין מֵחַי, גַּאֲוָה וְתוֹלְדוֹתֵיהֶן נִמְשָׁכִין מִמְּדַבֵּר;

EN (our paraphrase): For it is known that all the bad traits and their offshoots come from the four elements, the four humors, as brought in Mishnas Chassidim: sadness and its offshoots come from the mineral level; bad desires and their offshoots from the plant level; idle talk and its offshoots from the animal level; and pride and its offshoots from the speaking level.

Scene 5 · LM I:4 §8 · paragraph §8.4

וּמִי שֶׁרוֹצֶה לֵילֵךְ בְּדֶרֶךְ הַקֹּדֶשׁ, צָרִיךְ לְשַׁבֵּר כָּל הַמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת, וִיסַפֵּר לִפְנֵי הַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם, הַיְנוּ וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים, וְהַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם יְפָרֵשׁ וִיבָרֵר לוֹ דֶּרֶךְ לְפִי שֹׁרֶשׁ נִשְׁמָתוֹ.

EN (our paraphrase): Whoever wants to walk on the road of holiness must break all the bad traits, and tell everything before the Torah scholar, that is, confession in words; and the Torah scholar will explain and clarify a road for him according to the root of his soul.

Scene 6 · LM I:4 §8 · paragraph §8.5

וְיֵשׁ שָׁלֹשׁ בְּחִינוֹת בְּהִתְקָרְבוּת לַצַּדִּיקִים, שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי שָׁלֹשׁ בְּחִינוֹת אֵלּוּ נִתְתַּקֵּן הַכֹּל, וְאֵלּוּ הֵם הַשְּׁלשָׁה בְּחִינוֹת:

EN (our paraphrase): There are three aspects in drawing close to the tzaddikim, and through these three everything is repaired. These are the three:

Scene 7 · LM I:4 §8 · paragraph §8.6

הַבְּחִינָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, כְּשֶׁרוֹאֶה אֶת הַצַּדִּיק, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְהָיוּ עֵינֶיךָ רוֹאוֹת אֶת מוֹרֶיךָ; וְזֹאת הַבְּחִינָה מְבַטֶּלֶת הַמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת הַנִּמְשָׁכִין מִשְּׁנֵי הַיְּסוֹדוֹת דּוֹמֵם צוֹמֵחַ, הַיְנוּ עַצְבוּת וְתוֹלְדוֹתֶיהָ וְתַאֲווֹת רָעוֹת, כִּי צַדִּיק הַדּוֹר נִקְרָא אֵם, עַל שֵׁם שֶׁהוּא מֵינִיק לְיִשְׂרָאֵל בְּאוֹר תּוֹרָתוֹ, וְהַתּוֹרָה נִקְרֵאת חָלָב, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: דְּבַשׁ וְחָלָב תַּחַת לְשׁוֹנֵךְ.

EN (our paraphrase): The first: when one sees the tzaddik, as it says, 'Your eyes shall see your teacher.' This cancels the bad traits drawn from the two elements of mineral and plant: sadness and its offshoots, and bad desires. For the tzaddik of the generation is called a mother, because he nurses Israel with the light of his Torah, and the Torah is called milk, as it says, 'Honey and milk are under your tongue.'

Scene 8 · LM I:4 §8 · paragraph §8.6

וְזֶה אָנוּ רוֹאִים בְּחוּשׁ, כְּשֶׁהַתִּינוֹק הוּא בְּעַצְבוּת וְעַצְלוּת, כְּשֶׁרוֹאֶה אֶת אִמּוֹ הוּא נִתְעוֹרֵר בִּזְרִיזוּת גָּדוֹל לִקְרַאת אִמּוֹ, הַיְנוּ לְשָׁרְשׁוֹ.

EN (our paraphrase): We see this plainly: when a small child is sad and sluggish, as soon as he sees his mother he wakes up and runs eagerly toward her, that is, toward his root.

Scene 9 · LM I:4 §8 · paragraph §8.6

גַּם אָנוּ רוֹאִים בְּחוּשׁ, כְּשֶׁהַתִּינוֹק עוֹסֵק בְּדִבְרֵי שְׁטוּת שֶׁלּוֹ, אַף־עַל־פִּי שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ תַּאֲוָה גְּדוֹלָה לָזֶה, אַף־עַל־פִּי כֵן כְּשֶׁרוֹאֶה אֶת אִמּוֹ, הוּא מַשְׁלִיךְ כָּל תַּאֲווֹתָיו אַחַר כְּתֵפָיו וּמוֹשֵׁךְ אֶת עַצְמוֹ לְאִמּוֹ. נִמְצָא, שֶׁנִּתְבַּטְּלִין הַמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת שֶׁל שְׁנֵי הַיְּסוֹדוֹת דּוֹמֵם צוֹמֵחַ עַל יְדֵי הִסְתַּכְּלוּת פְּנֵי הַצַּדִּיק.

EN (our paraphrase): And we also see plainly: when a child is busy with his silly games, even though he wants them very much, when he sees his mother he throws all his desires behind him and draws himself to her. So the bad traits of the two elements, mineral and plant, are cancelled by gazing at the face of the tzaddik.

Scene 10 · LM I:4 §8 · paragraph §8.7

וְזֶהוּ: וּמִתְיָרֵא מִן הַקּוֹצִים, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת צוֹמֵחַ; וּפְחָתִים – שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת דּוֹמֵם. וּכְשֶׁנִּזְדַּמֵּן לוֹ אֲבוּקָה שֶׁל אוֹר, זֶה תַּלְמִיד חָכָם, שֶׁהוּא אָבִיק בְּאוֹר הַתּוֹרָה, וְעַל־יָדוֹ נִצּוֹל מִמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת שֶׁל שְׁנֵי יְסוֹדוֹת דּוֹמֵם צוֹמֵחַ, וְאָז נִצּוֹל מִן הַקּוֹצִים וּמִן הַפְּחָתִים:

EN (our paraphrase): This is 'He is afraid of the thorns', the plant level, 'and of the pits', the mineral level. When he comes upon a torch of light, that is the Torah scholar, who blazes with the light of the Torah, through him he is saved from the bad traits of the two elements, mineral and plant, and then he is saved from the thorns and the pits.

Scene 12 · LM I:4 §8 · paragraph §8.8

הַבְּחִינָה הַשְּׁנִיָּה, הַצְּדָקָה שֶׁנּוֹתֵן לְתַלְמִיד חָכָם, שֶׁעַל־ יְדֵי־זֶה נִצּוֹל מִמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת שֶׁל שְׁנֵי יְסוֹדוֹת חַי מְדַבֵּר, שֶׁהֵן בְּחִינַת חַיָּה רָעָה וְלִסְטִים, שֶׁהֵן דְּבָרִים בְּטֵלִים וְגַאֲוָה וְתוֹלְדוֹתֵיהֶן. כִּי עַל־יְדֵי דְּבָרִים בְּטֵלִים וְלָשׁוֹן הָרָע בָּא עֲנִיּוּת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: כִּי מֵתוּ כָּל הָאֲנָשִׁים, זֶהוּ עֲנִיּוּת.

