לִקּוּטֵי מוֹהֲרַ״ןLikutei Moharan · Shiurim
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וַיֹּאמֶר ה' אֶל משֶׁה קְרָא אֶת

Silence, Teshuvah and True Honour

True honour, the honour of Elokim, comes to one who runs away from honour, and it is reached only through teshuvah, whose heart is staying silent when insulted: turning dam, blood, into dom, stillness. Teshuvah never ends: with every new understanding we return even for our earlier teshuvah, rising without standing still and falling without despair. The Rebbe draws all this in the shape of the aleph and in the verse 'call Yehoshua', and Reb Noson's notes link it to the kavanos of Elul and to judging every Jew favourably, for each is a crown for Hashem.

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🎧 Listen to the full shiur audio · 48 min 57 s · 22.4 MB

1-minute recap 1 min 13 s · 7.2 MB

Explainer 8 min 5 s · 47.8 MB

Full shiur 48 min 57 s · 82.6 MB

Watch or download in 10 parts
  1. Part 1: Two Kinds of Honour 4 min 57 s▶ Play⬇ 8.0 MB
  2. Part 2: From Dam to Dom: Blood Becomes Silence 4 min 42 s▶ Play⬇ 7.7 MB
  3. Part 3: Teshuvah upon Teshuvah, in Two Worlds 4 min 27 s▶ Play⬇ 7.8 MB
  4. Part 4: Running and Returning, and the Shape of the Aleph 5 min 32 s▶ Play⬇ 9.3 MB
  5. Part 5: Moshe and Yehoshua, Sun and Moon 4 min 29 s▶ Play⬇ 7.6 MB
  6. Part 6: Rivers of Oil, and Israel on the Throne 4 min 39 s▶ Play⬇ 7.9 MB
  7. Part 7: Call Yehoshua: The Verse, and the Kavanos of Elul 6 min 19 s▶ Play⬇ 10.5 MB
  8. Part 8: Never Stand Still, Never Despair 4 min 1 s▶ Play⬇ 6.9 MB
  9. Part 9: Two Expertises, Two Names, One Way 5 min 11 s▶ Play⬇ 9.1 MB
  10. Part 10: Every Jew Is a Crown for Hashem 4 min 41 s▶ Play⬇ 7.9 MB
הַמָּקוֹר · Original text 3,331 words
א׳

לְשׁוֹן רַבֵּנוּ זִכְרוֹנוֹ לִבְרָכָה וַיֹּאמֶר ה' אֶל משֶׁה קְרָא אֶת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וְכוּ': (דברים לא)

א כִּי צָרִיךְ כָּל אָדָם לְמַעֵט בִּכְבוֹד עַצְמוֹ וּלְהַרְבּוֹת בִּכְבוֹד הַמָּקוֹם, כִּי מִי שֶׁרוֹדֵף אַחַר הַכָּבוֹד אֵינוֹ זוֹכֶה לִכְבוֹד אֱלֹקִים, אֶלָּא לְכָבוֹד שֶׁל מְלָכִים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בּוֹ (משלי כ״ה:ב׳): כְּבֹד מְלָכִים חֲקֹר דָּבָר; וְהַכֹּל חוֹקְרִים אַחֲרָיו וְשׁוֹאֲלִים: מִי הוּא זֶה וְאֵיזֶהוּ, שֶׁחוֹלְקִים לוֹ כָּבוֹד הַזֶּה, וְחוֹלְקִים עָלָיו, שֶׁאוֹמְרִים שֶׁאֵינוֹ רָאוּי לַכָּבוֹד הַזֶּה.

אֲבָל מִי שֶׁבּוֹרֵחַ מִן הַכָּבוֹד, שֶׁמְּמַעֵט בִּכְבוֹד עַצְמוֹ וּמַרְבֶּה בִּכְבוֹד הַמָּקוֹם – אֲזַי הוּא זוֹכֶה לְכָבוֹד אֱלֹקִי, וְאָז אֵין בְּנֵי־אָדָם חוֹקְרִים עַל כְּבוֹדוֹ, אִם הוּא רָאוּי אִם לָאו, וְעָלָיו נֶאֱמַר (שם): כְּבֹד אֱלֹקִים הַסְתֵּר דָּבָר; כִּי אָסוּר לַחֲקֹר עַל הַכָּבוֹד הַזֶּה:

ב׳

ב וְאִי אֶפְשָׁר לִזְכּוֹת לַכָּבוֹד הַזֶּה אֶלָּא עַל־יְדֵי תְּשׁוּבָה. וְעִקַּר הַתְּשׁוּבָה – כְּשֶׁיִּשְׁמַע בִּזְיוֹנוֹ יִדֹּם וְיִשְׁתֹּק,

כִּי לֵית כָּבוֹד בְּלֹא כָּ"ף. וְהַכָּ"ף הוּא כֶּתֶר, בְּחִינַת אֶקְיֶ-ה, בְּחִינַת תְּשׁוּבָה,

כִּי אֶקְיֶ-ה דָּא אָנָא זָמִין לְמֵהֱוֵי, הַיְנוּ קֹדֶם הַתְּשׁוּבָה, עֲדַיִן אֵין לוֹ הֲוָיָה, כְּאִילוּ עַדֲיִן לֹא נִתְהַוָּה בָּעוֹלָם, כִּי טוֹב לוֹ שֶׁלֹּא נִבְרָא מִשֶּׁנִּבְרָא, וּכְשֶׁבָּא לְטַהֵר אֶת עַצְמוֹ וְלַעֲשׂוֹת תְּשׁוּבָה, אָז הוּא בִּבְחִינַת אֶקְיֶ-ה, הַיְנוּ שֶׁיִּהְיֶה לוֹ הֲוָיָה בָּעוֹלָם, הַיְנוּ אֲנָא זָמִין לְמֶהְוֵי.

וְזֶה בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר, כִּי כֶּתֶר לְשׁוֹן הַמְתָּנָה, בְּחִינַת תְּשׁוּבָה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (יומא לח: לט.): הַבָּא לִטָּהֵר מְסַיְּעִין לוֹ. מָשָׁל לְאֶחָד, שֶׁבָּא לִקְנוֹת אֲפַרְסְמוֹן, אוֹמְרִים לוֹ: הַמְתֵּן וְכוּ'. וְזֶה בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (איוב ל״ו:ב׳): כַּתַּר לִי זְעֵיר וַאֲחַוֶּךָּ;

אֲבָל קֹדֶם הַתְּשׁוּבָה אֲזַי בְּחִינַת אֶקְיֶ-ה בְּהַסְתָּרַת פָּנִים מִמֶּנּוּ, כִּי עֲדַיִן לֹא הֵכִין אֶת עַצְמוֹ לְמֶהְוֵי בָּעוֹלָם, וְהַסְתָּרַת פְּנֵי אֶקְיֶ-ה גִּימַטְרִיָּא דָּם, הַיְנוּ שְׁפִיכוּת דָּמִים וּבִזְיוֹנוֹת, עַל שֵׁם (שמואל־א ב): וּבֹזַי יֵקָלּוּ; כִּי עֲדַיִן הַדָּם שֶׁבֶּחָלָל הַשְּׂמָאלִי שֶׁבַּלֵּב, שֶׁשָּׁם מְדוֹר הַיֵּצֶר הָרָע, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (קהלת י׳:ב׳): וְלֵב כְּסִיל לִשְׂמֹאלוֹ; עֲדַיִן הוּא בְּתֹקֶף וָעֹז, וּבִשְׁבִיל זֶה בָּאִין עָלָיו בִּזְיוֹנוֹת וּשְׁפִיכוּת דָּמִים, כִּי זֶה בְּחִינַת הַסְתָּרַת וְהַחְזָרַת פְּנֵי אקי"ה, גִּימַטְרִיָּא דָּם.

וְתִקּוּן לָזֶה – שֶׁיַּהֲפֹךְ דַּם לְדֹם, שֶׁיִּהְיֶה מִן הַשּׁוֹמְעִים חֶרְפָּתָם וְאֵינָם מְשִׁיבִים, וְלֹא יְדַקְדֵּק עַל בִּזְיוֹן כְּבוֹדוֹ; וּכְשֶׁמְּקַיֵּם דֹּם לַה', אָז הַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא מַפִּיל לוֹ חֲלָלִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (תהילים ל״ז:ז׳): דּוֹם לַה' וְהִתְחוֹלֵל לוֹ וְהוּא יַפִּיל לְךָ חֲלָלִים (כְּמוֹ שֶׁדָּרְשׁוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זַ"ל גִטִּין ז.), הַיְנוּ: וְלִבִּי חָלַל בְּקִרְבִּי (תהילים ק״ט:כ״ב), הַיְנוּ עַל־יְדֵי־זֶה נִתְמַעֵט הַדָּם שֶׁבֶּחָלָל הַשְּׂמָאלִי,

וְזֶה בְּחִינַת זְבִיחַת הַיֵּצֶר הָרָע, וְעַל־יְדֵי־זֶה זוֹכֶה לְכָבוֹד אֱלֹקִי, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (שם נ): זֹבֵחַ תּוֹדָה יְכַבְּדָנְנִי; וְדָרְשׁוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (סנהדרין מג:) עַל זְבִיחַת הַיֵּצֶר הָרָע:

ג׳

ג וְצָרִיךְ לֶאֱחֹז תָּמִיד בְּמִדַּת הַתְּשׁוּבָה, כִּי מִי יֹאמַר זִכִּיתִי לִבִּי, טָהַרְתִּי מֵחַטָּאתִי (משלי כ׳:ט׳); כִּי בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁאָדָם אוֹמֵר: חָטָאתִי, עָוִיתִי, פָּשַׁעְתִּי – אֲפִלּוּ זֶה אִי אֶפְשָׁר לוֹמַר בְּבַר לֵבָב בְּלִי פְּנִיָּה.

(וְזֶהוּ: מִי יֹאמַר זִכִּיתִי לִבִּי, טָהַרְתִּי מֵחַטָּאתִי, הַיְנוּ מִי יוּכַל לוֹמַר, שֶׁלִבּוֹ זַךְ וְטָהוֹר מִפְּנִיּוֹת, אֲפִלּוּ בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁאוֹמֵר: חָטָאתִי וְכוּ'. וְזֶהוּ: מִי יֹאמַר וְכוּ': טָהַרְתִּי מֵחַטָּאתִי, הַיְנוּ שֶׁיִּהְיֶה טָהוֹר מִן הֶ"חָטָאתִי, עָוִיתִי, פָּשַׁעְתִּי" שֶׁאָמַר, כִּי גַּם אָז אֵינוֹ זַךְ וְטָהוֹר בְּלִי פְּנִיּוֹת כַּנַּ"ל).

נִמְצָא, שֶׁצָּרִיךְ לַעֲשׂוֹת תְּשׁוּבָה עַל הַתְּשׁוּבָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, הַיְנוּ עַל "חָטָאתִי, עָוִיתִי, פָּשַׁעְתִּי" שֶׁאָמַר, כִּי עָלָיו נֶאֱמַר (ישעיהו כ״ט:י״ג): בִּשְׂפָתָיו כִּבְּדוּנִי; כִּי עַל־יְדֵי תְּשׁוּבָה זוֹכֶה לִכְבוֹד ה'; וְלִבּוֹ רִחַק מִמֶּנִּי.

וַאֲפִלּוּ אִם יוֹדֵעַ אָדָם בְּעַצְמוֹ, שֶׁעָשָׂה תְּשׁוּבָה שְׁלֵמָה, אַף עַל־פִּי־כֵן צָרִיךְ לַעֲשׂוֹת תְּשׁוּבָה עַל תְּשׁוּבָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, כִּי מִתְּחִלָּה, כְּשֶׁעָשָׂה תְּשׁוּבָה, עָשָׂה לְפִי הַשָּׂגָתוֹ, וְאַחַר־כָּךְ בְּוַדַּאי כְּשֶׁעוֹשֶׂה תְּשׁוּבָה, בְּוַדַּאי הוּא מַכִּיר וּמַשִּׂיג יוֹתֵר אֶת הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ. נִמְצָא לְפִי הַשָּׂגָתוֹ שֶׁמַּשִּׂיג עַכְשָׁו, בְּוַדַּאי הַשָּׂגָתוֹ הָרִאשׁוֹנָה הוּא בִּבְחִינַת גַּשְׁמִיּוּת, נִמְצָא שֶׁצָּרִיךְ לַעֲשׂוֹת תְּשׁוּבָה עַל הַשָּׂגָתוֹ הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, עַל שֶׁהִתְגַּשֵּׁם אֶת רוֹמְמוּת אֱלֹקוּתוֹ.

וְזֶה בְּחִינַת עוֹלָם הַבָּא, שֶׁיִּהְיֶה כֻּלּוֹ שַׁבָּת, הַיְנוּ כֻּלּוֹ תְּשׁוּבָה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (דברים ל): וְשַׁבְתָּ עַד ה' אֱלֹקֶיךָ; כִּי עִקָּר עוֹלָם הַבָּא הוּא הַשָּׂגַת אֱלֹקוּתוֹ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (ירמיהו ל״א:ל״ד): וְיֵדְעוּ אוֹתִי לְמִקְּטַנָּם וְעַד גְּדוֹלָם. נִמְצָא, בְּכָל עֵת שֶׁיַּשִּׂיגוּ הַשָּׂגָה יְתֵרָה, אֲזַי יַעֲשׂוּ תְּשׁוּבָה עַל הַהַשָּׂגָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה.

וְזֶה שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (שם בסנהדרין): כָּל הַזּוֹבֵחַ אֶת יִצְרוֹ – הַיְנוּ בְּחִינַת תְּשׁוּבָה, בְּחִינַת: וְלִבִּי חָלָל בְּקִרְבִּי, בְּחִינַת דֹּם לַה', בְּחִינַת אקי"ה, בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר, בְּחִינַת כָּבוֹד, כַּנַּ"ל, וּמִתְוַדֶּה עָלָיו – הַיְנוּ שֶׁמִּתְוַדֶּה עַל זְבִיחַת יִצְרוֹ, הַיְנוּ שֶׁעוֹשֶׂה תְּשׁוּבָה עַל תְּשׁוּבָתוֹ וְהַשָּׂגָתוֹ הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, כְּאִלּוּ כִּבְּדוֹ לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בִּשְׁנֵי עוֹלָמוֹת. כִּי תְּשׁוּבָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, בְּחִינַת כְּבוֹד עוֹלָם הַזֶּה, וְאַחַר הַתְּשׁוּבָה, שֶׁזּוֹכֶה לְהַשָּׂגָה יְתֵרָה וּמַכִּיר בְּיוֹתֵר אֶת רוֹמְמוּת אֱלֹקוּתוֹ, וְעוֹשֶׂה תְּשׁוּבָה עַל תְּשׁוּבָתוֹ – זֹאת הַתְּשׁוּבָה הוּא בְּחִינַת כְּבוֹד עוֹלָם הַבָּא.

וְזֶה שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (פסחים נ.): אוֹר יְקָרוֹת וְקִפָּאוֹן (זכריה י״ד:ו׳) – אוֹר שֶׁהוּא יָקָר בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה יִהְיֶה קָפוּי וְקַל לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא. נִמְצָא, בָּעוֹלָם הַבָּא, כְּשֶׁיִּזְכּוּ לְהַשָּׂגָה יְתֵרָה בֶּאֱלֹקוּתוֹ, בְּוַדַּאי יִתְחָרְטוּ וְיַעֲשׂוּ תְּשׁוּבָה עַל הַשָּׂגַת עוֹלָם הַזֶּה, כִּי הַשָּׂגַת עוֹלָם הַזֶּה בִּבְחִינַת גֶּשֶׁם נֶגֶד הַשָּׂגַת עוֹלָם הַבָּא,

וְזֶה כְּאִלּוּ כִּבְּדוֹ לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא בִּשְׁנֵי עוֹלָמוֹת, כִּי הַזְבִיחַת הַיֵּצֶר הִיא תְּשׁוּבָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, הוּא בְּחִינַת כְּבוֹד עוֹלָם הַזֶּה, וְהַוִּדּוּי עַל זְבִיחַת הַיֵּצֶר, הַיְנוּ תְּשׁוּבָה שְׁנִיָּה, הִיא בְּחִינַת כְּבוֹד עוֹלָם הַבָּא, שֶׁהַכָּבוֹד הָרִאשׁוֹן נַעֲשָׂה קָפוּי וְקַל נֶגֶד הַכָּבוֹד הַשֵּׁנִי.

וְזֶה שֶׁאוֹמֵר הַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא (תהילים נ׳:כ״א): אֵלֶּה עָשִׂיתָ וְהֶחֱרַשְׁתִּי, דִּמִּיתָ הֱיוֹת אֶהְיֶה כָמוֹךָ; כִּי הָאָדָם עַל־יְדֵי שֶׁמַּחֲרִישׁ, נַעֲשֶׂה בְּחִינַת אקי"ה כַּנַּ"ל, אֲבָל הַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא, מַה שֶּׁמַּחֲרִישׁ לָאָדָם, אֵין זֶה בִּשְׁבִיל אקי"ה, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם, כִּי זֶה אֵין שַׁיָּךְ אֵצֶל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, אֵין זֶה אֶלָּא כְּדֵי שֶׁיְּקַבְּלוּ עָנְשָׁם בָּעוֹלָם הַבָּא, שֶׁאָז מְסַדְּרִין לְעֵינָיו עֲווֹנוֹתָיו, וְיוֹכִיחַ אוֹתוֹ עַל פָּנָיו, וְזֶה: אוֹכִיחֲךָ וְאֶעֶרְכָה לְעֵינֶיךָ:

ד׳

ד וּכְשֶׁרוֹצֶה אָדָם לֵילֵךְ בְּדַרְכֵי הַתְּשׁוּבָה, צָרִיךְ לִהְיוֹת בָּקִי בַּהֲלָכָה, וְצָרִיךְ לִהְיוֹת לוֹ שְׁנֵי בְּקִיאוּת, הַיְנוּ בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא, בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: זַכָּאָה מַאן דְּעַיֵל וְנָפִיק (זוהר ויקהל ריג: האזינו רצב.). וְזֶה בְּחִינַת (תהילים קל״ט:ח׳): אִם אֶסַּק שָׁמַיִם שָׁם אָתָּה – בְּחִינַת עַיֵל, בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא; וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךּ – בְּחִינַת וְנָפִיק, בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב.

וְזֶה (שיר השירים ו׳:ג׳): אֲנִי לְדוֹדִי וְדוֹדִי לִי. אֲנִי לְדוֹדִי – זֶה בְּחִינַת עַיֵל, וְדוֹדִי לִי – זֶה בְּחִינַת וְנָפִיק. [וְזֶה סוֹד כַּוָּנַת אֱלוּל], וְזֶה עִקַּר כְּבוֹדוֹ.

וְזֶה (ישעיהו נ״ח:י״ג): וְכִבַּדְתּוֹ מֵעֲשׂוֹת דְּרָכֶיךָ. דְּרָכֶיךָ – לְשׁוֹן רַבִּים, הַיְנוּ עַיֵל וְנָפִיק, וּכְשֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ אֵלּוּ הַשְּׁנֵי בְּקִיאוּת הַנַּ"ל, אֲזַי הוּא הוֹלֵךְ בְּדַרְכֵי הַתְּשׁוּבָה וְזוֹכֶה לִכְבוֹד ה', כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְכִבַּדְתּוֹ מֵעֲשׂוֹת דְּרָכֶיךָ; הַיְנוּ שֶׁזּוֹכֶה לְכֶּתֶר, כִּי לֵית כָּבוֹד בְּלֹא כָּף, וְאָז יְמִין ה' פְּשׁוּטָה לְקַבֵּל תְּשׁוּבָתוֹ.

[וְזֶה סוֹד כַּוָּנַת אֱלוּל]:

ה׳

ה וְעַל־יְדֵי הַדְּמִימָה וְהַשְּׁתִיקָה נַעֲשֶׂה בְּחִינַת חִירִיק, כַּמּוּבָא בְּתִּקּוּנִים (בהקדמה דף ז.). וְתַחַת רַגְלָיו כְּמַעֲשֵׂה לִבְנַת הַסַּפִּיר (שמות כ״ד:י׳) – דָּא חִירִיק, וְזֶה בְּחִינַת (ישעיהו ס״ו:א׳): וְהָאָרֶץ הֲדֹם רַגְלָי – הֲדֹם זֶה בְּחִינַת דְּמִימָה. וְזֶה בְּחִינַת הַנְּקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה שֶׁל תְּמוּנַת א.

וּנְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה שֶׁעַל הָאָלֶף זֶה בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר, בְּחִינַת (יחזקאל א׳:כ״ו): וּמִמַּעַל לָרָקִיעַ אֲשֶׁר עַל רֹאשָׁם אֶבֶן סַפִּיר דְּמוּת כִּסֵּא, דְּמִתְכַּסְיָא לְעֵילָא מִוָּא"ו שֶׁבָּאָלֶ"ף, דְמִתְקַרְיָא רָקִיעַ (שם בתיקונים), וְהַנְּקֻדָּה הִיא כִּסֵּא דְּמִתְכַּסְיָא, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (חגיגה יג.): בַּמֻּפְלָא מִמְּךָ אַל תִּדְרֹשׁ, וּבַמְכֻסֶּה מִמְּךָ אַל תַּחְקֹר. וְזֶה בְּחִינַת: כְּבוֹד אֱלֹקִים הַסְתֵּר דָּבָר, בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר.

וְהַוָא"ו שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הָאָלֶף, הוּא רָקִיעַ, שָׁמַיִם, אֵשׁ וּמַיִם, בְּחִינַת הַבּוּשָׁה, שֶׁנִּשְׁתַּנָּה פָּנָיו לְכַמָּה גְּוָנִין. וְזֶה בְּחִינַת רָקִיעַ, כְּלָלִיּוּת הַגְּוָנִין,

וְנַעֲשֶׂה עַל־יְדֵי־ זֶה אָדָם לָשֶׁבֶת עַל הַכִּסֵּא, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (שם ביחזקאל): וּדְמוּת כְּמַרְאֵה אָדָם עָלָיו מִלְמָעְלָה; כִּי לֵית אָדָם בְּלֹא אָלֶ"ף (שם). וְזֶה אוֹתִיּוֹת אָדָם, אָלֶ"ף דֹּם, הַיְנוּ עַל־יְדֵי דֹּם לַה', נַעֲשֶׂה אָלֶ"ף, וְנַעֲשֶׂה אָדָם לָשֶׁבֶת עַל הַכִּסֵּא.

כִּי הַוָּא"ו שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הָאָלֶף הוּא רָקִיעַ, כְּלָלִיּוּת הַגְּוָנִין, הַיְנוּ הַבּוּשָׁה, כַּנַּ"ל. וְהַנְּקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה הִיא הַשְּׁתִיקָה וְהַדְּמִימָה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְהָאָרֶץ הֲדֹם רַגְלָי; וְזֶה בְּחִינַת חִירִיק, בְּחִינַת: וְתַחַת רַגְלָיו, וְהַנְּקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה הוּא כִּסֵּא דְּמִתְכַּסְיָא, בְּחִינַת תְּשׁוּבָה, בְּחִינַת: כְּבוֹד אֱלֹקִים הַסְתֵּר דָּבָר, בְּחִינַת: בַּמְּכֻסֶּה מִמְּךָ אַל תַּחְקֹר, בְּחִינַת: וּמִמַּעַל לָרָקִיעַ דְּמוּת כִּסֵּא וְכוּ'; וְנַעֲשֶׂה אָדָם לָשֶׁבֶת עַל הַכִּסֵּא, בְּחִינַת: כְּמַרְאֵה אָדָם עָלָיו מִלְמָעְלָה.

וְאָז נַעֲשֶׂה יִחוּד בֵּין חַמָּה לִלְבָנָה, שֶׁהַשֶּׁמֶשׁ מֵאִיר לַלְּבָנָה, וְנַעֲשֶׂה יִחוּד בֵּין משֶׁה וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ, כִּי (ב"ב עה.) פְּנֵי מֹשֶׁה כִּפְנֵי חַמָּה, וְדָא נְּקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה, בְּחִינַת כִּסֵּא, בְּחִינַת משֶׁה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (תהלים פט): וְכִסְאוֹ כַּשֶּׁמֶשׁ נֶגְדִּי, בְּחִינַת: וּמִמַּעַל לָרָקִיעַ דְּמוּת כִּסֵּא;

וְהַנְּקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה הִיא יְהוֹשֻׁעַ, בְּחִינַת לְבָנָה, בְּחִינַת: וְתַחַת רַגְלָיו כְּמַעֲשֵׂה לִבְנַת – דָּא לְבָנָה,

וְהַוָּא"ו שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הָאָלֶף הוּא הָרָקִיעַ, הוּא בְּחִינַת הָאֹהֶל, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (שמות ל״ג:י״א): וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ בִּן נוּן לֹא יָמִישׁ מִתּוֹךְ הָאֹהֶל; וְאֹהֶל הוּא רָקִיעַ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (ישעיהו מ׳:כ״ב): וַיִּמְתָּחֵם כָּאֹהֶל לָשָׁבֶת, וּכְתִיב (תהילים ק״ד:ב׳): נוֹטֶה שָׁמַיִם כַּיְּרִיעָה, וְזֶה (שמות כו): יְרִיעוֹת הָאֹהֶל.

וְכִסֵּא הָעֶלְיוֹן, הַיְנוּ נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה, נֶחְלֶקֶת לְשָׁלֹשׁ טִפִּין. כִּי תְּשׁוּבָה צָרִיךְ לִהְיוֹת בְּשָׁלֹשׁ תְּנָאִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (ישעיהו ו׳:י׳): פֶּן יִרְאֶה בְעֵינָיו, וּבְאָזְנָיו יִשְׁמָע, וּלְבָבוֹ יָבִין וְשָׁב.

וְאֵלּוּ הַשָּׁלֹשׁ בְּחִינוֹת הֵם נְקֻדַּת סֶגּוֹ"ל, וְסֶגּוֹל דָּא חַמָּה (תיקונים בהקדמה דף ז:), הַיְנוּ: פְּנֵי משֶׁה כִּפְנֵי חַמָּה:

ו׳

ו וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ:

אָמַר רַבָּה בַּר בַּר חָנָה: זִימְנָא חַדָּא הֲוָה אַזְלִינָן בְּמַדְבְּרָא, וַחֲזִינָן הַנֵי אַוָּזֵי דִּשְׁמִיטָן גַּדְפַיְהוּ מִשָּׁמְנַּיְהוּ, וְקָא נַגְדֵּי נַחֲלֵי דְּמִשְׁחָא מִתּוּתַיְהוּ. וְאַמִּינָא לְהוּ: אִית לִי מִנַּיְכוּ חוּלְקָא לְעַלְמָא דְּאָתִי. חַדָּא דַּלְיָא לִי אַטְמָא, וְחַדָּא דַּלְיָא לִי גַּדְפָא. כִּי אֲתָאִי לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר, אָמַר לִי: עֲתִידִין יִשְׂרָאֵל לִתֵּן עֲלֵיהֶם אֶת הַדִּין:

שֶׁהָלַךְ לַחֲקֹר בַּמִּדָּה הַטּוֹבָה שֶׁל עֲנָוָה, שֶׁאָדָם מֵשִׂים עַצְמוֹ כַּמִּדְבָּר לָדוּשׁ, שֶׁהַכֹּל דָּשִׁין עָלָיו.

וְרָאָה חֲכָמִים, וְזֶה בְּחִינַת אַוָּזֵי, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (ברכות נז:): הָרוֹאֶה אַוָּז בַּחֲלוֹם, יְצַפֶּה לְחָכְמָה.

דִּשְׁמִיטָן גַּדְפַיְהוּ – פֵּרֵשׁ רַשִׁ"י: נוֹצוֹת. זֶה בְּחִינַת מַחֲלֹקֶת וּבִזְיוֹנוֹת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (דברים כ״ה:י״א): כִּי יִנָּצוּ אֲנָשִׁים; הַיְנוּ שֶׁאֵין מַשְׁגִּיחִין עַל מַחֲלֹקֶת וּבִזְיוֹנוֹת שֶׁמְּבַזִּין אוֹתָן, וְשׁוֹמְעִים חֶרְפָּתָן וְאֵינָם מְשִׁיבִים. וְעַל שֵׁם הַשְּׁתִיקָה נִקְרָאִים חֲכָמִים, כִּי סְיָג לַחָכְמָה – שְׁתִיקָה (אבות פ"ג). [כִּי הַשְּׁתִיקָה הִיא בְּחִינוֹת כֶּתֶר].

וְזֶה לְשׁוֹן דִּשְׁמִיטָּן, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (דברים ט״ו:ב׳): שָׁמוֹט כָּל בַּעַל מַשֵּׁה יָדוֹ, הַיְנוּ שֶׁלֹּא יִתְבַּע עֶלְבּוֹנוֹ.

וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ מִשַּׁמְנַּיְהוּ מִלְּשׁוֹן: שָׁמַנְתָּ עָבִיתָ, (כְּלוֹמַר מֵחֲמַת שֶׁאוֹחֲזִין עַצְמָן בִּבְחִינַת (דברים ל״ב:ט״ו) שָׁמַנְתָּ עָבִיתָ), הַיְנוּ בִּשְׁבִיל זֶה שׁוֹמְעִין חֶרְפָּתָן וְאֵינָם מְשִׁיבִים, כִּי זֶה עוֹשִׂין בִּשְׁבִיל תְּשׁוּבָה עַל עֲווֹנוֹתָם, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (שם): וַיִּשְׁמַן יְשֻׁרוּן, (בְּחִינַת הַשְׁמֵן לֵב כוּ', וְאָזְנָיו כוּ', פֶּן יִרְאֶה כוּ', שֶׁהַתְּשׁוּבָה צָרִיךְ לִהְיוֹת בִּשְׁלֹשָׁה תְּנָאִים אֵלּוּ).

וְנַגְדֵּי נַחֲלֵי דְּמִשְׁחָא מִתְּחוֹתַיְהוּ – הַיְנוּ עַל־יְדֵי הַשְּׁתִיקָה זוֹכִין לְכָבוֹד אֱלֹקִי, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת שֶׁמֶן, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (תהילים מ״ה:ח׳): אָהַבְתָּ צֶּדֶק וַתִּשְׂנָא רֶשַׁע, עַל־כֵּן מְשָׁחֲךָ; וְזֶה בְּחִינַת (שם כד): מֶלֶךְ הַכָּבוֹד.

וְאַמִּינָא לְהוּ: אִית לִי מִנַּיְכוּ חוּלְקָא לְעַלְמָא דְּאָתִי, חַדָּא דַּלְיָא לִי אַטְמָא – זֶה בְּחִינַת: וְהָאָרֶץ הֲדֹם רַגְלָי, בְּחִינַת נְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה, כַּנַּ"ל.

וְחַדָּא דַּלְיָא לִי כָּנָף – זֶה בְּחִינַת כִּסֵּא, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (ישעיהו ל׳:כ׳): וְלֹא יִכָּנֵף עוֹד מוֹרֶיךָ, זֶה בְּחִינַת הַנְּקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה.

הַיְנוּ שֶׁהֶרְאוּ לְרַבָּה בַּר בַּר חַנָה, שֶׁגַּם הוּא זָכָה לְאֵלּוּ הַבְּחִינוֹת.

אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר: עֲתִידִין יִשְׂרָאֵל לִתֵּן עֲלֵיהֶם אֶת הַדִּין, כִּי יִשְׂרָאֵל נִקְרָאִים אָדָם, וְקוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא וְיִשְׂרָאֵל כֻּלָּא חַד. וְיִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁהֵם בְּחִינַת אָדָם, יֵשְׁבוּ עַל הַכִּסֵּא, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְעַל הַכִּסֵּא דְּמוּת כְּמַרְאֵה אָדָם; וְיִשְׂרָאֵל יִתְּנוּ דִּין לְכָל בָּאֵי עוֹלָם, הַיְנוּ הֵם יִשְׁפְּטוּ בְּעַצְמָן כָּל הַדִּינִין:

ז׳

ז וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ: (תהלים מז):

יַדְבֵּר עַמִּים תַּחְתֵּינוּ וּלְאֻמִּים תַּחַת רַגְלֵינוּ – זֶה בְּחִינַת חִירִיק, נְּקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה שֶׁל אָלֶף, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת: וְתַחַת רַגְלָיו, בְּחִינַת: וְהָאָרֶץ הֲדֹם רַגְלָי.

יִבְחַר לָנוּ אֶת נַחֲלָתֵנוּ – זֶה בְּחִינַת מֹשֶׁה, בְּחִינַת נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה שֶׁל הָאָלֶף, בְּחִינַת: וּמִמַּעַל לָרָקִיעַ דְּמוּת כִּסֵּא, וְכִסְאוֹ כַּשֶּׁמֶשׁ, פְּנֵי מֹשֶׁה כִּפְנֵי חַמָּה, כְּמַאֲמַר חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (זבחים קיט.): ר' שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר: נַחֲלָה – זוֹ שִׁילֹה; שִׁילֹה – דָּא משֶׁה (זוהר בראשית כה: ובתיקון כא).

אֶת גְּאוֹן יַעֲקֹב – זֶה בְּחִינַת וָא"ו שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ אָלֶ"ף, בְּחִינַת אֹהֶל, בְּחִינַת אוֹר, שֶׁמֹּשֶׁה מֵאִיר לִיהוֹשֻׁעַ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (בראשית כה): וְיַעֲקֹב אִישׁ תָּם יוֹשֵׁב אֹהָלִים:

וְזֶה בְּחִינַת (סנהדרין כ:) שְׁלֹשָׁה דְּבָרִים שֶׁנִּצְטַוּוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁיְּכַלּוּ זַרְעוֹ שֶׁל עֲמָלֵק, זֶה בְּחִינַת: יַדְבֵּר עַמִּים תַּחְתֵּינוּ; וּלְמַנּוֹת לָהֶם מֶלֶךְ, זֶה בְּחִינַת: גְּאוֹן יַעֲקֹב, בְּחִינַת (במדבר כד): דָּרַךְ כּוֹכָב מִיַּעֲקֹב, בְּחִינַת מֶלֶךְ; וְלִבְנוֹת לָהֶם בֵּית הַבְּחִירָה, זֶה בְּחִינַת משֶׁה, בְּחִינַת דַּעַת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (ברכות לג.): מִי שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ דֵּעָה, כְּאִלּוּ נִבְנָה בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ בְּיָמָיו, וְזֶה בְּחִינַת: יִבְחַר לָנוּ אֶת נַחֲלָתֵנוּ:

(מִסִּימָן ד' עַד כָּאן – לְשׁוֹן רַבֵּנוּ זִכְרוֹנוֹ לִבְרָכָה)

ח׳

וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ:

וַיֹּאמֶר ה' אֶל משֶׁה קְרָא אֶת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ. משֶׁה הוּא נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה, וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ הוּא נְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה.

וְהִתְיַצְּבוּ בְּאֹהֶל – זֶה בְּחִינַת הָרָקִיעַ, בְּחִינַת הַוָּא"ו שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הָאָלֶ"ף.

וַאֲצַוֶּנּוּ – כִּי משֶׁה הָיָה צָרִיךְ אָז לִמְסֹר הַכֹּל לִיהוֹשֻׁעַ, וְאֵין שִׁלְטוֹן בְּיוֹם הַמָּוֶת (קהלת ח, ח), כִּי בִּשְׁעַת הִסְתַּלְּקוּת הַצַּדִּיק אֵין לוֹ שְׁלִיטָה וְכֹחַ לְהָאִיר לִיהוֹשֻׁעַ, עַל כֵּן דִּיֵּק: וַאֲצַוֶּנּוּ – אֲנִי בְּעַצְמִי, כִּי חָזְרָה הַמֶּמְשָׁלָה לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא:

ט׳

וּכְלָל כָּל הָעִנְיָן כָּלוּל בִּתְמוּנַת אָלֶ"ף, שֶׁהוּא נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה, וְנְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה וְוָא"ו. וְדוֹק מְאֹד.

וְהוּא עִנְיָן שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה, שֶׁקֹּדֶם כְּנִיסַת יִשְׂרָאֵל לָאָרֶץ הֻזְהֲרוּ לְקַיֵּם שָׁלֹשׁ מִצְווֹת: לְהַכְרִית זַרְעוֹ שֶׁל עֲמָלֵק, וְלִבְנוֹת לָהֶם בֵּית הַבְּחִירָה, וּלְמַנּוֹת מֶלֶךְ.

לְהַכְרִית זַרְעוֹ שֶׁל עֲמָלֵק הִיא בְּחִינַת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ, נְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה, כִּי עִקַּר מְחִיַּת עֲמָלֵק תָּלוּי בִּיהוֹשֻׁעַ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (שמות יז): צֵא הִלָּחֵם בַּעֲמָלֵק, וְכַמְּבֹאָר בַּזֹּהַר הָעִנְיָן (בשלח דף סה:).

וְלִבְנוֹת בֵּית הַבְּחִירָה הוּא בְּחִינַת משֶׁה, נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה, כִּי מִי שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ דֵּעָה, כְּאִלּוּ נִבְנֶה בֵּית־הַמִּקְדָּשׁ בְּיָמָיו, וּמשֶׁה הוּא בְּחִינַת הַדַּעַת.

וּלְמַנּוֹת מֶלֶךְ הוּא בְּחִינַת רָקִיעַ, הַוָּא"ו שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הָאָלֶ"ף, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: דָּרַךְ כּוֹכָב מִיַּעֲקֹב, שֶׁקָּאִי עַל שֶׁיָּקוּם מֶלֶךְ מִיַּעֲקֹב, וְדָרַךְ כּוֹכָב הוּא בְּחִינַת רָקִיעַ, שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת. וְהַיְנוּ מִיַּעֲקֹב, כִּי יַעֲקֹב אִישׁ תָּם יֹשֵׁב אֹהָלִים, בְּחִינַת רָקִיעַ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וַיִּמְתָּחֵם כָּאֹהֶל, כַּמְּבֹאָר בַּזֹּהַר, שֶׁיַּעֲקֹב הוּא בְּחִינָת וָא"ו,

כִּי שָׁלֹשׁ מִצְווֹת אֵלּוּ הֵם בְּחִינַת תְּשׁוּבָה, וְהָבֵן. (מִן "וּכְלָל" עַד כָּאן כָּפוּל לְעֵיל בְּשִׁנּוּי לָשׁוֹן קְצָת):

י׳

שַׁיָּךְ לְעֵיל,

וְזֶה סוֹד כַּוָּנוֹת אֱלוּל. שָׁמַעְתִּי קְצָת כְּטִפָּה מִן הַיָּם. עַיֵּן שָׁם בַּכַּוָּנוֹת שֶׁל אֱלוּל, מְבֹאָר שָׁם, שֶׁכְּלָל כַּוָּנוֹת אֱלוּל הוּא, "הַנּוֹתֵן בַּיָּם דֶּרֶךְ" – שֶׁצְּרִיכִין לְהָאִיר בְּחִינַת דֶּרֶךְ בַּיָּם וְכוּ', וְזֶה הַדֶּרֶךְ הוּא בְּחִינַת שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים הַשֵּׁם יב"ק, כִּי שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים יב"ק עוֹלֶה דֶּרֶךְ, וְזֶה נִמְשָׁךְ מִבְּחִינַת שְׁנֵי שֵׁמוֹת, שֶׁהֵם קס"א ס"ג, כִּי אֵלּוּ שְׁנֵי שֵׁמוֹת קס"א ס"ג הֵם עוֹלִים בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים יב"ק, שֶׁהוּא בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא דֶּרֶךְ כַּנַּ"ל.

וְצָרִיךְ לְכַוֵּן שֵׁם קס"א בְּסֶגּוֹל, וְשֵׁם ס"ג בְּחִירִיק.

וְסֶגּוֹל דְקס"א וְחִירִיק דְס"ג הֵם עוֹלִים תָּי"ו, כִּי שֵׁם קס"א הוּא שֵׁם אקי"ק בְּמִלּוּאוֹ כָּזֶה: אל"ף ק"י יו"ד ק"י, שֶׁהֵם יוּ"ד אוֹתִיּוֹת, וְכָל אַחַת נְקֻדָּה בְּסֶגּוֹל, וְסֶגּוֹל הוּא שָׁלֹשׁ נְקֻדּוֹת, וְעַל כֵּן הוּא עוֹלֶה שְׁלֹשִׁים, וְעַל כֵּן יוּ"ד פְּעָמִים סֶגּוֹל עוֹלֶה שִׁי"ן, וְס"ג הֵם יוּ"ד אוֹתִיּוֹת שֶׁל מִלּוּי הֲוָיָ"ה, יו"ד ק"י וא"ו ק"י, וְכָל אַחַת נְקֻדָּה בְּחִירִיק, עוֹלֶה ק',

וּשְׁנֵיהֶם, חִירִיק דְס"ג וְסֶגּוֹל דְקס"א עוֹלִים יַחַד תָּי"ו, בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא פְּשׁוּטָה, וְאָז עַל־יְדֵי כָּל בְּחִינוֹת הַנַּ"ל, הַיָּמִין פְּשׁוּטָה לְקַבֵּל תְּשׁוּבָתוֹ,

כִּי יָמִין בְּמִלּוּאוֹ עוֹלֶה דֶּרֶךְ עִם הַשָּׁלֹשׁ אוֹתִיּוֹת, שֶׁהוּא שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים יב"ק וְכוּ', עַיֵּן שָׁם. כָּל זֶה מְבֹאָר מִתּוֹךְ כַּוָּנַת אֱלוּל:

י״א

וְעַתָּה בּוֹא וּרְאֵה וְהָבֵן אֵיךְ כָּל הַכַּוָּנוֹת הַנַּ"ל מְרֻמָּזִים וְנֶעֱלָמִים בְּדֶרֶךְ נִפְלָא וְנוֹרָא מְאֹד בְּתוֹךְ הַתּוֹרָה הַנַּ"ל. כִּי מְבֹאָר שָׁם, שֶׁמִּי שֶׁרוֹצֶה לַעֲשׂוֹת תְּשׁוּבָה, צָרִיךְ שֶׁיִּהְיֶה לוֹ שְׁנֵי בְּקִיאוּת, הַיְנוּ בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת עַיֵל וְנָפִיק, בְּחִינַת: אִם אֶסַּק שָׁמַיִם שָׁם אָתָּה, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא, וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךָ, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב וְכוּ', כַּמְבֹאָר לְעֵיל, עַיֵּן שָׁם.

וְהַפֵּרוּשׁ הַפָּשׁוּט הוּא, שֶׁמִּי שֶׁרוֹצֶה לֵילֵךְ בְּדַרְכֵי הַתְּשׁוּבָה, צָרִיךְ לַחֲגֹר מָתְנָיו, שֶׁיִּתְחַזֵּק עַצְמוֹ בְּדַרְכֵי ה' תָּמִיד, בֵּין בַּעֲלִיָּה בֵּין בִּירִידָה, שֶׁהֵם בְּחִינַת: אִם אֶסַּק שָׁמַיִם וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל וְכוּ'; הַיְנוּ בֵּין שֶׁיִּזְכֶּה לְאֵיזוֹ עֲלִיָּה, לְאֵיזוֹ מַדְרֵגָה גְּדוֹלָה, אַף־עַל־פִּי־כֵן אַל יַעֲמֹד שָׁם, וְלֹא יִסְתַּפֵּק עַצְמוֹ בָּזֶה, רַק צָרִיךְ שֶׁיִּהְיֶה בָּקִי בָּזֶה מְאֹד לֵידַע וּלְהַאֲמִין שֶׁהוּא צָרִיךְ לָלֶכֶת יוֹתֵר וְיוֹתֵר וְכוּ', שֶׁזֶּהוּ בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא, בִּבְחִינַת עַיֵל, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת: אִם אֶסַּק שָׁמַיִם שָׁם אָתָּה.

וְכֵן לְהֵפֶךְ, שֶׁאֲפִלּוּ אִם יִפֹּל, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם, לְמָקוֹם שֶׁיִּפֹּל, אֲפִלּוּ בִּשְׁאוֹל תַּחְתִּיּוֹת, גַּם כֵּן אַל יִתְיָאֵשׁ עַצְמוֹ לְעוֹלָם, וְתָמִיד יְחַפֵּשׂ וִיבַקֵּשׁ אֶת הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ, וִיחַזֵּק עַצְמוֹ בְּכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁהוּא בְּכָל מַה שֶׁיּוּכַל, כִּי גַּם בִּשְׁאוֹל תַּחְתִּיוֹת נִמְצָא הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ, וְגַם שָׁם יְכוֹלִין לְדַּבֵּק אֶת עַצְמוֹ אֵלָיו יִתְבָּרַךְ, וְזֶה בְּחִינַת: וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךָּ; וְזֶה בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב, כִּי אִי אֶפְשָׁר לֵילֵךְ בְּדַרְכֵי הַתְּשׁוּבָה, כִּי אִם כְּשֶׁבָּקִי בִּשְׁנֵי הַבְּקִיאוּת הָאֵלּוּ.

וְדִקְדֵּק רַבֵּנוּ זִכְרוֹנוֹ לִבְרָכָה, וְקָרָא עִנְיָן זֶה בִּלְשׁוֹן בָּקִי, כִּי הִיא בְּקִיאוּת גָּדוֹל מְאֹד מְאֹד, שֶׁיִּזְכֶּה לֵידַע לְיַגֵּעַ עַצְמוֹ וְלִטְרֹחַ בַּעֲבוֹדַת ה' תָּמִיד, וּלְצַפּוֹת בְּכָל עֵת לְהַגִּיעַ לְמַדְרֵגָה גָּבוֹהַּ יוֹתֵר, וְאַף־עַל־פִּי־כֵן אַל יִפֹּל מִשּׁוּם דָּבָר, וַאֲפִלּוּ אִם יִהְיֶה אֵיךְ שֶׁיִּהְיֶה, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם, אַף־עַל־פִּי־כֵן אַל יִפֹּל בְּדַעְתּוֹ כְּלָל, וִיקַיֵּם וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךָּ, כַּנַּ"ל:

י״ב

וְעַל־פִּי סוֹד נֶעְלָם בָּזֶה סוֹד כַּוָּנוֹת אֱלוּל הַנַּ"ל, כִּי בָּקִי הוּא בְּחִינַת שֵׁם יב"ק הַנַּ"ל, שֶׁהוּא אוֹתִיּוֹת בָּקִי, וְזֶה שֶׁזּוֹכֶה לִשְׁנֵי הַבְּקִיאוּת הַנַּ"ל, שֶׁהֵם שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים בָּקִי, דְּהַיְנוּ בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב, עַל־יְדֵי־זֶה זוֹכֶה לְדֶרֶךְ הַתְּשׁוּבָה, כִּי שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים בָּקִי, שֶׁהֵם בְּחִינַת שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים יב"ק הַנַּ"ל, עוֹלֶה בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא דֶּרֶךְ כַּנַּ"ל. כִּי עַל־פִּי הַכַּוָּנוֹת נַעֲשֶׂה זֶה הַדֶּרֶךְ מִבְּחִינַת סֶגּוֹל דְקס"א וְחִירִיק דְס"ג, שֶׁהֵם בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים יב"ק, כַּנַּ"ל.