EN (our paraphrase): The second aspect: the charity one gives to a Torah scholar. Through it one is saved from the bad traits of the two elements of animal and speaker, which are the wild beast and the robbers: idle talk and pride and their offshoots. For idle talk and evil speech bring poverty, as it says, 'For all the men have died': that means poverty.

Scene 13 · LM I:4 §8 · paragraph §8.8

גַּם בְּגַאֲוָה אָמְרוּ: סִימָן לְגַסּוּת הָרוּחַ – עֲנִיּוּת. וְעַל־יְדֵי צְדָקָה נִתְעַשֵּׁר, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: אִם שְׁלֵמִים וְכֵן רַבִּים וְכֵן נָגוֹזוּ וְעָבַר וְעִנִּיתִיךָ לֹא אֲעַנֵּךְ – שׁוּב אֵין מַרְאִין לוֹ סִימָנֵי עֲנִיּוּת.

EN (our paraphrase): Of pride too they said: a sign of arrogance is poverty. And through charity one becomes rich, as our Sages taught on the verse 'Though they be whole and many, they shall be cut off and pass on; I have afflicted you, I will afflict you no more': once he gives, he is no longer shown signs of poverty.

Scene 14 · LM I:4 §8 · paragraph §8.9

וְזֶהוּ: כֵּיוָן שֶׁעָלָה עַמּוּד הַשַּׁחַר נִצּוֹל מֵחַיָּה רָעָה וּמִלִּסְטִים. עַמּוּד הַשַּׁחַר רֶמֶז לִצְדָקָה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: כִּי תִרְאֶה עָרֹם וְכִסִּיתוֹ וְכוּ', אָז יִבָּקַע כַּשַּׁחַר אוֹרֶךָ. נִמְצָא, עַל־יְדֵי צְדָקָה נִצּוֹל מִמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת שֶׁל שְׁנֵי יְסוֹדוֹת, חַי מְדַבֵּר, שֶׁהֵם בְּחִינַת חַיָּה רָעָה וְלִסְטִים:

EN (our paraphrase): This is: 'Once the pillar of dawn rose, he was saved from the wild beast and the robbers.' The pillar of dawn hints at charity, as it says, 'When you see the naked, cover him... then your light will break forth like the dawn.' So through charity one is saved from the bad traits of the two elements, animal and speaker, the wild beast and the robbers.

Scene 15 · LM I:4 §8 · paragraph §8.10

הַבְּחִינָה הַשְּׁלִישִׁית, כְּשֶׁמִּתְוַדֶּה וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים לִפְנֵי תַּלְמִיד חָכָם, שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי־זֶה הַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם מַדְרִיךְ אוֹתוֹ בְּדֶרֶךְ יָשָׁר לְפִי שֹׁרֶשׁ נִשְׁמָתוֹ,

EN (our paraphrase): The third aspect: when one confesses in words before a Torah scholar, through which the Torah scholar guides him on a straight road according to the root of his soul.

Scene 16 · LM I:4 §8 · paragraph §8.11

וְזֶה: הִגִּיעַ לְפָרָשַׁת דְּרָכִים, וְאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: זֶה תַּלְמִיד חָכָם, וְיוֹם הַמִּיתָה, זֶה בְּחִינַת וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים לִפְנֵי תַּלְמִיד חָכָם; יוֹם הַמִּיתָה רֶמֶז עַל וִדּוּי, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: כָּל הַמּוּמָתִין מִתְוַדִּין. וְזֶה נִקְרָא פָּרָשַׁת־דְּרָכִים, כִּי הַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם מַפְרִישׁ לוֹ דֶּרֶךְ לְפִי שֹׁרֶשׁ נִשְׁמָתוֹ,

EN (our paraphrase): And this is: 'He reached the crossroads.' Our Sages said: this is a Torah scholar and the day of death, which is confession before a Torah scholar. The day of death hints at confession, as our Rabbis said, all who are put to death confess. And it is called a crossroads, because the Torah scholar sets apart a road for him according to the root of his soul.

Scene 17 · LM I:4 §8 · paragraph §8.12

אֲזַי נִצּוֹל מִכֻּלָּם. כִּי קֹדֶם שֶׁהִתְוַדָּה, אַף־עַל־פִּי שֶׁהָיָה אֵצֶל הַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם וְנָתַן לוֹ מָמוֹן, עֲדַיִן אֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ בְּאֵיזֶהוּ דֶּרֶךְ הוּא מְהַלֵּךְ, כִּי יֵשׁ דֶּרֶךְ יָשָׁר לִפְנֵי אִישׁ וְאַחֲרִיתָהּ דַּרְכֵי מָוֶת, אֲבָל כְּשֶׁהִגִּיעַ לְפָרָשַׁת דְּרָכִים, זֶה תַּלְמִיד חָכָם וְיוֹם הַמִּיתָה, הַיְנוּ וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים לִפְנֵי תַּלְמִיד־חָכָם, אֲזַי נִצּוֹל מִכֻּלָּם:

EN (our paraphrase): Then he is saved from all of them. For before he confessed, even though he was with the Torah scholar and gave him money, he still did not know which road he was walking on, for there is a road that seems straight to a man, but its end is the ways of death. But when he reached the crossroads, the Torah scholar and the day of death, that is, confession before a Torah scholar, then he is saved from all of them.

Part 5 — The Will of All Wills

Scene 2 · LM I:4 §9 · paragraph §9.1

וְזֶה בְּכָל פַּעַם שֶׁבָּא אֵצֶל תַּלְמִיד חָכָם וּמְסַפֵּר לְפָנָיו כָּל לִבּוֹ, וְהַתַּלְמִיד חָכָם הוּא בְּחִינַת משֶׁה, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת אַיִן, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְהַחָכְמָה מֵאַיִן תִּמָּצֵא; וְעַל יְדֵי זֶה אַתָּה נִכְלָל בָּאֵין סוֹף.

EN (our paraphrase): And so, each time one comes to a Torah scholar and tells him all that is in his heart, the Torah scholar is the aspect of Moshe, the aspect of ayin, nothingness, as it says, 'Wisdom is found from ayin'; and through this you are included in the Ein Sof, the Infinite.

Scene 3 · LM I:4 §9 · paragraph §9.2

וְזֶה בְּחִינַת: זַרְקָא, דְּאִזְדְּרִיקַת לְאֲתַר דְּאִתְנְטִילַת מִתַּמָּן, שֶׁתַּחֲזִיר אֶת הַמַּלְכוּת לְאֵין סוֹף, שֶׁהוּא רָצוֹן שֶׁבְּכָל הָרְצוֹנוֹת.

EN (our paraphrase): This is the aspect of zarka, the note that is thrown back to the place it was taken from: you return Malchus to the Ein Sof, which is the will within all wills.