וְזֶה בְּעַצְמוֹ סוֹד בְּחִינַת שְׁנֵי הַבְּקִיאוּת הַנַּ"ל, כִּי בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת אֶסַּק שָׁמַיִם, זֶה בְּחִינַת סֶגּוֹל דְקס"א, כִּי אֶסַּק אוֹתִיּוֹת קס"א;

וּבָקִי בְּשׁוֹב, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת: וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךָּ, זֶה בְּחִינַת חִירִיק דְס"ג, מִלְּשׁוֹן: אַל תַּסֵּג גְּבוּל עוֹלָם, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת שֶׁמַּסִּיג גְּבוּלוֹ וּמַחֲזִירוֹ לַאֲחוֹרָיו, שֶׁזֶּה בְּחִינַת יְרִידָה, שֶׁהָאָדָם נוֹפֵל, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם, מִמַּדְרֵגָתוֹ, וְהוּא נָסוֹג אָחוֹר, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם, אַף־עַל־פִּי־כֵן יְחַזֵּק אֶת עַצְמוֹ, וְאַל יִתְיָאֵשׁ עַצְמוֹ לְעוֹלָם, כִּי גַּם שָׁם נִמְצָא הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ, בִּבְחִינַת: וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךָּ כַּנַּ"ל, וְזֶה בְּחִינַת שֵׁם ס"ג כַּנַּ"ל.

כִּי סֶגּוֹל דָּא חַמָּה, שֶׁהוּא נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה שֶׁעַל הָאָלֶ"ף, הַנֶּחֱלֶקֶת לְשָׁלֹשׁ טִפִּין, שֶׁזֶּהוּ בְּחִינַת אֶסַּק שָׁמַיִם, בְּחִינַת סֶגּוֹל דְקס"א, שֶׁהוּא אוֹתִיּוֹת אֶסַּק, כַּנַּ"ל; וְחִירִיק הוּא בְּחִינַת נְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה שֶׁל הָאָלֶ"ף, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת: וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךָּ, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת חִירִיק דְס"ג הַנַּ"ל.

וְזֶה שֶׁכָּתַב שָׁם לְמַעְלָה בְּהַתּוֹרָה הַנַּ"ל: "וּכְשֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ אֵלּוּ הַשְּׁנֵי בְּקִיאוּת הַנַּ"ל אֲזַי הוּא הוֹלֵךְ בְּדַרְכֵי הַתְּשׁוּבָה", כִּי מִשְּׁנֵי פְּעָמִים בָּקִי, שֶׁהֵם בְּחִינַת קס"א וְס"ג, אֶסַּק שָׁמַיִם וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל וְכוּ' – עַל־יְדֵי־זֶה נַעֲשֶׂה בְּחִינַת דֶּרֶךְ, שֶׁהוּא בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים בָּקִי, שֶׁהֵם קס"א וְס"ג וְכוּ' כַּנַּ"ל,

כִּי עִקַּר דֶּרֶךְ הַתְּשׁוּבָה זוֹכִין עַל־יְדֵי שְׁנֵי הַבְּקִיאוּת הַנַּ"ל, וְאָז יְמִין ה' פְּשׁוּטָה לְקַבֵּל תְּשׁוּבָתוֹ, כִּי יָמִין בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא דֶּרֶךְ, שֶׁהֵם שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים בָּקִי כַּנַּ"ל. וּ"פְשׁוּטָה" בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא סֶגּוֹל דְקס"א וְחִירִיק דְס"ג,

שֶׁהֵם בְּעַצְמָם בְּחִינַת נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה וּנְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה, שֶׁהֵם בְּחִינַת מַה שֶּׁצְּרִיכִין לְבַקֵּשׁ הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ תָּמִיד, הֵן לְמַעְלָה הֵן לְמַטָּה, בְּחִינַת: אִם אֶסַּק שָׁמַיִם שָׁם אָתָּה, וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךָּ, שֶׁהֵם בְּחִינַת שְׁנֵי הַבְּקִיאוּת הַנַּ"ל, וְעַל כֵּן כְּשֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ שְׁנֵי הַבְּקִיאוּת הַנַּ"ל, אָז הוּא הוֹלֵךְ בְּדַרְכֵי הַתְּשׁוּבָה, וְאָז יְמִין ה' פְּשׁוּטָה לְקַבֵּל תְּשׁוּבָתוֹ. וְהָבֵן הַדְּבָרִים הֵיטֵב, כִּי הֵם דְּבָרִים עֲמֻקִּים מְאֹד:

י״ג

וְעַל־פִּי־זֶה תָּבִין לְקַשֵּׁר הַתּוֹרָה הֵיטֵב, שֶׁמַּה שֶּׁכָּתַב בַּסּוֹף מֵעִנְיַן נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה וּנְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה שֶׁל הָאָלֶ"ף, זֶהוּ בְּעַצְמוֹ בְּחִינַת שְׁנֵי הַבְּקִיאוּת הַנַּ"ל, (כִּי זֶה אֵינוֹ מְבֹאָר בְּפֵרוּשׁ בְּהַתּוֹרָה הַנַּ"ל, רַק עַל־פִּי כַּוָּנוֹת הַנַּ"ל מוּבָן זֹאת מִמֵּילָא לַמַּשְׂכִּיל),

וְזֶהוּ בְּעַצְמוֹ בְּחִינַת תְּשׁוּבָה עַל תְּשׁוּבָה שֶׁכָּתַב שָׁם, כִּי זְבִיחַת הַיֵּצֶר הָרָע, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת דֹּם לַה', שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת תְּשׁוּבָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת כְּבוֹד עוֹלָם הַזֶּה, זֶה בְּחִינַת נְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה, שֶׁנַּעֲשֵׂית מִבְּחִינַת הַדְּמִימָה וְהַשְּׁתִיקָה, מִבְּחִינַת דֹּם לַה'. וְכָל זֶה הוּא בְּחִינַת חִירִיק דְס"ג וְכוּ', שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב כַּנַּ"ל.

וּתְשׁוּבָה הַשְּׁנִיָּה, שֶׁעוֹשֶׂה עַל תְּשׁוּבָתוֹ הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת כְּבוֹד הָעוֹלָם הַבָּא, בְּחִינַת: כְּבוֹד אֱלֹקִים הַסְתֵּר דָּבָר; זֶה בְּחִינַת נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה, בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת משֶׁה, בְּחִינַת סֶגּוֹל וְכוּ'.

וְהָבֵן הַדְּבָרִים הֵיטֵב, אֵיךְ כָּל הַדְּבָרִים הַנֶּאֱמָרִים שָׁם בְּהַתּוֹרָה הַנַּ"ל, נִקְשָׁרִים וְנִכְלָלִים אַחַר־כָּךְ בְּיַחַד בְּקֶשֶׁר נִפְלָא וְנוֹרָא, וְהַמַּשְׂכִּילִים יָבִינוּ קְצָת:

י״ד

וְעִקַּר הַדָּבָר – שֶׁעַל יְדֵי שֶׁהָאָדָם, כְּשֶׁהוּא בַּמַּדְרֵגָה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה מְאֹד, וְאַף־עַל־פִּי־כֵן הוּא מְחַזֵּק עַצְמוֹ וּמַאֲמִין שֶׁגַּם שָׁם יֵשׁ לוֹ תִּקְוָה עֲדַיִן, כִּי גַּם שָׁם נִמְצָא הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ, בִּבְחִינַת: וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךָּ, אֲזַי מַמְשִׁיךְ עַל עַצְמוֹ הַקְּדֻשָּׁה מִשֵּׁם הַקָּדוֹשׁ הֲוָיָה בְּמִלּוּי ס"ג, שֶׁהוּא מְחַיֶּה אֶת כָּל הַנְּסוֹגִים אָחוֹר מִקְּדֻשָּׁתוֹ לְהַחֲזִיקָם לְבַל יִפְּלוּ לְגַמְרֵי, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם. וְזֶה בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב – שֶׁזֶּה הַבְּקִיאוּת הוּא בְּחִינַת שֵׁם יב"ק הַקָּדוֹשׁ, בְּחִינַת שֵׁם ס"ג.

וְכֵן כְּשֶׁאָדָם זוֹכֶה לָבוֹא לְאֵיזוֹ מַדְרֵגָה בַּקְּדֻשָּׁה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה, וְאַף־עַל־ פִּי־כֵן אֵינוֹ עוֹמֵד שָׁם, וְהוּא מִתְחַזֵּק וּמִתְגַּבֵּר לַעֲלוֹת יוֹתֵר וְיוֹתֵר – אֲזַי מַמְשִׁיךְ הַקְּדֻשָּׁה עַל עַצְמוֹ מִשֵּׁם הַקָּדוֹשׁ אקי"ק בְּמִלּוּי קס"א, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא.

כִּי הָאָדָם, כְּפִי תְּנוּעוֹתָיו וּכְפִי הִתְחַזְּקוּתוֹ בָּעֲבוֹדָתוֹ יִתְבָּרַךְ, כֵּן גּוֹרֵם לְיַחֵד הַשֵּׁמוֹת לְמַעְלָה, וּמַמְשִׁיךְ עַל עַצְמוֹ הַקְּדֻשָּׁה מִשָּׁם, וְהָבֵן הֵיטֵב:

ט״ו

וְהִנֵּה מְבֹאָר לְעֵיל, שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי הַדְּמִימָה וְהַשְּׁתִיקָה, שֶׁשּׁוֹתְקִין לַחֲבֵרוֹ כְּשֶׁמְּבַזִּין אוֹתוֹ, עַל־יְדֵי־זֶה זוֹכֶה לִתְשׁוּבָה, שֶׁהִיא בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר כַּנַּ"ל, עַיֵּן שָׁם, כִּי סְיָג לַחָכְמָה שְׁתִיקָה כַּנַּ"ל, כִּי צְרִיכִין לִזָּהֵר מְאֹד לָדוּן אֶת כָּל אָדָם לְכַף זְכוּת, וַאֲפִלּוּ הַחוֹלְקִים עָלָיו וּמְבַזִּין אוֹתוֹ, צָרִיךְ לְדוּנָם לְכַף זְכוּת וְלִשְׁתֹּק לָהֶם, וְעַל־יְדֵי־ זֶה נַעֲשֶׂה בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר,

כַּמּוּבָא בַּמִּדְרָשׁ (ויקרא פ"ב):

מָשָׁל לְאֶחָד, שֶׁמָּצָא אֶת חֲבֵרוֹ שֶׁהוּא עוֹשֶׂה כֶּתֶר. אָמַר לוֹ: בִּשְׁבִיל מִי, אָמַר לוֹ: בִּשְׁבִיל הַמֶּלֶךְ. אָמַר לוֹ: כֵּיוָן שֶׁהוּא לְצֹרֶךְ הַמֶּלֶךְ, כָּל אֶבֶן טוֹב שֶׁתִּמְצָא תִּקְבָּעֶנּוּ בּוֹ,

כָּךְ כָּל אֶחָד מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל הוּא בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר לְהַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ, וְצָרִיךְ לְהַכְנִיס בּוֹ כָּל מִין אֲבָנִים טוֹבוֹת שֶׁאֶפְשָׁר לִמְצֹא, דְּהַיְנוּ שֶׁצְּרִיכִין לְהִשְׁתַּדֵּל לְחַפֵּשׂ וּלְבַקֵּשׁ אַחַר כָּל צַד זְכוּת וְדָבָר טוֹב שֶׁאֶפְשָׁר לִמְצֹא בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל, וְלָדוּן אֶת הַכֹּל לְכַף זְכוּת, כִּי הֵם בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר לְהַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ כַּנַּ"ל, וְכְמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: הֱוֵי דָּן אֶת כָּל אָדָם לְכַף זְכוּת.

נִמְצָא, שֶׁעַל יְדֵי שֶׁדָּנִים אֶת הַכֹּל לְכַף זְכוּת, שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי־זֶה שׁוֹתְקִין לוֹ כְּשֶׁמְּבַזֶּה אוֹתוֹ, כִּי מוֹצְאִין בּוֹ זְכוּת, שֶׁאֵינוֹ חַיָּב כָּל כָּךְ בַּמֶּה שֶּׁמְּבַזֶּה אוֹתוֹ, כִּי לְפִי דַּעְתּוֹ וּסְבָרָתוֹ נִדְמֶה לוֹ שֶׁרָאוּי לוֹ לְבַזּוֹת אוֹתוֹ וְכוּ', עַל־יְדֵי זֶה נַעֲשֶׂה בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר, הַיְנוּ כַּנַּ"ל, שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי הַדְּמִימָה וְהַשְּׁתִיקָה נַעֲשֶׂה בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר כַּנַּ"ל, וְהָבֵן:

Hebrew text: Likutei Moharan - rabenubook.com via Sefaria (Public Domain) · Sefaria. Names of Hashem are written in the customary form.

Transcripts

1-minute recap

Likutey Moharan, Torah six. Vayomer Hashem el Moshe: call Yehoshua. True honour, silence, and endless teshuvah.

One who chases honour is always questioned. But one who runs away from honour receives true honour, the honour of Elokim.

The way there is teshuvah, and its heart is silence: when you hear yourself insulted, stay still and silent.

Silence turns dam into dom: the blood of anger becomes stillness before Hashem, and the evil inclination is slaughtered.

And teshuvah never ends. We return even for our returns: rising, never standing still; falling, never despairing, for Hashem is there too.

And judge everyone favourably, even the one who insults you, for every Jew is a crown for Hashem.

Our own reflection: one moment of silence when insulted, and one good point found in another, are the beginning of a crown.

Explainer

Likutey Moharan, Torah six: Vayomer Hashem el Moshe, kra es Yehoshua. What is true honour, why does it come through silence, and why does teshuvah never end?

Rebbe Nachman begins with honour. Every person should lessen his own honour and increase the honour of Hashem. One who chases honour gets only the honour of kings, which everyone investigates: who is he, and does he deserve it? There is always someone arguing against him.

But one who runs away from honour receives the honour of Elokim, a Divine honour. No one questions it, because it is given from Above. As Mishlei says: the honour of kings is to search out a matter, but the honour of Elokim is to conceal a matter.

How does a person reach it? Only through teshuvah. And the heart of teshuvah is this: when he hears himself insulted, he stays still and silent. The Rebbe adds a play on letters: there is no kavod, honour, without a kaf, and the kaf is keter, the crown, which is teshuvah.

Keter also means waiting. The Sages say that one who comes to purify himself is helped, yet like a customer for fine balsam, he is often told: wait. Before teshuvah, the Rebbe says, a person does not yet truly exist; through teshuvah he begins to be. This is the Name Ekyeh, I am ready to be.

But before teshuvah that Name is hidden, and its hiding has the number of dam, blood. The blood on the left side of the heart, where the evil inclination lives, is still strong. That is why insults and strife come upon a person: anger, quarrels, even bloodshed.

The repair is to turn dam into dom, blood into stillness: to hear yourself shamed and not answer back. Be still before Hashem, says Tehillim, and He will cast down your slain. Then the heart becomes hollow, the evil blood grows less, and this is slaughtering the evil inclination, which brings Divine honour.

Section three. One must hold on to teshuvah always. For who can say: my heart is pure? Even while saying the words of confession, I have sinned, I have done wrong, a person is never completely free of other motives. So he must do teshuvah for his teshuvah.