Scene 5 · LM I:4 §9 · paragraph §9.2

כִּי הַמַּלְכוּת, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת אוֹתִיּוֹת הַדִּבּוּרִים, כָּל אוֹת וָאוֹת מְלֻבָּשׁ בָּהּ רְצוֹן הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ, שֶׁרְצוֹן הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ הָיָה, שֶׁזֹּאת הָאוֹת יִהְיֶה לָהּ תְּמוּנָה כָּזוֹ, וְאוֹת אַחֶרֶת יִהְיֶה לָהּ תְּמוּנָה אַחֶרֶת. נִמְצָא, שֶׁרְצוֹנוֹת, הַיְנוּ תְּמוּנוֹת אוֹתִיּוֹת, הֵם הִתְגַּלּוּת מַלְכוּתוֹ יִתְבָּרַךְ שְׁמוֹ, וְכָל אֵלּוּ הָרְצוֹנוֹת, הַיְנוּ הַתְּמוּנוֹת, נִמְשָׁכִין מֵרְצוֹן אֵין סוֹף, שֶׁאֵין בּוֹ תְּמוּנָה,

EN (our paraphrase): For Malchus is the letters of speech, and each letter is clothed in the will of Hashem, blessed be He: it was His will that this letter have such a shape and another letter a different shape. So the wills, that is, the shapes of the letters, are the revelation of His kingship, and all these wills and shapes are drawn from the will of the Ein Sof, which has no shape at all.

Scene 6 · LM I:4 §9 · paragraph §9.3

וְכָל הַדְּבָרִים וְהַיֵּשׁוּת שֶׁבָּעוֹלָם הֵם מֵהָאוֹתִיּוֹת, הַיְנוּ מִמַּלְכוּת, כִּי יֵשׁוּת הוּא מֵחֲמַת הַמַּלְכוּת, שֶׁרָצָה הַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא שֶׁיִּתְגַּלֶּה מַלְכוּתוֹ בָּעוֹלָם, וְעַל יְדֵי זֶה בָּרָא אֶת הָעוֹלָם מֵאַיִן לְיֵשׁ, וְכָל הָרְצוֹנוֹת, הַיְנוּ הַתְּמוּנוֹת, וְכָל הַיֵּשׁוּת, הַיְנוּ בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, מְקַבְּלִים חִיּוּתָם מֵרְצוֹן אֵין סוֹף, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ: בְּכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁאַתָּה מוֹצֵא גְּדֻלָּתוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ־ בָּרוּךְ־הוּא, הַיְנוּ מַלְכוּתוֹ, הַיְנוּ רְצוֹנוֹת, שָׁם אַתָּה מוֹצֵא עַנְוְתָנוּתוֹ, הַיְנוּ רְצוֹן אֵין סוֹף.

EN (our paraphrase): And everything and all existence in the world come from the letters, that is, from Malchus. For existence is there because of kingship: the Holy One, blessed be He, wanted His kingship revealed in the world, so He created the world from nothing to something. All the wills, the shapes and all existence receive their life from the will of the Ein Sof, as the Sages said: wherever you find the greatness of the Holy One, blessed be He, His kingship, there you find His humility, the will of the Ein Sof.

Scene 8 · LM I:4 §9 · paragraph §9.4

וְזֶה בְּחִינַת הִתְפַּשְּׁטוּת הַגַּשְׁמִיּוּת, כִּי כְּשֶׁרוֹצֶה לְהִכָּלֵל בִּרְצוֹן אֵין סוֹף, צָרִיךְ לְבַטֵּל אֶת הַיֵּשׁוּת שֶׁלּוֹ.

EN (our paraphrase): This is the aspect of stripping off physicality: when one wants to be included in the will of the Ein Sof, he must nullify his own existence.

Scene 9 · LM I:4 §9 · paragraph §9.5

וְזֶה שֶׁכָּתוּב בַּזֹּהַר, שֶׁהִסְתַּלְּקוּת מֹשֶׁה בְּשַׁבָּת בְּשַׁעְתָּא דְּמִנְחָה, שֶׁאָז הִתְגַּלּוּת רַעֲוָא דְּרַעֲוִין, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת רְצוֹן אֵין סוֹף, שֶׁכָּל הָרְצוֹנוֹת מְקַבְּלִין חִיּוּתָם מִמֶּנּוּ. וְזֶה מֵחֲמַת שֶׁבִּטֵּל משֶׁה כָּל יֵשׁוּתוֹ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְנַחְנוּ מָה.

EN (our paraphrase): This is what is written in the Zohar: Moshe passed away on Shabbos at the time of Minchah, when the Will of all Wills is revealed, the will of the Ein Sof from which all wills receive their life. And this was because Moshe nullified all his existence, as it says, 'And what are we.'

Scene 10 · LM I:4 §9 · paragraph §9.6

וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ: וַיִּקְבֹּר אֹתוֹ בַּגַּיְא – זֶה בְּחִינַת אַיִן, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: כָּל גֶּיא יִנָּשֵׂא; בְּאֶרֶץ מוֹאָב – זֶה בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, שֶׁדָּוִד בָּא מִמּוֹאָב, שֶׁנִּסְתַּלֵּק מֹשֶׁה בְּתוֹךְ אֵין סוֹף, בְּתוֹךְ רָצוֹן שֶׁבָּרְצוֹנוֹת, בְּתוֹךְ רַעֲוָא דְּרַעֲוִין, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת רְצוֹן אֵין סוֹף הַמְלֻבָּשׁ בִּרְצוֹנוֹת, בִּתְמוּנוֹת אוֹתִיּוֹת, בִּבְחִינַת מַלְכוּת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: בְּכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁאַתָּה מוֹצֵא גְּדֻלָּתוֹ, הַיְנוּ מַלְכוּת, בְּחִינַת רַעֲוִין, שָׁם אַתָּה מוֹצֵא רַעֲוָא, רְצוֹן אֵין סוֹף.

EN (our paraphrase): And this is the meaning of 'He buried him in the valley': the valley is ayin, as it says, 'Every valley shall be lifted up.' 'In the land of Moav' is Malchus, for David came from Moav. Moshe passed away into the Ein Sof, into the will within wills, which is the will of the Ein Sof clothed in the wills, in the shapes of the letters, in Malchus; as it says, wherever you find His greatness, Malchus, the wills, there you find the Will, the will of the Ein Sof.

Scene 11 · LM I:4 §9 · paragraph §9.7

וְזֶה: מוּל בֵּית פְּעוֹר – כִּי אָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: לָמָּה נִקְרָא שְׁמוֹ פְּעוֹר, עַל שֵׁם שֶׁפּוֹעֵר פִּיו; כִּי כְּשֶׁפּוֹגְמִין בְּמַלְכוּת, אֲזַי יֵשׁ לוֹ כֹּחַ לִפְעֹר פִּיו בְּצֵרוּפִים רָעִים; אֲבָל משֶׁה, שֶׁתִּקֵּן מִדַּת הַמַּלְכוּת, עַל־יְדֵי זֶה לֹא הָיָה יְכֹלֶת בְּיַד פְּעוֹר לִפְעֹר פִּיו. וְזֶה: וְלֹא יָדַע אִישׁ, אֲפִלּוּ מֹשֶׁה לֹא יָדַע, כִּי נִתְבַּטֵּל לְגַבֵּי אֵין סוֹף.

EN (our paraphrase): And this is 'opposite Beis Pe'or'. Our Sages said: why is it called Pe'or? Because it opens its mouth wide. When people damage Malchus, it has the power to open its mouth with evil combinations; but Moshe repaired the trait of Malchus, so Pe'or had no power to open its mouth. And 'no man knows': even Moshe himself did not know, for he was nullified before the Ein Sof.

Part 6 — Running and Returning

Scene 2 · LM I:4 §9 · paragraph §9.8

וְכָל זֶה הָיָה בְּמוֹתוֹ, אֲבָל בְּוַדַּאי גַּם בְּחַיָּיו הָיָה לוֹ הִתְפַּשְּׁטוּת הַגַּשְׁמִיּוּת, וְהָיָה מְדַבֵּק אֶת עַצְמוֹ בְּאוֹר אֵין סוֹף, אֲבָל הַהִתְפַּשְּׁטוּת הָיָה בִּבְחִינַת: וְהַחַיּוֹת רָצוֹא וָשׁוֹב; כִּי הַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא רוֹצֶה בַּעֲבוֹדָתֵנוּ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְאָבִיתָ תְּהִלָּה מִגּוּשֵׁי עָפָר, מִקְּרוּצֵי חֹמֶר. וּבִשְׁבִיל זֶה צָרִיךְ שֶׁלֹּא יִשָּׁאֵר כֵּן אֶלָּא עַד עֵת שֶׁיָּבוֹא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בְּעַצְמוֹ וְיִטֹּל נִשְׁמָתוֹ.

EN (our paraphrase): All this was at his death. But surely in his lifetime too he had this stripping off of physicality and clung to the light of the Ein Sof; but that stripping off was in the manner of 'the living creatures run and return.' For the Holy One, blessed be He, wants our service, as it says, 'You desire praise from clods of earth, from those formed of clay.' So one must not remain that way, until the time the Holy One, blessed be He, Himself comes and takes his soul.

Scene 4 · LM I:4 §9 · paragraph §9.9

וְזֶה שֶׁאָנוּ רוֹאִים, שֶׁלִּפְעָמִים נִתְלַהֵב אָדָם בְּתוֹךְ הַתְּפִלָּה וְאוֹמֵר כַּמָּה תֵּבוֹת בְּהִתְלַהֲבוּת גָּדוֹל – זֶה בְּחֶמְלַת ה' עָלָיו, שֶׁנִּפְתַּח לוֹ אוֹר אֵין סוֹף וְהֵאִיר לוֹ; וּכְשֶׁרוֹאֶה אָדָם הִתְנוֹצְצוּת הַזֹּאת, אַף־עַל־גַּב דְּאִיהוּ לָא חָזִי – מַזְלֵהּ חָזִי,

EN (our paraphrase): We see that sometimes a person catches fire in the middle of prayer and says a few words with great fervour. That is Hashem's compassion on him: the light of the Ein Sof opened and shone for him. And when a person sees this flash, even though he himself does not see it, his mazal sees,

Scene 5 · LM I:4 §9 · paragraph §9.9

תֵּכֶף נִתְלַהֵב נִשְׁמָתוֹ לִדְבֵקוּת גָּדוֹל, לְדַבֵּק אֶת עַצְמוֹ בְּאוֹר אֵין סוֹף, וּכְשִׁעוּר הִתְגַּלּוּת אֵין סוֹף, לְפִי מִנְיַן הַתֵּבוֹת שֶׁנִּפְתְּחוּ וְהִתְנוֹצְצוּ, כָּל אֵלּוּ הַתֵּבוֹת אוֹמֵר בִּדְבֵקוּת גָּדוֹל וּבִמְסִירַת נַפְשׁוֹ וּבְבִטּוּל כֹּחוֹתָיו, וּבְשָׁעָה שֶׁנִּתְבַּטֵּל לְגַבֵּי אֵין סוֹף, אֲזַי הוּא בִּבְחִינַת: וְלֹא יָדַע אִישׁ, שֶׁאֲפִלּוּ הוּא בְּעַצְמוֹ אֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ מֵעַצְמוֹ. אֲבָל זֹאת הַבְּחִינָה צָרִיךְ לִהְיוֹת רָצוֹא וָשׁוֹב, כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּתְקַיֵּם יֵשׁוּתוֹ.

EN (our paraphrase): at once his soul is set aflame with great cleaving, to bind himself to the light of the Ein Sof. As much as the Ein Sof is revealed, by the number of words that opened and flashed, he says all those words with great cleaving, with self-sacrifice and the nullification of his powers. And at the moment he is nullified before the Ein Sof, he is in the state of 'no man knew': even he himself does not know of himself. But this state must be 'run and return', so that his existence remains.

Scene 7 · LM I:4 §9 · paragraph §9.10

נִמְצָא כְּשֶׁהוּא בִּבְחִינַת וָשׁוֹב, אֲזַי צָרִיךְ לְהַרְאוֹת גַּם לְדַעְתּוֹ, כִּי מִתְּחִלָּה, בִּשְׁעַת דְּבֵקוּת, הָיָה נִתְבַּטֵּל הַדַּעַת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְלֹא יָדַע אִישׁ; וּכְשֶׁהוּא בִּבְחִינַת וָשׁוֹב, שֶׁשָּׁב לְיֵשׁוּתוֹ, אָז שָׁב לְדַעְתּוֹ; וּכְשֶׁשָּׁב לְדַעְתּוֹ, אָז הוּא יוֹדֵעַ אַחְדוּת הָאֵין סוֹף וְטוּבוֹ, וַאֲזַי אֵין חִלּוּק בֵּין ה' לֵאלֹקִים, בֵּין מִדַּת הַדִּין לְמִדַּת הָרַחֲמִים,

EN (our paraphrase): So when he is in the 'return', he must show it to his mind too. For at first, at the time of cleaving, the mind was nullified, as it says, 'no man knew.' When he is in the 'return' and comes back to his existence, he comes back to his mind; and when he comes back to his mind, he knows the oneness of the Ein Sof and His goodness. Then there is no division between Hashem and Elokim, between the attribute of judgment and the attribute of mercy.

Scene 8 · LM I:4 §9 · paragraph §9.11

כִּי בְּאֵין סוֹף אֵין שַׁיָּךְ, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם, שִׁנּוּי רָצוֹן, כִּי הַשִּׁנּוּיִים אֵינוֹ אֶלָּא בְּשִׁנּוּי הַתְּמוּנוֹת, אֲבָל עַל־יְדֵי הַדְּבֵקוּת שֶׁל אָדָם בְּאֵין סוֹף, שֶׁשָּׁם אֵין שִׁנּוּי רָצוֹן, כִּי שָׁם רָצוֹן פָּשׁוּט, וְאַחַר־כָּךְ נִשְׁאָר בּוֹ רְשִׁימוּ מֵאַחְדוּת הַזֹּאת, וְאַחַר־כָּךְ נַעֲשֶׂה בִּבְחִינַת וָשׁוֹב, אֲזַי הָרְשִׁימוּ מַרְאֶה לָדַעַת, שֶׁיֵּדַע שֶׁכֻּלּוֹ טוֹב וְכֻלּוֹ אֶחָד:

EN (our paraphrase): For in the Ein Sof there is no change of will, Heaven forbid; changes are only in the change of shapes. But through a person's cleaving to the Ein Sof, where there is no change of will, where the will is simple, an impression of that oneness remains in him afterwards. Then, when he comes to the 'return', the impression shows his mind, so that he knows that all is good and all is one.