Even after a complete teshuvah, he must return again. At first he returned according to what he understood. But afterwards he understands Hashem more, and then his earlier understanding looks coarse and physical. Each new level calls for teshuvah over the last.

This is the World to Come, which is all Shabbos, meaning all return. Its essence is knowing Hashem, and every new level of knowing brings teshuvah for the last. So the Sages say that one who slaughters his inclination and confesses over it honours Hashem in two worlds: the first teshuvah is the honour of this world, the second the honour of the World to Come.

Section four. One who wants to walk in the ways of teshuvah needs two kinds of expertise: expert in running and expert in returning. As the verse says: if I ascend to the heavens, You are there; and if I make my bed in the depths, here You are. And this, the Rebbe hints, is the secret of Elul: I am my Beloved's, and my Beloved is mine.

Section five draws the whole process in one letter, the aleph. Its lower point is silence, the chirik, as in: the earth is My footstool, hadom, stillness. Its middle line, the vav, is the firmament, all colours: the shame that changes a person's face. And its upper point is keter, the hidden throne of teshuvah.

Put together, aleph and dom spell adam. Through being still before Hashem, a person becomes an aleph, a true adam, worthy of the highest place. And then sun and moon unite: Moshe, whose face was like the sun, is the upper point; Yehoshua, like the moon, is the lower point; and the tent is between them.

The upper point divides into three drops, the segol, because teshuvah needs three conditions: to see with the eyes, to hear with the ears, and to understand with the heart, and return.

Section six reads a strange story in the Gemara. Rabbah bar bar Chanah saw geese in the desert whose feathers fell out from fatness, with streams of oil flowing beneath them. The geese are sages who make themselves humble as a desert. Their dropped feathers are the quarrels they let go: they hear their shame and do not answer. And the oil is the Divine honour that flows to them.

Section seven finds the same aleph in a verse of Tehillim, and in the three mitzvos Israel were given when entering the Land: wiping out Amalek, the lower point; appointing a king, the vav; and building the Temple, the upper point, which is Moshe, knowledge.

And now the opening verse. Hashem said to Moshe: call Yehoshua. Moshe is the upper point, Yehoshua the lower point. Present yourselves in the tent: that is the vav between them. And I will command him: at the time of passing, Moshe could no longer shine to Yehoshua himself, so Hashem said: I Myself will command him.

Reb Noson, the Rebbe's student, then adds notes. The plain meaning of the two expertises: when you rise to a new level, do not stand still there; there is always further to go. And when you fall, even to the lowest place, never give up hope, for Hashem is found there too, and even there you can cling to Him.

In the hidden wisdom, these two are the secret of Elul's kavanos, the way through the sea. Baki, expert, has the letters of the Name Yabok; twice Yabok is derech, a way; and the two Names that make it, Kasa and Sag, are hinted in the verse itself: esak, I ascend, is Kasa, and tasig, slipping back, is Sag.

When a person is low and still holds on, he draws holiness from the Name Havayah spelled out as Sag, which holds up all who have slipped back. When he is high and keeps climbing, he draws from the Name Ekyeh spelled out as Kasa. Every movement of a person's heart unites the Names above.

Last, Reb Noson shows how to keep silent at all. Judge every person favourably. The Midrash tells of a man making a crown for the king, who was told: set every precious stone you find into it. So every Jew is a crown for Hashem; search out every merit in him. Then even one who insults you has his reasons, your silence comes easily, and it becomes a crown.

Our own reflection: true honour is not taken; it is given. One moment of silence, one good point found in another, and the courage to keep going, up or down, are how the crown is made.

Full shiur

— Part 1: Two Kinds of Honour —

Likutey Moharan, Torah six: Vayomer Hashem el Moshe, kra es Yehoshua. A shiur in ten parts. Part one: two kinds of honour, and the crown of teshuvah.

A word on method. Every card carries a label. Gold is Rebbe Nachman's own words, from Likutey Moharan, Torah six. Grey is a verse or a teaching of the Sages that he quotes. Green is our own explanation, not a quotation. The Hebrew on screen is the public-domain text from Sefaria, and the English is our own paraphrase, kept close to the Hebrew.

The Torah opens with a verse from Devarim, chapter thirty-one, near the end of Moshe's life: And Hashem said to Moshe: call Yehoshua, and so on.

Our explanation. The Rebbe will only come back to this verse at the very end of the Torah, and there he will show that the whole lesson is hidden inside it. He begins with a different subject altogether: honour. What is real honour, and how does a person come to it?

Rebbe Nachman begins: Every person must lessen his own honour and increase the honour of Hashem. For one who chases after honour does not receive the honour of Elokim, only the honour of kings, of which it says: the honour of kings is to search out a matter. Everyone looks into him and asks: who is this, and why is he given such honour? And people argue against him, saying he does not deserve it.

But one who runs away from honour, lessening his own honour and increasing the honour of Hashem, receives a Divine honour. Then people do not look into his honour, whether he deserves it or not. Of him it says: the honour of Elokim is to conceal a matter. For it is forbidden to search into this kind of honour.

Our explanation. Both halves of one verse in Mishlei, chapter twenty-five, speak about honour. Honour a person grabs for himself is like the honour of kings: everyone checks his credentials, and someone is always arguing. But honour that comes to a person who runs away from it is given from Above, and no one even thinks to question it.

Section two. How does a person reach this honour? And this honour can only be reached through teshuvah. And the heart of teshuvah is this: when a person hears himself insulted, he is still and silent.

Then a play on letters. For there is no kavod without a kaf. And the kaf is keter, the crown. He adds that this is the Name Ekyeh, and that it is teshuvah.

Our explanation. The word kavod, honour, begins with the letter kaf, and the Zohar reads that kaf as keter, the crown, the highest of levels. In Kabbalah, keter is joined to the Divine Name we call Ekyeh, and the Rebbe joins both of them to teshuvah. So true honour begins with teshuvah.

Now he explains the Name Ekyeh, which the Zohar renders in Aramaic: I am ready to be. That is: Before teshuvah a person does not yet truly exist, as if he had not yet come into being in the world, for it would be better for him not to have been created. But when he comes to purify himself and do teshuvah, then he reaches the level of Ekyeh: now he will truly have being in the world. I am ready to be.

And this is keter, for keter means waiting, which is teshuvah. As the Sages said: one who comes to purify himself is helped. It is like a man who comes to buy balsam; they tell him: wait. And this is keter, as it says: wait for me a little, and I will tell you.

Our explanation. In Iyov, chapter thirty-six, the word kater means wait. In the Gemara the Rebbe cites, a customer for fine balsam is told by the merchant: wait, and I will measure it out together with you. Teshuvah is like that. A person who starts to purify himself is helped from Above, but often he is first told to wait. The waiting itself is part of the crown.

Our summary so far. True honour, the honour of Elokim, comes to one who runs away from honour. It is reached only through teshuvah. And the heart of teshuvah is to stay silent when insulted. In the next part, the Rebbe explains why silence has such power.

— Part 2: From Dam to Dom: Blood Becomes Silence —

Part two: blood that turns into silence, and the beginning of teshuvah upon teshuvah.

Now the other side. Before teshuvah, the Rebbe says, the Name Ekyeh is hidden from a person, because he has not yet prepared himself to truly be in the world. And the hiding of that Name, he says, has the numerical value of dam, blood. That is, bloodshed and insults, as it says: those who scorn Me shall be lightly esteemed. For the blood in the left chamber of the heart, where the evil inclination dwells, as it says: the heart of a fool is to his left, is still strong and powerful. That is why insults and bloodshed come upon him, for this is the hiding and turning away of the face of Ekyeh, whose number is dam.

Our explanation. The Name Ekyeh has four letters. When it is counted in its so-called back form, letter by letter, first one letter, then two, then three, then all four, the total is forty-four, the same as dam, blood. When the Name is hidden, what shows instead is blood: anger, strife and humiliation. And the place of that blood is the left side of the heart, where the evil inclination lives.

And the repair for this is to turn dam into dom, blood into stillness: to be among those who hear their shame and do not answer back, and not to be exacting about insults to his honour.

He continues, with a play on the word chalal, which means both slain and hollow: And when he keeps 'be still before Hashem', the Holy One, blessed be He, casts down his slain for him, as it says: be still before Hashem and wait for Him, and He will cast down your slain. That is: my heart is hollow within me. Through this the blood in the left chamber is lessened.

Our explanation. Dam and dom are written with the same two letters, dalet and mem; only the vowel changes. The very same heat that would burst out as anger can be turned into stillness. When a person is insulted and keeps silent, the blood of the evil inclination on the left side of the heart grows less, and the heart becomes hollow, with room in it for Hashem.

And this is slaughtering the evil inclination, and through it he earns Divine honour, as it says: one who offers thanks as a sacrifice honours Me. And the Sages expounded this verse about slaughtering the evil inclination.

Section three. One must always hold on to the trait of teshuvah. For who can say: I have cleansed my heart, I am pure of my sin? Even when a person says, I have sinned, I have done wrong, I have rebelled, even this he cannot say with a completely pure heart, free of every self-interest.

In a bracketed note he explains the verse: This is the meaning of: who can say, I have cleansed my heart? Who can say his heart is clean and free of personal motives, even while he is saying 'I have sinned'? And: I am pure of my sin, meaning pure even of the 'I have sinned, I have done wrong, I have rebelled' that he said, for even then he was not entirely free of motives.

So a person must do teshuvah for his first teshuvah, for the 'I have sinned, I have done wrong, I have rebelled' that he said. Of him it says: with his lips they honour Me, since through teshuvah one earns the honour of Hashem; but his heart is far from Me.

Our explanation. This is one of the great ideas of this Torah. Even at the holiest moment, saying the words of confession, a person is never completely pure of other thoughts. So the teshuvah itself needs teshuvah. This is not meant to make a person despair. As the Rebbe will show next, it is a sign of growth.

Our summary of this part. Before teshuvah, blood rules: anger, strife and insults. The repair is to turn dam into dom, to be still before Hashem, and that is slaughtering the evil inclination. And even then, one must do teshuvah for one's teshuvah. In the next part, we will see why this never ends, even in the World to Come.

— Part 3: Teshuvah upon Teshuvah, in Two Worlds —

Part three: teshuvah upon teshuvah, in this world and in the World to Come.

And even if a person knows he has done complete teshuvah, he must still do teshuvah for that first teshuvah. For at first he repented according to his understanding; but afterwards, when he does teshuvah, he surely recognises and grasps Hashem more.

So by the understanding he has now, his earlier understanding was surely something physical. He must do teshuvah for his first understanding, for having pictured Hashem's greatness in physical terms.

Our explanation. A child's picture of Hashem is not wrong for a child, but an adult who still holds it has not grown. The Rebbe says the same is true at every level. Each time a person understands more, he sees that what he had before was coarse, too physical, and he regrets it. So teshuvah upon teshuvah is really the sound of a soul growing.

And this is the World to Come, which will be entirely Shabbos, that is, entirely teshuvah, as it says: and you shall return to Hashem your Elokim. For the essence of the World to Come is knowing Hashem, as it says: they shall all know Me, from the smallest to the greatest. So every time they reach a greater understanding, they will do teshuvah for the earlier one.

This is what the Sages said: whoever slaughters his evil inclination, that is teshuvah, 'my heart is hollow within me', 'be still before Hashem', Ekyeh, keter, honour, as above; and confesses over it, meaning he confesses over the slaughtering itself, doing teshuvah for his teshuvah and his first understanding, it is as if he honoured the Holy One, blessed be He, in two worlds.

For the first teshuvah is the honour of this world. And after it, when he reaches a higher understanding and recognises more of Hashem's greatness, and does teshuvah for his teshuvah, this teshuvah is the honour of the World to Come.

This is what the Sages said on the verse: the light shall be precious and dim. A light that is precious in this world will be thin and light in the World to Come. So in the World to Come, when they reach a higher understanding of Hashem, they will surely regret and do teshuvah for their understanding in this world, for compared with that one, this world's understanding is something physical.

And this is 'as if he honoured the Holy One, blessed be He, in two worlds'. Slaughtering the inclination is the first teshuvah, the honour of this world; and confessing over it, the second teshuvah, is the honour of the World to Come, where the first honour becomes thin and light compared with the second.

Last in this section, a verse from Tehillim, chapter fifty, where Hashem speaks: these things you did, and I kept silent; you imagined that I was like you. The Rebbe explains: For a person, by keeping silent, becomes Ekyeh, as explained. But when the Holy One, blessed be He, keeps silent with a person, it is not for that reason, Heaven forbid, for that does not apply to Him. It is only so that they receive their punishment in the World to Come, when his sins are set out before his eyes and He rebukes him to his face. And this is: I will rebuke you, and set it out before your eyes.

Our explanation. When a person is silent under insult, he builds himself; he comes to be. But when Hashem is silent while a person sins, that is not the same thing at all, because Hashem does not need to become anything. His silence only delays the reckoning. So the time to return is now.

Our summary of section three. The first teshuvah is the honour of this world. Teshuvah upon that teshuvah, from a higher understanding, is the honour of the World to Come. And the World to Come itself is all Shabbos, all return, always climbing. Next, the two kinds of expertise a returning person needs.

— Part 4: Running and Returning, and the Shape of the Aleph —

Part four: expert in running and in returning, and the shape of the aleph.

Section four. When a person wants to walk in the ways of teshuvah, he must be expert in halachah, and he needs two kinds of expertise: expert in running forward and expert in returning, as the Zohar says: fortunate is one who enters and leaves. This is: if I ascend to the heavens, You are there; that is entering, expert in running. And if I make my bed in the depths, here You are; that is leaving, expert in returning.

Our explanation. Ratzo and shov mean running and returning. Here they are two skills of the soul. One is to keep reaching higher and never settle where you are. The other is to find Hashem even after a fall, even in the lowest place. Later in this Torah, Reb Noson's notes explain these two in plain words.

And this is: I am my Beloved's, and my Beloved is mine. 'I am my Beloved's' is entering; 'and my Beloved is mine' is leaving. This is the secret of the kavanos of Elul. And this is the essence of His honour.

And this is: and you shall honour it by not doing your own ways. 'Ways' is plural: entering and leaving. When he has these two kinds of expertise, he walks in the ways of teshuvah and earns the honour of Hashem; he earns keter, for there is no kavod without a kaf. And then the right hand of Hashem is stretched out to receive his teshuvah. This is the secret of the kavanos of Elul.

Our explanation. Elul, the month before Rosh Hashanah, is the month of teshuvah, and it is well known that the first letters of the verse I am my Beloved's and my Beloved is mine spell Elul. The Rebbe reads the two halves as the two kinds of expertise. Reb Noson will open up this secret of Elul later in the Torah.

Our explanation. Now the Rebbe turns to the shape of the letter aleph. Written in the traditional way, it has three parts: a small point above, a slanted line in the middle like the letter vav, and a small point below. The Rebbe matches each part to a stage of teshuvah and honour.

Section five. Through stillness and silence the chirik is formed, as the Tikkunei Zohar brings: and under His feet was like a work of sapphire brick; this is the chirik. And this is: and the earth is My footstool; hadom, footstool, is stillness. And this is the lower point in the shape of the aleph.

And the upper point above the aleph is keter, as it says: above the firmament over their heads, like sapphire stone, the likeness of a throne, kisei, which is covered, above the vav of the aleph that is called the firmament. The point is the covered throne, as it says: do not seek what is too wondrous for you, and do not search what is covered from you. And this is: the honour of Elokim is to conceal a matter; this is keter.

And the vav inside the aleph is the firmament, shamayim, which is fire and water, esh and mayim. This is shame, when a person's face changes into several colours. And this is the firmament, all the colours together.

And through this, a man, adam, is made to sit upon the throne, as it says: and a likeness like the appearance of a man upon it, above. For there is no adam without an aleph. And these are the letters of adam: aleph, dom. That is, through 'be still before Hashem', an aleph is made, and a man is made to sit upon the throne.