Scene 10 · LM I:4 §9 · paragraph §9.12

וְזֶה שֶׁאָמַר משֶׁה לְדוֹרוֹ: אַתָּה הָרְאֵתָ לָדַעַת כִּי ה' הוּא הָאֱלֹקִים; כִּי משֶׁה הוּא בְּחִינַת אַיִן, וְדוֹרוֹ הַדְּבוּקִים אֵלָיו רָאוּי לָהֶם לָדַעַת, הַיְנוּ לְהָאִיר לַדַּעַת, בְּחִינַת אֵין סוֹף, בְּחִינַת רַעֲוָא דְּרַעֲוִין, בְּחִינַת: ה' הוּא הָאֱלֹקִים:

EN (our paraphrase): This is what Moshe told his generation: 'You have been shown, to know that Hashem is Elokim.' For Moshe is the aspect of ayin, and his generation, who clung to him, were fit to know, that is, to have their minds lit up by the Ein Sof, the Will of all Wills: 'Hashem is Elokim.'

Part 7 — Rabbah bar bar Chanah's Great Fish

Scene 2 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.1, §10.2

וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ: אָמַר רַבָּה בַּר בַּר חָנָא: זִימְנָא חַדָּא הֲוָה קָאַזְלִינָן בִּסְפִינְתָּא, וַחֲזִינָן הַהוּא כַּוְרָא דְּיַתְבָא לֵהּ אָכְלָה טִינָא בְּאוּסְיֵהּ, וְאִדְחוּהוּ מַיָא, וְשַׁדְיוּהוּ לְגוּדָא, וְחָרוּב מִינֵהּ שִׁיתִין מְחוֹזֵי, וְאָכְלוּ מִינֵהּ שִׁיתִין מְחוֹזֵי, וּמָלְחוּ מִינֵהּ שִׁיתִין מְחוֹזֵי, וּמָלְאוּ מֵחַד גַּלְגַּלָא דְּעֵינָא תְּלָת מֵאָה גַּרְבֵּי מִשְׁחָא. וְכִי הַדְרָן לְבָתַר תְּרֵיסַר יַרְחֵי שַׁתָּא, חֲזִינָן דְּהַוָה קָא מְנַסְרֵי מִגַּרְמֵיהּ מְטַלַלְתָּא, וִיהֲבֵי לְמִבְנִינְהוּ הַנָּךְ מְחוֹזֵי:

EN (our paraphrase): And this is the meaning of what Rabbah bar bar Chanah said: Once we were travelling on a ship, and we saw a fish that had a mud-eating creature lodged in its nostril. The waters cast it up and threw it onto the shore. Sixty towns were destroyed by it, sixty towns ate from it, sixty towns salted from it, and from one of its eyeballs they filled three hundred barrels of oil. When we came back after twelve months, we saw them sawing beams from its bones, to rebuild those towns.

Scene 4 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.3, §10.4

פֵּרוּשׁ: סְפִינָה – לְשׁוֹן חֲשִׁיבוּת, בְּחִינַת מַלְכוּת, שֶׁרַבָּה בַּר בַּר חָנָה חָקַר בְּשִׂכְלוֹ אוֹדוֹת הַמַּלְכוּת, אֵיךְ בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל מַעֲלִין אוֹתָהּ.

EN (our paraphrase): Explanation: ship, sefinah, means importance, the aspect of Malchus: Rabbah bar bar Chanah was investigating with his mind how Israel raise up Malchus.

Scene 5 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.5

וַחֲזִינָן הַאי כַּוְרָא – יִשְׂרָאֵל מְכֻנִּין בְּשֵׁם דָּגִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְיִדְגּוּ לָרֹב בְּקֶרֶב הָאָרֶץ.

EN (our paraphrase): 'And we saw a fish': Israel are called fish, as it says, 'May they multiply like fish in the midst of the land.'

Scene 6 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.6

דְּיַתְבָא לֵיהּ אָכְלָא טִינָא בִּנְחִירָיו – זֶה בְּחִינַת תְּפִלָּתָן שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וּתְהִלָּתִי אֶחֱטָם לָךְ; שֶׁנִּתְעָרֵב שֶׁרֶץ, הַיְנוּ טֻמְאָה, בִּתְפִלָּתוֹ וַעֲבוֹדָתוֹ וּבִלְבֵּל אוֹתוֹ, וְלֹא הָיָה יָכוֹל אִישׁ הַיִּשְׂרְאֵלִי הַזֶּה לַעֲבֹד עֲבוֹדָתוֹ תַּמָּה. מֶה עָשָׂה הָאִישׁ הַזֶּה, עָשָׂה שָׁלֹשׁ בְּחִינוֹת הַנַּ"ל, הַיְנוּ הִתְקַשְּׁרוּת לְהַצַּדִּיק, וּנְתִינַת הַצְּדָקָה, וּוִדּוּי דְּבָרִים.

EN (our paraphrase): 'That had a mud-eater lodged in its nostril': this is the prayer of Israel, as it says, 'And for My praise I will restrain My anger for you.' An unclean creature, that is, impurity, got mixed into his prayer and his service and confused him, so this Jew could not serve wholeheartedly. What did this man do? He did the three things above: binding himself to the tzaddik, giving charity, and confession in words.

Scene 8 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.7, §10.8

וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ: וּמֵתָה וְאִידְחוּהוּ מַיָא וְשַׁדְיוּהוּ לְגוּדָא; וְהִזְכִּיר הַשָּׁלֹשׁ בְּחִינוֹת מֵעֵלָּא לְתַתָּא:

EN (our paraphrase): And this is the meaning of: 'It died, and the waters cast it, and they threw it onto the shore.' He mentions the three aspects from the top down:

Scene 9 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.9

וּמֵתָה – זֶה בְּחִינַת וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ: כָּל הַמּוּמָתִין מִתְוַדִּין;

EN (our paraphrase): 'It died': this is confession in words, as the Sages said, all who are put to death confess.

Scene 10 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.10

וְאִדְחוּהוּ מַיָא – זֶה בְּחִינַת צְדָקָה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: שַׁלַּח לַחְמְךָ עַל פְּנֵי הַמַּיִם. וּכְתִיב: אַשְׁרֵיכֶם זוֹרְעֵי עַל כָּל מַיִם.

EN (our paraphrase): 'And the waters cast it': this is charity, as it says, 'Send your bread upon the face of the waters,' and, 'Fortunate are you who sow beside all waters.'

Scene 11 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.11

וְשַׁדְיוּהוּ לְגוּדָא – הַצַּדִּיק נִקְרָא גּוּדָא, לְשׁוֹן גָּדֵר, שֶׁהוּא גּוֹדֵר פִּרְצוֹתֵיהֶן שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל. וְזֶה: וְשַׁדְיוּהוּ לְגוּדָא – שֶׁהִקְרִיב אֶת עַצְמוֹ לַצַּדִּיק.

EN (our paraphrase): 'And they threw it onto the shore': the tzaddik is called guda, from geder, a fence, for he fences in the breaches of Israel. So 'they threw it onto the shore': he brought himself close to the tzaddik.

Scene 13 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.12, §10.13

וְעַל־יְדֵי שָׁלֹשׁ בְּחִינוֹת אֵלּוּ: וְחָרוּב מִינֵהּ שִׁיתִּין מְחוֹזָא – שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי הַמִּיתָה, הַיְנוּ וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים, הֶעֱלָה אֶת הַמַּלְכוּת מִבֵּין הַסִּטְרָא אָחֳרָא, וְהַצַּדִּיק הוֹרָה לוֹ אֶת הַדֶּרֶךְ הַיָּשָׁר,

EN (our paraphrase): And through these three aspects: 'Sixty towns were destroyed by it': through the death, that is, confession in words, he raised Malchus out from among the Other Side, and the tzaddik showed him the straight road,

Scene 14 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.14

כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב בְּהַפְטָרַת בְּרֵאשִׁית: אַחֲרִיב הָרִים וּגְבָעוֹת – רֶמֶז עַל חֻרְבַּן מֶמְשֶׁלֶת הָעַכּוּ"ם; וְהוֹלַכְתִּי עִוְּרִים בְּדֶרֶךְ לֹא יָדָעוּ – זֶה בְּחִינַת שֶׁהַצַּדִּיק הוֹרָה לוֹ דֶּרֶךְ יָשָׁר, זֶה בְּחִינַת פָּרָשַׁת דְּרָכִים, כַּנַּ"ל. וְשִׁיתִין מְחוֹזָא רֶמֶז עַל עֲלִיַּת הַמַּלְכוּת, דִּכְתִיב בָּהּ: שִׁשִּׁים הֵמָּה מְלָכוֹת.

EN (our paraphrase): as it says in the haftarah of Bereishis: 'I will lay waste mountains and hills': a hint at the ruin of the dominion of the nations; 'And I will lead the blind on a road they did not know': the tzaddik showed him a straight road, the aspect of the crossroads above. And sixty towns hints at the rising of Malchus, of which it is written, 'There are sixty queens.'

Scene 15 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.15

וְאָכְלוּ מִינָהּ שִׁיתִין מְחוֹזָא – רֶמֶז עַל שְׁנֵי מִדּוֹת רָעוֹת שֶׁל חַי מְדַבֵּר, שֶׁעַל־יָדוֹ בָּא עֲנִיּוּת כַּנַּ"ל, וְעַל־יְדֵי צְדָקָה מְתַקֵּן אוֹתָם וְיַמְשִׁיךְ שֶׁפַע. וְזֶה: אָכְלוּ מִינֵה. וְשִיתִין מְחוֹזָא – רֶמֶז עַל בְּחִינוֹת שִׁשִּׁים גִּבּוֹרִים, שֶׁמִּשָּׁם בָּא פַּרְנָסָה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ: גְּבוּרוֹת גְּשָׁמִים.

EN (our paraphrase): 'Sixty towns ate from it' hints at the two bad traits of animal and speaker, which bring poverty, as above; through charity he repairs them and draws down abundance. That is 'they ate from it'. And sixty towns hints at the sixty mighty ones, from where livelihood comes, as the Sages said, 'the might of the rains.'

Scene 16 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.16

וּמָלְחוּ מִינָהּ שִׁיתִּין מְחוֹזָא – זֶה רֶמֶז עַל תִּקּוּן שְׁתֵּי מִדּוֹת רָעוֹת, דּוֹמֵם צוֹמֵחַ, עַל־יְדֵי קִרְבָתוֹ לְהַצַּדִּיק, כִּי הַצַּדִּיק הוּא בְּרִית מֶלַח עוֹלָם. גַּם עַצְבוּת וְתַאֲווֹת בָּאִים מִדָּמִים עֲכוּרִים, וְעַל־יְדֵי מֶלַח פּוֹלֵט הַדָּמִים רָעִים. וְשִיתִּין מְחוֹזָא זֶה רֶמֶז עַל שִׁשִּׁים אוֹתִיּוֹת שֶׁבְּבִרְכַּת כֹּהֲנִים שֶׁהֵם בְּיַד הַצַּדִּיק, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: בְּרָכוֹת לְרֹאשׁ צַדִּיק.

EN (our paraphrase): 'Sixty towns salted from it' hints at the repair of the two bad traits of mineral and plant, through his closeness to the tzaddik, for the tzaddik is an everlasting covenant of salt. Sadness and desires also come from murky blood, and salt draws out bad blood. And sixty towns hints at the sixty letters of the Priestly Blessing, which are in the tzaddik's hand, as it says, 'Blessings are on the head of the tzaddik.'

Part 8 — One Eye of Mercy

Scene 2 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.17

וּמָלְאוּ מֵחַד גַּלְגַּלָא דְּעֵינָא תְּלָת מֵאָה גַּרְבֵּי מִשְׁחָא – גַּרְבֵּי מִשְׁחָא זֶה בְּחִינוֹת הַדַּעַת, כִּי שֶׁמֶן מִשְׁחַת קֹדֶשׁ זֶה בְּחִינַת שֵׂכֶל.

EN (our paraphrase): 'And from one eyeball they filled three hundred barrels of oil': the barrels of oil are the aspect of daas, knowledge, for the holy anointing oil is the aspect of the intellect.

Scene 3 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.18

וּתְלָת מֵאָה זֶה בְּחִינוֹת משֶׁה, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת מַה שֶּׁהַצַּדִּיק מַקְטִין אֶת עַצְמוֹ בִּבְחִינַת מָה. בְּשָׁלשׁ בְּחִינוֹת צָרִיךְ לְהַקְטִין אֶת עַצְמוֹ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: אַל יִתְהַלֵּל חָכָם, גִּבּוֹר וְעָשִׁיר. נִמְצָא, שֶׁבְּכָל בְּחִינָה מֵאֵלּוּ שָׁלשׁ בְּחִינוֹת הוּא נַעֲשֶׂה מָה,

EN (our paraphrase): And three hundred is the aspect of Moshe, the tzaddik making himself small, in the aspect of 'mah', what are we. In three things one must make himself small, as it says, 'Let not the wise man glory in his wisdom, nor the mighty man in his might, nor the rich man in his riches.' So in each of these three he becomes 'mah', nothing,

Scene 5 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.19

וְעַל־יְדֵי זֶה יֵשׁ לוֹ הִתְפַּשְּׁטוּת הַגַּשְׁמִיּוּת, וּמִדַּבֵּק בְּאוֹר אֵין סוֹף, שֶׁאֵין שָׁם שׁוּם שִׁנּוּי רָצוֹן, אֶלָּא ה' הוּא הָאֱלֹקִים כַּנַּ"ל, הַיְנוּ כֻּלּוֹ הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב. וְזֶה בְּחִינַת חַד גַּלְגַּלָא דְּעֵינָא, כַּמּוּבָא בְּאִידְרָא: וּלְזִימְנָא דְּאָתִי יִשְׁתַּכַּח בָּה עֵינָא חַד דְּרַחֲמֵי – זֶה בְּחִינַת כֻּלּוֹ הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב.