He gathers it together: For the vav inside the aleph is the firmament, all the colours, that is shame. The lower point is silence and stillness: the earth is My footstool, the chirik, under His feet. And the upper point is the covered throne, teshuvah: the honour of Elokim is to conceal a matter; do not search what is covered from you; above the firmament, the likeness of a throne. And a man is made to sit upon the throne.

Our explanation. A person who is insulted and keeps silent becomes the lower point. The shame he feels, his face changing colour, is the vav, the firmament. And his teshuvah reaches up to the upper point, the hidden crown. Put together, these make an aleph; and aleph with dom spells adam, a true human being, worthy of the highest place.

Our summary of this part. Teshuvah needs two kinds of expertise, running and returning. And the whole process is drawn in one letter: the lower point of the aleph is silence, the vav is shame, and the upper point is the crown of teshuvah. Next, how this aleph joins Moshe and Yehoshua, the sun and the moon.

— Part 5: Moshe and Yehoshua, Sun and Moon —

Part five: Moshe and Yehoshua, the sun and the moon, and the geese in the desert.

And then there is a union of sun and moon, the sun shining onto the moon, and a union of Moshe and Yehoshua. For Moshe's face was like the face of the sun; and this is the upper point, the throne, Moshe, as it says: and his throne like the sun before Me; and: above the firmament, the likeness of a throne.

And the lower point is Yehoshua, the moon, as in: and under His feet like a work of livnas, the brick; this is levanah, the moon.

And the vav inside the aleph is the firmament, the tent, as it says: and Yehoshua bin Nun did not move from inside the tent. And a tent is the firmament, as it says: He spreads them out like a tent to dwell in; and it is written: He stretches out the heavens like a curtain; and this is: the curtains of the tent.

Our explanation. The moon has no light of its own; it shines with the light of the sun. So too Yehoshua, the faithful student who never left the tent, received the light of Moshe, his teacher. The upper point is Moshe, the lower point is Yehoshua, and the vav in the middle of the aleph, the tent, is the channel through which the light passes from one to the other.

And the upper throne, the upper point, divides into three drops. For teshuvah must have three conditions, as it says: lest he see with his eyes, and hear with his ears, and understand with his heart, and return.

And these three are the vowel segol, and segol is the sun, as the Tikkunim say; that is: Moshe's face was like the face of the sun.

Our explanation. The vowel segol is written as three dots, like a small triangle. The Rebbe says the upper point of the aleph opens into these three: seeing, hearing and understanding. Real teshuvah needs all three: to see the truth, to hear it, and to take it to heart.

Section six. The Rebbe now opens a story from the Gemara. And this is the explanation. Rabbah bar bar Chanah said: once we were travelling in the desert, and we saw geese whose feathers were falling out from their fatness, and streams of oil flowed beneath them. I said to them: will I have a share of you in the World to Come? One lifted a leg to me, and one lifted a wing to me. When I came before Rabbi Elazar, he said to me: Israel will one day have to give judgment over them.

Our explanation. The Gemara records many strange travel stories told by Rabbah bar bar Chanah. Rebbe Nachman often reads them as hidden lessons. Here, he will read every detail of the geese as a picture of the people who stay silent when they are insulted.

He went to explore the good trait of humility, when a person makes himself like a desert to be trodden on, so that everyone treads on him. And he saw sages: this is the geese, as the Sages said: one who sees a goose in a dream may hope for wisdom.

Their feathers were falling out: Rashi explains, plumes, notzos. This is strife and insults, as it says: when men quarrel, yinatzu. That is, they pay no attention to strife and insults against them; they hear their shame and do not answer. And because of their silence they are called sages, for a fence for wisdom is silence. For silence is keter.

And this is the word for falling, dishmitan, as it says: every creditor shall release, shamot, what he has lent; that is, he does not demand redress for his humiliation.

Our summary of this part. Moshe is the upper point, the sun; Yehoshua is the lower point, the moon; and the tent between them is the vav. Then the geese of the desert: sages so humble that they let everyone tread on them, who drop their feathers, the quarrels, and let go of every insult. Next, the rivers of oil beneath them.

— Part 6: Rivers of Oil, and Israel on the Throne —

Part six: rivers of oil, a share in the World to Come, and Israel upon the throne.

And from their fatness, mishamnayhu, comes from the verse: you grew fat, you grew thick. They hold themselves to be fat with sin; that is, this is why they hear their shame and do not answer: they do it as teshuvah for their sins, as it says: and Yeshurun grew fat. This is 'make the heart fat, and its ears heavy, lest it see'; for teshuvah needs these three conditions.

And streams of oil flowed beneath them: through silence they earn Divine honour, which is oil, as it says: you loved righteousness and hated wickedness, therefore He anointed you. And this is: the King of honour.

Our explanation. The fatness that made the geese drop their feathers was not pride; it was a feeling of how much they still had to repair. Because of that, they stayed silent when insulted. And the oil that flowed beneath them is the Divine honour the Rebbe spoke of at the start, the honour of one who runs away from honour.

I said to them: will I have a share of you in the World to Come? One lifted a leg to me: this is 'the earth is My footstool', the lower point. And one lifted a wing, kanaf, to me: this is the throne, as it says: your teacher will no longer be hidden, yikanef; this is the upper point. That is, they showed Rabbah bar bar Chanah that he too had attained these levels.

Our explanation. The leg stands on the ground, so it is the footstool, the lower point, silence. The wing is linked to the word for hidden, so it is the hidden throne, the upper point. When the geese lifted a leg and a wing, they were telling Rabbah bar bar Chanah: you too have both of these, and you too have a share.

Rabbi Elazar said: Israel will one day give judgment over them. For Israel are called adam, and the Holy One, blessed be He, and Israel are all one. And Israel, who are adam, will sit upon the throne, as it says: and upon the throne, a likeness like the appearance of a man. And Israel will give judgment to all who come into the world; they themselves will judge all judgments.

Section seven. Another verse, from Tehillim, chapter forty-seven. And this is the explanation of the verse: He subdues peoples under us, and nations beneath our feet. This is the chirik, the lower point of the aleph, 'and under His feet', 'and the earth is My footstool'.

He chooses our inheritance for us: this is Moshe, the upper point of the aleph: 'above the firmament the likeness of a throne', 'his throne like the sun', 'Moshe's face like the face of the sun'. As the Sages said: Rabbi Shimon says, inheritance is Shiloh; and the Zohar says, Shiloh is Moshe.

The pride of Yaakov: this is the vav inside the aleph, the tent, the light that Moshe shines to Yehoshua, as it says: and Yaakov was a wholesome man, dwelling in tents.

And this is the three things Israel were commanded: to wipe out the seed of Amalek, that is 'He subdues peoples under us'; to appoint a king, that is 'the pride of Yaakov', 'a star steps forth from Yaakov', a king; and to build the Chosen House, that is Moshe, knowledge, as the Sages said: one who has knowledge, it is as if the Temple was built in his days. And this is: He chooses our inheritance for us. A note in the text adds: from section four until here, these are the Rebbe's own words.

Our summary of section seven. He subdues peoples under us is the lower point: Yehoshua, and the war against Amalek. The pride of Yaakov is the vav, the tent: appointing a king. And He chooses our inheritance is the upper point: Moshe, knowledge, and the building of the Temple. Next, the opening verse itself is explained.

— Part 7: Call Yehoshua: The Verse, and the Kavanos of Elul —

Part seven: the opening verse explained, the three mitzvos, and the kavanos of Elul.

Section eight. Now, at last, the verse the Torah opened with. And this is the explanation. And Hashem said to Moshe: call Yehoshua. Moshe is the upper point, and Yehoshua is the lower point.

And present yourselves in the tent: this is the firmament, the vav inside the aleph.

And I will command him: for Moshe then had to hand everything over to Yehoshua, but there is no rule on the day of death. At the passing of the tzaddik he has no power or strength to shine to Yehoshua. That is why it says 'and I will command him', I Myself; for the rule returned to the Holy One, blessed be He.

Our explanation. Read this way, the verse is the whole aleph. Moshe, the upper point, is told to call Yehoshua, the lower point, and both stand together in the tent, the vav between them. And because on the day of passing even Moshe cannot finish the task, Hashem says: I Myself will command him.

Section nine is a second version of part of the teaching, as the text itself notes at its end. The whole matter is contained in the shape of the aleph: the upper point, the lower point, and the vav. Look into this very carefully.

And this is what the Sages said: before Israel entered the Land, they were commanded to keep three mitzvos: to cut off the seed of Amalek, to build the Chosen House, and to appoint a king.

Cutting off the seed of Amalek is Yehoshua, the lower point, for wiping out Amalek depends mainly on Yehoshua, as it says: go out and fight Amalek; and as the Zohar explains.

Building the Chosen House is Moshe, the upper point, for one who has knowledge, it is as if the Temple was built in his days; and Moshe is knowledge.

And appointing a king is the firmament, the vav inside the aleph, as it says: a star steps forth from Yaakov, said of a king who will arise from Yaakov; and a star belongs to the firmament, which holds stars and constellations. And 'from Yaakov', for Yaakov, a wholesome man dwelling in tents, is the firmament, as it says: He spreads them out like a tent; and as the Zohar explains, Yaakov is the vav.

For these three mitzvos are teshuvah. Understand this. And the text notes that from 'the whole matter' until here repeats what was said above, in slightly different words.

Our explanation. The three mitzvos of entering the Land follow the three parts of the aleph, and so they are the three parts of teshuvah. Wiping out Amalek is Yehoshua, the lower point. Appointing a king is the vav, the tent of Yaakov. And building the Temple is Moshe, the upper point, knowledge.

Section ten. From here on, the text gives notes by Reb Noson, the Rebbe's student, on the bracketed words: this is the secret of the kavanos of Elul. He writes: Belonging to the above. This is the secret of the kavanos of Elul. I heard a little of it, like a drop from the sea. See there, in the kavanos of Elul: it is explained that the whole of Elul's kavanos is 'Who makes a way in the sea', that one must bring light to a way in the sea.

And this way is twice the Name Yabok, for twice Yabok equals derech, a way. And this is drawn from two Names, Kasa and Sag, for these two Names together equal twice Yabok, which is the number of derech, as above.

Our explanation, kept simple. In Kabbalah, Divine Names are spelled out letter by letter, and each spelling has a number. The Name Ekyeh, spelled out with yuds, comes to one hundred sixty-one, called Kasa. The Name Havayah, spelled out with yuds, comes to sixty-three, called Sag. Together they make two hundred twenty-four, which is twice one hundred twelve, the Name Yabok, and it is also the number of derech, a way.

And one should have in mind the Name Kasa with a segol, and the Name Sag with a chirik.

And the segol of Kasa and the chirik of Sag together come to tav, four hundred. For Kasa is the Name Ekyeh spelled out like this: aleph, kei, yud, kei, which are ten letters, each with a segol. A segol is three dots, so it counts thirty.

So ten times segol comes to shin, three hundred. And Sag is the ten letters of the Name Havayah spelled out, yud, kei, vav, kei, each with a chirik, which comes to one hundred.

And both together, the chirik of Sag and the segol of Kasa, come to tav, four hundred, in simple count. And then, through all the above, the right hand is outstretched to receive his teshuvah. For yamin, right hand, spelled out, together with its three letters, equals derech, twice Yabok; see there. All this is explained from the kavanos of Elul.

Our summary of this part. The verse call Yehoshua is the whole aleph: Moshe above, Yehoshua below, the tent between, and Hashem completing it. The three mitzvos of entering the Land are the same three parts. And Reb Noson begins to open the secret of Elul: a way through the sea, made of two Names. Next, he gives its plain meaning.

— Part 8: Never Stand Still, Never Despair —

Part eight: the plain meaning. When you rise, never stand still; when you fall, never despair.

Our explanation. These sections are notes by Reb Noson, the Rebbe's closest student, who wrote down his teachings. He goes back to section four, to the two kinds of expertise, running and returning. Before opening the hidden meaning in the kavanos of Elul, he gives the plain meaning, which any person can live by every day.

Section eleven. Reb Noson continues: And now come and see how all these kavanos are hinted and hidden, in a wondrous and awesome way, inside the Torah above. For it explains there that one who wants to do teshuvah needs two kinds of expertise, expert in running and expert in returning, entering and leaving: if I ascend to the heavens, You are there, expert in running; and if I make my bed in the depths, here You are, expert in returning, as explained above.

But first, the plain meaning. The plain meaning is this. One who wants to walk in the ways of teshuvah must gird his loins and strengthen himself in the ways of Hashem always, whether going up or going down: 'if I ascend to the heavens' and 'if I make my bed in the depths'. That is, even if he reaches some ascent, some great level,

even so he should not stand still there and be satisfied with it. He must be very expert in this: to know and believe that he must go further and further. That is expert in running, entering: if I ascend to the heavens, You are there.

Our explanation. The danger of success is to stop. A person reaches something real, a better prayer, a stronger habit, and he wants to rest there. Expert in running means knowing that every level is only a step: Hashem is always further, and there is always more to reach.

And the opposite too: even if he falls, Heaven forbid, wherever he falls, even to the lowest depths, he should never give up hope. He should always search for and seek Hashem, and strengthen himself wherever he is, with whatever he can. For Hashem is found even in the lowest depths, and even there one can cling to Him.

And this is: if I make my bed in the depths, here You are. And this is expert in returning; for one cannot walk in the ways of teshuvah unless he is expert in both of these.

Our explanation. The opposite danger is despair. A person falls, and the voice inside says: it is over, you are too far. Expert in returning means knowing that there is no place without Hashem. Even from the lowest place, a person can hold on with whatever small thing he can do, and that small thing is already a return.

Our Rebbe chose his words precisely and called this expertise, for it is a very, very great expertise: to know how to toil and labour in the service of Hashem always, hoping at every moment to reach a higher level, and yet not to fall over anything. However things may be, Heaven forbid, he should not fall in his mind at all, and should keep 'if I make my bed in the depths, here You are'.

Our summary of section eleven. When you go up, do not stand still; there is always more. When you go down, do not despair; Hashem is there too. Holding both at once takes real skill, which is why the Rebbe called it expertise. Next, Reb Noson shows how these two hide the secret of Elul.

— Part 9: Two Expertises, Two Names, One Way —

Part nine: Reb Noson's deeper reading. Two expertises, two Names, and one way of teshuvah.

Section twelve. According to the hidden wisdom, the secret of the kavanos of Elul is concealed here. For baki, expert, is the Name Yabok, which has the letters of baki. And when he earns the two kinds of expertise, twice baki, expert in running and expert in returning, through this he earns the way of teshuvah.

For twice baki, which is twice Yabok, equals derech, a way. And according to the kavanos, this way is made from the segol of Kasa and the chirik of Sag, which equal twice Yabok, as above.

And this itself is the secret of the two expertises. Expert in running, which is 'I ascend to the heavens', is the segol of Kasa; for esak, I ascend, has the letters of Kasa.

And expert in returning, 'if I make my bed in the depths', is the chirik of Sag, from: do not move back, tasig, the ancient boundary; one pushes back his boundary and turns him backward. That is a descent, when a person falls, Heaven forbid, from his level and slips back. Even so he should strengthen himself and never despair, for Hashem is found there too: 'if I make my bed in the depths, here You are'. And this is the Name Sag.

Our explanation. Reb Noson finds the two Names inside the words of the verse and of the Torah. Esak, I ascend, is made of the same letters as Kasa: the climb. Tasig, move back, sounds like Sag: the slipping back. The Names that make the way through the sea are the very same two movements of a person's life, up and down.

For segol is the sun, the upper point above the aleph, which divides into three drops; that is 'I ascend to the heavens', the segol of Kasa, the letters of esak. And chirik is the lower point of the aleph, 'if I make my bed in the depths', the chirik of Sag.