EN (our paraphrase): and through this he has the stripping off of physicality, and clings to the light of the Ein Sof, where there is no change of will at all, only 'Hashem is Elokim', as above: all is 'Who is good and does good.' And this is 'one eyeball', as brought in the Idra: in the time to come there will be found one eye of mercy: that is, all is 'Who is good and does good.'

Scene 6 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.20

נִמְצָא, כְּשֶׁהַצַּדִּיק עוֹשֶׂה עַצְמוֹ מָה, מְדַבֵּק אֶת עַצְמוֹ לְעֵינָא חַד דְרַחֲמֵי, הַיְנוּ לְאֵין סוֹף; וְאַחַר כָּךְ כְּשֶׁחוֹזֵר, בִּבְחִינַת רָצוֹא וָשׁוֹב, אָז מַמְשִׁיךְ מֵאוֹר אֵין סוֹף הָאַחְדוּת הָרָצוֹן הַפָּשׁוּט שָׁם דֶּרֶךְ הַ"מָּה" שֶׁלּוֹ, וְנַעֲשֶׂה מִמָּה מֵאָה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ: אַל תִּקְרֵי מָה, אֶלָּא מֵאָה, וְנַעֲשֶׂה תְּלָת מֵאָה מִתְּלָת מָה, וּמַמְשִׁיךְ אוֹר הַזֶּה לְדַעְתּוֹ וּלְשִׂכְלוֹ, הַיְנוּ גַּרְבֵּי דְּמִשְׁחָא, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת שֵׂכֶל כַּנַּ"ל.

EN (our paraphrase): So when the tzaddik makes himself 'mah', he binds himself to the one eye of mercy, the Ein Sof. And afterwards, when he returns, in the manner of 'run and return', he draws from the light of the Ein Sof the oneness of the simple will there, by way of his 'mah'. 'Mah' becomes 'me'ah', a hundred, as the Sages said, do not read mah but me'ah; three times 'mah' becomes three hundred. And he draws this light into his mind and intellect: the barrels of oil, which are the intellect, as above.

Scene 7 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.21

אַתָּה הָרְאֵיתָ לָדַעַת, שֶׁמַּמְשִׁיךְ אוֹר אֵין סוֹף לְדַעְתּוֹ, שֶׁיֵּדַע הָאַחְדוּת, שֶׁה' הוּא הָאֱלֹקִים, וִיבָרֵךְ הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב עַל הַכֹּל כְּמוֹ לֶעָתִיד לָבוֹא:

EN (our paraphrase): 'You have been shown, to know': he draws the light of the Ein Sof into his mind, so that he knows the oneness, that Hashem is Elokim, and blesses 'Who is good and does good' over everything, as in the time to come.

Scene 8 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.22

כִּי הַדְרָן וְאָתָאן לְבָתַר תְּרֵיסַר יַרְחֵי שַׁתָּא וְקָחֲזִינָן דְּהַוֵי מְנַסְרָא מִגַּרְמַיְהוּ לְבִנְיָנָא הַנָּךְ מְחוֹזָא – כִּי מֵאֲחוֹרֵי הַקְּדֻשָּׁה, שֶׁהֵם שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂר שְׁבָטִים, שֶׁעַל־יָדָם נִתְתַּקֵּן מַלְכוּת הַנַּ"ל, וְאַחֲרֵיהֶם הוּא הַטֻּמְאָה,

EN (our paraphrase): 'When we came back after twelve months, we saw them sawing from its bones to build those towns': for behind the holiness, which is the twelve tribes through whom Malchus is repaired, behind them is impurity,

Scene 9 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.23

וְיֵשׁ בְּנֵי־אָדָם שֶׁיּוֹצְאִין מֵהַקְּדֻשָּׁה. וְזֶה שֶׁסִּפֵּר הַתַּנָּא, שֶׁהָדַר וְחָזַר לְעַיֵּן בְּאֵלּוּ שֶׁהֵם בָּתַר תְּרֵיסַר יַרְחֵי שַׁתָּא, שֶׁהֵם אֲחוֹרֵי שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂר שְׁבָטִים דִּקְדֻשָּׁה, שֶׁיּוֹצְאִין מִכְּלַל יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל־יְדֵי מַעֲשֵׂיהֶם הָרָעִים.

EN (our paraphrase): and there are people who go out of holiness. This is what the Sage told: he came back to look at those who are 'after twelve months', that is, behind the twelve holy tribes, who leave the community of Israel through their evil deeds.

Scene 10 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.24

וַחֲזִינָן דְּהֲווּ מְנַסְרֵי מִגַּרְמַיְהוּ – הַיְנוּ שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי מַעֲשֵׂיהֶם הָרָעִים הַחֲקוּקִים עַל עַצְמוֹתָם, וְהַחֲקִיקָה עוֹבֵר מֵעֵבֶר לְעֵבֶר כִּנְסִירָה מַמָּשׁ.

EN (our paraphrase): 'We saw them sawing from its bones': that is, through their evil deeds engraved on their bones, the engraving passes from one side to the other, like real sawing.

Scene 11 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.25

אֲבָל עַל־יְדֵי שֶׁאִישׁ הַיִּשְׂרְאֵלִי הַנַּ"ל נִתְעוֹרֵר בִּתְשׁוּבָה עַל־יְדֵי שֶׁרֶץ קָטָן שֶׁבִּנְחִירָיו, עַל־יְדֵי שֶׁהִרְגִּישׁ טֻמְאָה קְטַנָּה שֶׁמְּבַלְבֶּלֶת אוֹתוֹ – עַל־יְדֵי תְּשׁוּבָתוֹ גּוֹרֵם, שֶׁגַּם אֵלּוּ הָרְשָׁעִים נַעֲשׂוּ כִּסֵּא לַקְּדֻשָּׁה,

EN (our paraphrase): But because that Jew was stirred to teshuvah by the small creature in his nostril, because he felt a small impurity confusing him, through his teshuvah he causes even these wicked ones to become a seat for holiness,

Scene 12 · LM I:4 §10 · paragraph §10.26

וִיהָבֵי לְבִנְיָנָא הַנָּךְ מְחוֹזָא – שֶׁעוֹזְרִים גַּם הֵם לְעוֹבְדֵי הַשֵּׁם, שֶׁיִּבְנוּ הַנָּךְ מְחוֹזָא הַנַּ"ל:

EN (our paraphrase): 'and they gave them to build those towns': they too help the servants of Hashem to build those towns.

Scene 14 · LM I:4 §11 · paragraph §11.1, §11.2

וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ: אָנֹכִי ה' אֱלֹקֶיךָ. פֵּרוּשׁ, הֵן ה' הֵן אֱלֹקֶיךָ תָּבִין, שֶׁכָּל זֹאת אָנֹכִי, הַיְנוּ שֶׁתְּקַיֵּם: בַּה' אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר, בֵּאלֹקִים אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר, הַיְנוּ כֻּלּוֹ הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב כַּנַּ"ל;

EN (our paraphrase): And this is the meaning of 'I am Hashem your Elokim': understand that both Hashem and Elokim are all 'I'. That is, fulfil 'In Hashem I praise the word, in Elokim I praise the word': all is 'Who is good and does good', as above.

Scene 15 · LM I:4 §11 · paragraph §11.3

אֲשֶׁר הוֹצֵאתִיךָ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם – דְּאִיתָא בַּמִּדְרָשׁ, כִּי כָּל הַגָּלֻיּוֹת נִקְרָאִים עַל שֵׁם גָּלוּת מִצְרַיִם, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵם מְצֵרִים לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, הַיְנוּ שֶׁעַל יְדֵי הַצַּדִּיק נִתְבַּטֵּל מַלְכוּתָם וּמֶמְשַׁלְתָּם שֶׁל הָעַכּוּ"ם, כִּי עַל־יְדֵי זֶה עוֹלָה מִתּוֹכָם מַלְכוּת דִּקְדֻשָּׁה כַּנַּ"ל.

EN (our paraphrase): 'Who brought you out of the land of Egypt': the Midrash says that all the exiles are called by the name of the exile of Egypt, Mitzrayim, because they oppress, metzarim, Israel. That is, through the tzaddik the kingship and dominion of the nations is cancelled, for through this holy Malchus rises out from among them.

Scene 16 · LM I:4 §11 · paragraph §11.4

מִבֵּית עֲבָדִים – זֶה רֶמֶז עַל בִּטּוּל הַמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת שֶׁל אַרְבַּע יְסוֹדוֹת, הַמְכֻנִּים בְּשֵׁם עֲבָדִים, כִּי כָּל הָאַרְבַּע יְסוֹדוֹת הֵם מִתַּחַת גַּלְגַּל הַיָּרֵחַ, וְהַיָּרֵחַ מְכֻנֶּה בְּשֵׁם עֶבֶד, כַּמּוּבָא בַּזֹּהַר: הִנֵּה יַשְׂכִּיל עַבְדִי – דָּא סִיהַרָא,

EN (our paraphrase): 'Out of the house of slaves' hints at the cancelling of the bad traits of the four elements, which are called slaves. For all four elements are beneath the sphere of the moon, and the moon is called a servant, as the Zohar brings: 'Behold, My servant shall prosper': this is the moon.

Scene 17 · LM I:4 §11 · paragraph §11.5

פֵּרוּשׁ עַל־יְדֵי הַצַּדִּיק עוֹלָה הַמַּלְכוּת מִן הַסִּטְרָא אָחֳרָא, וְנִתְבַּטְּלִים הַמִּדּוֹת רָעוֹת, וְעַל־יְדֵי זֶה הָאָדָם בָּא לִבְחִינַת עוֹלָם הַבָּא, לִבְחִינַת: בַּה' אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר, בֵּאלֹקִים אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר:

EN (our paraphrase): That is, through the tzaddik Malchus rises from the Other Side and the bad traits are cancelled, and through this a person comes to the aspect of the World to Come, the aspect of 'In Hashem I praise the word, in Elokim I praise the word.'

Hebrew phrases in the Explainer

Scene 2 · §1.2: כְּשֶׁאָדָם יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁכָּל מְאֹרְעוֹתָיו הֵם לְטוֹבָתוֹ,

Scene 3 · §1.3: בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא יִהְיֶה ה' אֶחָד

Scene 4 · §2.1: כִּי מֶלֶךְ כָּל הָאָרֶץ אֱלֹקִים:

Scene 5 · §3.2: קְחוּ עִמָּכֶם דְּבָרִים

Scene 6 · §4.2: אֶחָד גִּימַטְרִיָּא אַהֲבָה,

Scene 7 · §5.1: וַתְּהִי עֲוֹנוֹתָם חֲקוּקָה עַל עַצְמוֹתָם,

Scene 8 · §5.3: כָּל עַצְמֹתַי תֹּאמַרְנָה;

Scene 9 · §5.4: שְׁמַע ה' קוֹל יְהוּדָה

Scene 10 · §6.2: כָּל דָּבָר אֲשֶׁר יָבֹא בָאֵשׁ, תַּעֲבִירוּ בָאֵשׁ.

Scene 11 · §7.2: וְאִישׁ חָכָם יְכַפְּרֶנָּה:

Scene 12 · §7.3: אִם תִּשָּׂא חַטָּאתָם, וְאִם אַיִן מְחֵנִי נָא;

Scene 13 · §8.2: שֶׁהָיָה מְהַלֵּךְ בַּדֶרֶךְ בְּאִישׁוֹן לַיְלָה וַאֲפֵלָה,

Scene 14 · §8.6: וְהָיוּ עֵינֶיךָ רוֹאוֹת אֶת מוֹרֶיךָ;

Scene 15 · §8.9: אָז יִבָּקַע כַּשַּׁחַר אוֹרֶךָ.

Scene 16 · §8.11: הִגִּיעַ לְפָרָשַׁת דְּרָכִים,

Scene 17 · §9.1: אַתָּה נִכְלָל בָּאֵין סוֹף.

Scene 18 · §9.8: וְהַחַיּוֹת רָצוֹא וָשׁוֹב;

Scene 19 · §9.11: שֶׁכֻּלּוֹ טוֹב וְכֻלּוֹ אֶחָד:

Scene 20 · §10.5: יִשְׂרָאֵל מְכֻנִּין בְּשֵׁם דָּגִים,

Scene 21 · §10.19: עֵינָא חַד דְּרַחֲמֵי

Scene 22 · §11.2: אָנֹכִי ה' אֱלֹקֶיךָ.

Hebrew phrases in the 1-minute recap

Scene 2 · §1.2: כְּשֶׁאָדָם יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁכָּל מְאֹרְעוֹתָיו הֵם לְטוֹבָתוֹ,

Scene 3 · §3.1: עַל יְדֵי וִדּוּי דְּבָרִים לִפְנֵי תַּלְמִיד חָכָם,

Scene 4 · §5.1: וַתְּהִי עֲוֹנוֹתָם חֲקוּקָה עַל עַצְמוֹתָם,

Scene 5 · §8.11: הִגִּיעַ לְפָרָשַׁת דְּרָכִים,

Scene 6 · §9.12: אַתָּה הָרְאֵתָ לָדַעַת כִּי ה' הוּא הָאֱלֹקִים;

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