And this is what it said above in the Torah: 'when he has these two kinds of expertise, he walks in the ways of teshuvah'. For from twice baki, which is Kasa and Sag, 'I ascend to the heavens' and 'I make my bed in the depths', the way, derech, is made, which equals twice baki, Kasa and Sag.

For the way of teshuvah is earned mainly through these two expertises, and then the right hand of Hashem is outstretched to receive his teshuvah. For yamin, right hand, equals derech, twice baki; and peshutah, outstretched, equals the segol of Kasa and the chirik of Sag,

which are themselves the upper point and the lower point: that one must seek Hashem always, both above and below, 'if I ascend to the heavens You are there, and if I make my bed in the depths, here You are'. These are the two expertises. So when he has both, he walks in the ways of teshuvah, and the right hand of Hashem is outstretched to receive his teshuvah. Understand this well, for these are very deep words.

Section thirteen. With this you can tie the Torah together well. What it says at the end about the upper and lower points of the aleph is itself the two expertises. This is not stated openly in the Torah, but from the kavanos the wise will understand it by themselves.

And this itself is the 'teshuvah upon teshuvah' it speaks of. Slaughtering the evil inclination, 'be still before Hashem', the first teshuvah, the honour of this world, is the lower point, made from stillness and silence. And all this is the chirik of Sag, expert in returning.

And the second teshuvah, done for the first, the honour of the World to Come, 'the honour of Elokim is to conceal a matter', is the upper point, keter, Moshe, the segol. Understand well how everything said in that Torah ties together afterwards, in a wondrous and awesome bond; the wise will understand a little.

Our summary of this part. The lower point of the aleph is silence, the first teshuvah, expert in returning, the chirik of Sag. The upper point is the second teshuvah, the crown, expert in running, the segol of Kasa. Together they make the way, and then Hashem's right hand is stretched out to receive a person's teshuvah. In the last part: drawing holiness from Above, and every Jew is a crown.

— Part 10: Every Jew Is a Crown for Hashem —

Part ten: drawing holiness from Above, and every Jew is a crown for Hashem.

Section fourteen. The main point is this. When a person is on a very low level, and still strengthens himself and believes that even there he has hope, for Hashem is found there too, 'if I make my bed in the depths, here You are', then he draws upon himself holiness from the holy Name Havayah spelled out as Sag, which gives life to all who have slipped back from holiness, holding them so they do not fall completely, Heaven forbid.

And this is expert in returning: this expertise is the holy Name Yabok, the Name Sag.

And likewise, when a person reaches some level of high holiness and yet does not stand still there, but strengthens himself to climb higher and higher, he draws holiness upon himself from the holy Name Ekyeh spelled out as Kasa; and this is expert in running.

For a person, according to his movements and the way he strengthens himself in serving Hashem, causes the Names above to unite, and draws holiness upon himself from there. Understand this well.

Our explanation. Reb Noson's point is very practical. Every movement of a person's heart matters Above. When he is low and holds on, holiness comes to hold him up. When he is high and keeps climbing, holiness comes to lift him further. Nothing a person does to strengthen himself is ever lost.

Section fifteen. Reb Noson ends with something everyone can do. It was explained above that through stillness and silence, staying silent toward one's fellow when he insults him, a person earns teshuvah, which is keter, for a fence for wisdom is silence. For one must be very careful to judge every person favourably. Even those who argue with him and insult him, he must judge favourably and be silent toward them; and through this, keter is made,

As the Midrash brings: a parable of one who found his friend making a crown. He asked him: for whom? He said: for the king. He said to him: since it is for the king, set into it every precious stone you find.

So every Jew is a crown for Hashem, and one must set into him every kind of precious stone that can be found. That is, one must try to search out every side of merit and every good thing that can be found in a Jew, and judge everyone favourably, for they are a crown for Hashem; as our Sages said: judge every person favourably.

So by judging everyone favourably, he stays silent when someone insults him, because he finds merit in him: the other is not so guilty for insulting him, since by his own mind and reasoning it seems right to him to do it. Through this keter is made; as above, through stillness and silence keter is made. Understand this.

Our explanation. This closes the circle. The whole Torah began with staying silent when insulted. But how can a person really do that? Reb Noson's answer: judge the other favourably. If I can see that, by his own understanding, he thinks he is right, then I do not need to answer. My silence is no longer swallowed anger. It is a jewel set in a crown for the King.

Our summary of the whole Torah. Silence under insult turns dam into dom, blood into stillness, and slaughters the evil inclination. That is teshuvah, and teshuvah never ends: we return for our returns, rising without standing still and falling without despair. Together these make a crown, the honour of Elokim, which comes to one who runs from honour.

Some reflections of our own, not a quotation. When someone insults you today, try for one moment of silence. Look for one good point in a person who bothers you, and set it like a jewel in a crown. And whatever happens, if you are rising, keep going; if you are falling, hold on, because Hashem is there too.

This has been Likutey Moharan, Torah six. Vayomer Hashem el Moshe, kra es Yehoshua.

Sources for this Torah

Texts used

Hebrew: Likutei Moharan (Part I), Torah 6, edition 'Likutei Moharan – rabenubook.com', public domain, via Sefaria — https://www.sefaria.org/Likutei_Moharan.6

English: our own paraphrase of the Hebrew, written for these videos. It is not copied from any published translation.

Verses and teachings of the Sages appear only as Rebbe Nachman quotes them inside this Torah.

How the text is shown

The Divine Name is shown as ה' and voiced as Hashem. Other Names are written in the customary form (אֱלֹקִים, קֵ-ל, קָהּ, שַׁ-דַּ-י, אֲדֹ-נָ-י, אֶקְיֶ-ה, צְבָקוֹת). No full Name is written or voiced.

Parenthetical source references inside the printed Hebrew are left off the screen to save space; the citation line names the source instead.

Long paragraphs are shown in consecutive pieces. Every Hebrew word on screen is from the edition above; nothing is reworded.

Cards labelled EXPLANATION (green), and every line marked 'our own reflection — not a quote', are our own words, not quotations.

Every on-screen quotation in the full shiur, by part

Part 1 — Two Kinds of Honour

Scene 3 · Devarim 31:14, as quoted in LM I:6 · paragraph §1.1

וַיֹּאמֶר ה' אֶל משֶׁה קְרָא אֶת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וְכוּ':

EN (our paraphrase): And Hashem said to Moshe: call Yehoshua, and so on.

Scene 5 · LM I:6 §1 · paragraph §1.2

כִּי צָרִיךְ כָּל אָדָם לְמַעֵט בִּכְבוֹד עַצְמוֹ וּלְהַרְבּוֹת בִּכְבוֹד הַמָּקוֹם, כִּי מִי שֶׁרוֹדֵף אַחַר הַכָּבוֹד אֵינוֹ זוֹכֶה לִכְבוֹד אֱלֹקִים, אֶלָּא לְכָבוֹד שֶׁל מְלָכִים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בּוֹ: כְּבֹד מְלָכִים חֲקֹר דָּבָר; וְהַכֹּל חוֹקְרִים אַחֲרָיו וְשׁוֹאֲלִים: מִי הוּא זֶה וְאֵיזֶהוּ, שֶׁחוֹלְקִים לוֹ כָּבוֹד הַזֶּה, וְחוֹלְקִים עָלָיו, שֶׁאוֹמְרִים שֶׁאֵינוֹ רָאוּי לַכָּבוֹד הַזֶּה.

EN (our paraphrase): Every person must lessen his own honour and increase the honour of Hashem. For one who chases after honour does not receive the honour of Elokim, only the honour of kings, of which it says: the honour of kings is to search out a matter. Everyone looks into him and asks: who is this, and why is he given such honour? And people argue against him, saying he does not deserve it.

Scene 6 · LM I:6 §1 · paragraph §1.3

אֲבָל מִי שֶׁבּוֹרֵחַ מִן הַכָּבוֹד, שֶׁמְּמַעֵט בִּכְבוֹד עַצְמוֹ וּמַרְבֶּה בִּכְבוֹד הַמָּקוֹם – אֲזַי הוּא זוֹכֶה לְכָבוֹד אֱלֹקִי, וְאָז אֵין בְּנֵי־אָדָם חוֹקְרִים עַל כְּבוֹדוֹ, אִם הוּא רָאוּי אִם לָאו, וְעָלָיו נֶאֱמַר: כְּבֹד אֱלֹקִים הַסְתֵּר דָּבָר; כִּי אָסוּר לַחֲקֹר עַל הַכָּבוֹד הַזֶּה:

EN (our paraphrase): But one who runs away from honour, lessening his own honour and increasing the honour of Hashem, receives a Divine honour. Then people do not look into his honour, whether he deserves it or not. Of him it says: the honour of Elokim is to conceal a matter. For it is forbidden to search into this kind of honour.

Scene 8 · LM I:6 §2 · paragraph §2.1

וְאִי אֶפְשָׁר לִזְכּוֹת לַכָּבוֹד הַזֶּה אֶלָּא עַל־יְדֵי תְּשׁוּבָה. וְעִקַּר הַתְּשׁוּבָה – כְּשֶׁיִּשְׁמַע בִּזְיוֹנוֹ יִדֹּם וְיִשְׁתֹּק,

EN (our paraphrase): And this honour can only be reached through teshuvah. And the heart of teshuvah is this: when a person hears himself insulted, he is still and silent.

Scene 9 · LM I:6 §2 · paragraph §2.2

כִּי לֵית כָּבוֹד בְּלֹא כָּ"ף. וְהַכָּ"ף הוּא כֶּתֶר,

EN (our paraphrase): For there is no kavod without a kaf. And the kaf is keter, the crown.

Scene 11 · LM I:6 §2 · paragraph §2.3

הַיְנוּ קֹדֶם הַתְּשׁוּבָה, עֲדַיִן אֵין לוֹ הֲוָיָה, כְּאִילוּ עַדֲיִן לֹא נִתְהַוָּה בָּעוֹלָם, כִּי טוֹב לוֹ שֶׁלֹּא נִבְרָא מִשֶּׁנִּבְרָא, וּכְשֶׁבָּא לְטַהֵר אֶת עַצְמוֹ וְלַעֲשׂוֹת תְּשׁוּבָה,

EN (our paraphrase): Before teshuvah a person does not yet truly exist, as if he had not yet come into being in the world, for it would be better for him not to have been created. But when he comes to purify himself and do teshuvah,

Scene 12 · LM I:6 §2 · paragraph §2.4

וְזֶה בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר, כִּי כֶּתֶר לְשׁוֹן הַמְתָּנָה, בְּחִינַת תְּשׁוּבָה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: הַבָּא לִטָּהֵר מְסַיְּעִין לוֹ. מָשָׁל לְאֶחָד, שֶׁבָּא לִקְנוֹת אֲפַרְסְמוֹן, אוֹמְרִים לוֹ: הַמְתֵּן וְכוּ'. וְזֶה בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: כַּתַּר לִי זְעֵיר וַאֲחַוֶּךָּ;

EN (our paraphrase): And this is keter, for keter means waiting, which is teshuvah. As the Sages said: one who comes to purify himself is helped. It is like a man who comes to buy balsam; they tell him: wait. And this is keter, as it says: wait for me a little, and I will tell you.

Part 2 — From Dam to Dom: Blood Becomes Silence

Scene 2 · LM I:6 §2 · paragraph §2.5

הַיְנוּ שְׁפִיכוּת דָּמִים וּבִזְיוֹנוֹת, עַל שֵׁם: וּבֹזַי יֵקָלּוּ; כִּי עֲדַיִן הַדָּם שֶׁבֶּחָלָל הַשְּׂמָאלִי שֶׁבַּלֵּב, שֶׁשָּׁם מְדוֹר הַיֵּצֶר הָרָע, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְלֵב כְּסִיל לִשְׂמֹאלוֹ; עֲדַיִן הוּא בְּתֹקֶף וָעֹז, וּבִשְׁבִיל זֶה בָּאִין עָלָיו בִּזְיוֹנוֹת וּשְׁפִיכוּת דָּמִים, כִּי זֶה בְּחִינַת הַסְתָּרַת וְהַחְזָרַת פְּנֵי אקי"ה, גִּימַטְרִיָּא דָּם.

EN (our paraphrase): That is, bloodshed and insults, as it says: those who scorn Me shall be lightly esteemed. For the blood in the left chamber of the heart, where the evil inclination dwells, as it says: the heart of a fool is to his left, is still strong and powerful. That is why insults and bloodshed come upon him, for this is the hiding and turning away of the face of Ekyeh, whose number is dam.

Scene 4 · LM I:6 §2 · paragraph §2.6

וְתִקּוּן לָזֶה – שֶׁיַּהֲפֹךְ דַּם לְדֹם, שֶׁיִּהְיֶה מִן הַשּׁוֹמְעִים חֶרְפָּתָם וְאֵינָם מְשִׁיבִים, וְלֹא יְדַקְדֵּק עַל בִּזְיוֹן כְּבוֹדוֹ;

EN (our paraphrase): And the repair for this is to turn dam into dom, blood into stillness: to be among those who hear their shame and do not answer back, and not to be exacting about insults to his honour.

Scene 5 · LM I:6 §2 · paragraph §2.6

וּכְשֶׁמְּקַיֵּם דֹּם לַה', אָז הַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא מַפִּיל לוֹ חֲלָלִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: דּוֹם לַה' וְהִתְחוֹלֵל לוֹ וְהוּא יַפִּיל לְךָ חֲלָלִים, הַיְנוּ: וְלִבִּי חָלַל בְּקִרְבִּי, הַיְנוּ עַל־יְדֵי־זֶה נִתְמַעֵט הַדָּם שֶׁבֶּחָלָל הַשְּׂמָאלִי,

EN (our paraphrase): And when he keeps 'be still before Hashem', the Holy One, blessed be He, casts down his slain for him, as it says: be still before Hashem and wait for Him, and He will cast down your slain. That is: my heart is hollow within me. Through this the blood in the left chamber is lessened.

Scene 7 · LM I:6 §2 · paragraph §2.7

וְזֶה בְּחִינַת זְבִיחַת הַיֵּצֶר הָרָע, וְעַל־יְדֵי־זֶה זוֹכֶה לְכָבוֹד אֱלֹקִי, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: זֹבֵחַ תּוֹדָה יְכַבְּדָנְנִי; וְדָרְשׁוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה עַל זְבִיחַת הַיֵּצֶר הָרָע:

EN (our paraphrase): And this is slaughtering the evil inclination, and through it he earns Divine honour, as it says: one who offers thanks as a sacrifice honours Me. And the Sages expounded this verse about slaughtering the evil inclination.

Scene 8 · LM I:6 §3 · paragraph §3.1

וְצָרִיךְ לֶאֱחֹז תָּמִיד בְּמִדַּת הַתְּשׁוּבָה, כִּי מִי יֹאמַר זִכִּיתִי לִבִּי, טָהַרְתִּי מֵחַטָּאתִי; כִּי בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁאָדָם אוֹמֵר: חָטָאתִי, עָוִיתִי, פָּשַׁעְתִּי – אֲפִלּוּ זֶה אִי אֶפְשָׁר לוֹמַר בְּבַר לֵבָב בְּלִי פְּנִיָּה.

EN (our paraphrase): One must always hold on to the trait of teshuvah. For who can say: I have cleansed my heart, I am pure of my sin? Even when a person says, I have sinned, I have done wrong, I have rebelled, even this he cannot say with a completely pure heart, free of every self-interest.

Scene 9 · LM I:6 §3 · paragraph §3.2

וְזֶהוּ: מִי יֹאמַר זִכִּיתִי לִבִּי, טָהַרְתִּי מֵחַטָּאתִי, הַיְנוּ מִי יוּכַל לוֹמַר, שֶׁלִבּוֹ זַךְ וְטָהוֹר מִפְּנִיּוֹת, אֲפִלּוּ בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁאוֹמֵר: חָטָאתִי וְכוּ'. וְזֶהוּ: מִי יֹאמַר וְכוּ': טָהַרְתִּי מֵחַטָּאתִי, הַיְנוּ שֶׁיִּהְיֶה טָהוֹר מִן הֶ"חָטָאתִי, עָוִיתִי, פָּשַׁעְתִּי" שֶׁאָמַר, כִּי גַּם אָז אֵינוֹ זַךְ וְטָהוֹר בְּלִי פְּנִיּוֹת כַּנַּ"ל.

EN (our paraphrase): This is the meaning of: who can say, I have cleansed my heart? Who can say his heart is clean and free of personal motives, even while he is saying 'I have sinned'? And: I am pure of my sin, meaning pure even of the 'I have sinned, I have done wrong, I have rebelled' that he said, for even then he was not entirely free of motives.

Scene 10 · LM I:6 §3 · paragraph §3.3

נִמְצָא, שֶׁצָּרִיךְ לַעֲשׂוֹת תְּשׁוּבָה עַל הַתְּשׁוּבָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, הַיְנוּ עַל "חָטָאתִי, עָוִיתִי, פָּשַׁעְתִּי" שֶׁאָמַר, כִּי עָלָיו נֶאֱמַר: בִּשְׂפָתָיו כִּבְּדוּנִי; כִּי עַל־יְדֵי תְּשׁוּבָה זוֹכֶה לִכְבוֹד ה'; וְלִבּוֹ רִחַק מִמֶּנִּי.

EN (our paraphrase): So a person must do teshuvah for his first teshuvah, for the 'I have sinned, I have done wrong, I have rebelled' that he said. Of him it says: with his lips they honour Me, since through teshuvah one earns the honour of Hashem; but his heart is far from Me.

Part 3 — Teshuvah upon Teshuvah, in Two Worlds

Scene 2 · LM I:6 §3 · paragraph §3.4

וַאֲפִלּוּ אִם יוֹדֵעַ אָדָם בְּעַצְמוֹ, שֶׁעָשָׂה תְּשׁוּבָה שְׁלֵמָה, אַף עַל־פִּי־כֵן צָרִיךְ לַעֲשׂוֹת תְּשׁוּבָה עַל תְּשׁוּבָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, כִּי מִתְּחִלָּה, כְּשֶׁעָשָׂה תְּשׁוּבָה, עָשָׂה לְפִי הַשָּׂגָתוֹ, וְאַחַר־כָּךְ בְּוַדַּאי כְּשֶׁעוֹשֶׂה תְּשׁוּבָה, בְּוַדַּאי הוּא מַכִּיר וּמַשִּׂיג יוֹתֵר אֶת הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ.

EN (our paraphrase): And even if a person knows he has done complete teshuvah, he must still do teshuvah for that first teshuvah. For at first he repented according to his understanding; but afterwards, when he does teshuvah, he surely recognises and grasps Hashem more.

Scene 3 · LM I:6 §3 · paragraph §3.4

נִמְצָא לְפִי הַשָּׂגָתוֹ שֶׁמַּשִּׂיג עַכְשָׁו, בְּוַדַּאי הַשָּׂגָתוֹ הָרִאשׁוֹנָה הוּא בִּבְחִינַת גַּשְׁמִיּוּת, נִמְצָא שֶׁצָּרִיךְ לַעֲשׂוֹת תְּשׁוּבָה עַל הַשָּׂגָתוֹ הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, עַל שֶׁהִתְגַּשֵּׁם אֶת רוֹמְמוּת אֱלֹקוּתוֹ.

EN (our paraphrase): So by the understanding he has now, his earlier understanding was surely something physical. He must do teshuvah for his first understanding, for having pictured Hashem's greatness in physical terms.

Scene 5 · LM I:6 §3 · paragraph §3.5

וְזֶה בְּחִינַת עוֹלָם הַבָּא, שֶׁיִּהְיֶה כֻּלּוֹ שַׁבָּת, הַיְנוּ כֻּלּוֹ תְּשׁוּבָה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְשַׁבְתָּ עַד ה' אֱלֹקֶיךָ; כִּי עִקָּר עוֹלָם הַבָּא הוּא הַשָּׂגַת אֱלֹקוּתוֹ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְיֵדְעוּ אוֹתִי לְמִקְּטַנָּם וְעַד גְּדוֹלָם. נִמְצָא, בְּכָל עֵת שֶׁיַּשִּׂיגוּ הַשָּׂגָה יְתֵרָה, אֲזַי יַעֲשׂוּ תְּשׁוּבָה עַל הַהַשָּׂגָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה.

EN (our paraphrase): And this is the World to Come, which will be entirely Shabbos, that is, entirely teshuvah, as it says: and you shall return to Hashem your Elokim. For the essence of the World to Come is knowing Hashem, as it says: they shall all know Me, from the smallest to the greatest. So every time they reach a greater understanding, they will do teshuvah for the earlier one.

Scene 6 · LM I:6 §3 · paragraph §3.6

וְזֶה שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: כָּל הַזּוֹבֵחַ אֶת יִצְרוֹ – הַיְנוּ בְּחִינַת תְּשׁוּבָה, בְּחִינַת: וְלִבִּי חָלָל בְּקִרְבִּי, בְּחִינַת דֹּם לַה', בְּחִינַת אקי"ה, בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר, בְּחִינַת כָּבוֹד, כַּנַּ"ל, וּמִתְוַדֶּה עָלָיו – הַיְנוּ שֶׁמִּתְוַדֶּה עַל זְבִיחַת יִצְרוֹ, הַיְנוּ שֶׁעוֹשֶׂה תְּשׁוּבָה עַל תְּשׁוּבָתוֹ וְהַשָּׂגָתוֹ הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, כְּאִלּוּ כִּבְּדוֹ לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בִּשְׁנֵי עוֹלָמוֹת.

EN (our paraphrase): This is what the Sages said: whoever slaughters his evil inclination, that is teshuvah, 'my heart is hollow within me', 'be still before Hashem', Ekyeh, keter, honour, as above; and confesses over it, meaning he confesses over the slaughtering itself, doing teshuvah for his teshuvah and his first understanding, it is as if he honoured the Holy One, blessed be He, in two worlds.

Scene 7 · LM I:6 §3 · paragraph §3.6

כִּי תְּשׁוּבָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, בְּחִינַת כְּבוֹד עוֹלָם הַזֶּה, וְאַחַר הַתְּשׁוּבָה, שֶׁזּוֹכֶה לְהַשָּׂגָה יְתֵרָה וּמַכִּיר בְּיוֹתֵר אֶת רוֹמְמוּת אֱלֹקוּתוֹ, וְעוֹשֶׂה תְּשׁוּבָה עַל תְּשׁוּבָתוֹ – זֹאת הַתְּשׁוּבָה הוּא בְּחִינַת כְּבוֹד עוֹלָם הַבָּא.

EN (our paraphrase): For the first teshuvah is the honour of this world. And after it, when he reaches a higher understanding and recognises more of Hashem's greatness, and does teshuvah for his teshuvah, this teshuvah is the honour of the World to Come.

Scene 8 · LM I:6 §3 · paragraph §3.7

וְזֶה שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: אוֹר יְקָרוֹת וְקִפָּאוֹן – אוֹר שֶׁהוּא יָקָר בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה יִהְיֶה קָפוּי וְקַל לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא. נִמְצָא, בָּעוֹלָם הַבָּא, כְּשֶׁיִּזְכּוּ לְהַשָּׂגָה יְתֵרָה בֶּאֱלֹקוּתוֹ, בְּוַדַּאי יִתְחָרְטוּ וְיַעֲשׂוּ תְּשׁוּבָה עַל הַשָּׂגַת עוֹלָם הַזֶּה, כִּי הַשָּׂגַת עוֹלָם הַזֶּה בִּבְחִינַת גֶּשֶׁם נֶגֶד הַשָּׂגַת עוֹלָם הַבָּא,

EN (our paraphrase): This is what the Sages said on the verse: the light shall be precious and dim. A light that is precious in this world will be thin and light in the World to Come. So in the World to Come, when they reach a higher understanding of Hashem, they will surely regret and do teshuvah for their understanding in this world, for compared with that one, this world's understanding is something physical.

Scene 9 · LM I:6 §3 · paragraph §3.8

וְזֶה כְּאִלּוּ כִּבְּדוֹ לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא בִּשְׁנֵי עוֹלָמוֹת, כִּי הַזְבִיחַת הַיֵּצֶר הִיא תְּשׁוּבָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, הוּא בְּחִינַת כְּבוֹד עוֹלָם הַזֶּה, וְהַוִּדּוּי עַל זְבִיחַת הַיֵּצֶר, הַיְנוּ תְּשׁוּבָה שְׁנִיָּה, הִיא בְּחִינַת כְּבוֹד עוֹלָם הַבָּא, שֶׁהַכָּבוֹד הָרִאשׁוֹן נַעֲשָׂה קָפוּי וְקַל נֶגֶד הַכָּבוֹד הַשֵּׁנִי.

EN (our paraphrase): And this is 'as if he honoured the Holy One, blessed be He, in two worlds'. Slaughtering the inclination is the first teshuvah, the honour of this world; and confessing over it, the second teshuvah, is the honour of the World to Come, where the first honour becomes thin and light compared with the second.

Scene 10 · LM I:6 §3 · paragraph §3.9

כִּי הָאָדָם עַל־יְדֵי שֶׁמַּחֲרִישׁ, נַעֲשֶׂה בְּחִינַת אקי"ה כַּנַּ"ל, אֲבָל הַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא, מַה שֶּׁמַּחֲרִישׁ לָאָדָם, אֵין זֶה בִּשְׁבִיל אקי"ה, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם, כִּי זֶה אֵין שַׁיָּךְ אֵצֶל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, אֵין זֶה אֶלָּא כְּדֵי שֶׁיְּקַבְּלוּ עָנְשָׁם בָּעוֹלָם הַבָּא, שֶׁאָז מְסַדְּרִין לְעֵינָיו עֲווֹנוֹתָיו, וְיוֹכִיחַ אוֹתוֹ עַל פָּנָיו, וְזֶה: אוֹכִיחֲךָ וְאֶעֶרְכָה לְעֵינֶיךָ:

EN (our paraphrase): For a person, by keeping silent, becomes Ekyeh, as explained. But when the Holy One, blessed be He, keeps silent with a person, it is not for that reason, Heaven forbid, for that does not apply to Him. It is only so that they receive their punishment in the World to Come, when his sins are set out before his eyes and He rebukes him to his face. And this is: I will rebuke you, and set it out before your eyes.

Part 4 — Running and Returning, and the Shape of the Aleph

Scene 2 · LM I:6 §4 · paragraph §4.1

וּכְשֶׁרוֹצֶה אָדָם לֵילֵךְ בְּדַרְכֵי הַתְּשׁוּבָה, צָרִיךְ לִהְיוֹת בָּקִי בַּהֲלָכָה, וְצָרִיךְ לִהְיוֹת לוֹ שְׁנֵי בְּקִיאוּת, הַיְנוּ בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא, בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: זַכָּאָה מַאן דְּעַיֵל וְנָפִיק. וְזֶה בְּחִינַת: אִם אֶסַּק שָׁמַיִם שָׁם אָתָּה – בְּחִינַת עַיֵל, בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא; וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךּ – בְּחִינַת וְנָפִיק, בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב.

EN (our paraphrase): When a person wants to walk in the ways of teshuvah, he must be expert in halachah, and he needs two kinds of expertise: expert in running forward and expert in returning, as the Zohar says: fortunate is one who enters and leaves. This is: if I ascend to the heavens, You are there; that is entering, expert in running. And if I make my bed in the depths, here You are; that is leaving, expert in returning.

Scene 4 · LM I:6 §4 · paragraph §4.2

וְזֶה: אֲנִי לְדוֹדִי וְדוֹדִי לִי. אֲנִי לְדוֹדִי – זֶה בְּחִינַת עַיֵל, וְדוֹדִי לִי – זֶה בְּחִינַת וְנָפִיק. וְזֶה סוֹד כַּוָּנַת אֱלוּל, וְזֶה עִקַּר כְּבוֹדוֹ.

EN (our paraphrase): And this is: I am my Beloved's, and my Beloved is mine. 'I am my Beloved's' is entering; 'and my Beloved is mine' is leaving. This is the secret of the kavanos of Elul. And this is the essence of His honour.

Scene 5 · LM I:6 §4 · paragraph §4.3, §4.4

וְזֶה: וְכִבַּדְתּוֹ מֵעֲשׂוֹת דְּרָכֶיךָ. דְּרָכֶיךָ – לְשׁוֹן רַבִּים, הַיְנוּ עַיֵל וְנָפִיק, וּכְשֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ אֵלּוּ הַשְּׁנֵי בְּקִיאוּת הַנַּ"ל, אֲזַי הוּא הוֹלֵךְ בְּדַרְכֵי הַתְּשׁוּבָה וְזוֹכֶה לִכְבוֹד ה', כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְכִבַּדְתּוֹ מֵעֲשׂוֹת דְּרָכֶיךָ; הַיְנוּ שֶׁזּוֹכֶה לְכֶּתֶר, כִּי לֵית כָּבוֹד בְּלֹא כָּף, וְאָז יְמִין ה' פְּשׁוּטָה לְקַבֵּל תְּשׁוּבָתוֹ. וְזֶה סוֹד כַּוָּנַת אֱלוּל:

EN (our paraphrase): And this is: and you shall honour it by not doing your own ways. 'Ways' is plural: entering and leaving. When he has these two kinds of expertise, he walks in the ways of teshuvah and earns the honour of Hashem; he earns keter, for there is no kavod without a kaf. And then the right hand of Hashem is stretched out to receive his teshuvah. This is the secret of the kavanos of Elul.

Scene 8 · LM I:6 §5 · paragraph §5.1

וְעַל־יְדֵי הַדְּמִימָה וְהַשְּׁתִיקָה נַעֲשֶׂה בְּחִינַת חִירִיק, כַּמּוּבָא בְּתִּקּוּנִים. וְתַחַת רַגְלָיו כְּמַעֲשֵׂה לִבְנַת הַסַּפִּיר – דָּא חִירִיק, וְזֶה בְּחִינַת: וְהָאָרֶץ הֲדֹם רַגְלָי – הֲדֹם זֶה בְּחִינַת דְּמִימָה. וְזֶה בְּחִינַת הַנְּקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה שֶׁל תְּמוּנַת א.

EN (our paraphrase): Through stillness and silence the chirik is formed, as the Tikkunei Zohar brings: and under His feet was like a work of sapphire brick; this is the chirik. And this is: and the earth is My footstool; hadom, footstool, is stillness. And this is the lower point in the shape of the aleph.

Scene 9 · LM I:6 §5 · paragraph §5.2

וּנְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה שֶׁעַל הָאָלֶף זֶה בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר, בְּחִינַת: וּמִמַּעַל לָרָקִיעַ אֲשֶׁר עַל רֹאשָׁם אֶבֶן סַפִּיר דְּמוּת כִּסֵּא, דְּמִתְכַּסְיָא לְעֵילָא מִוָּא"ו שֶׁבָּאָלֶ"ף, דְמִתְקַרְיָא רָקִיעַ, וְהַנְּקֻדָּה הִיא כִּסֵּא דְּמִתְכַּסְיָא, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: בַּמֻּפְלָא מִמְּךָ אַל תִּדְרֹשׁ, וּבַמְכֻסֶּה מִמְּךָ אַל תַּחְקֹר. וְזֶה בְּחִינַת: כְּבוֹד אֱלֹקִים הַסְתֵּר דָּבָר, בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר.

EN (our paraphrase): And the upper point above the aleph is keter, as it says: above the firmament over their heads, like sapphire stone, the likeness of a throne, kisei, which is covered, above the vav of the aleph that is called the firmament. The point is the covered throne, as it says: do not seek what is too wondrous for you, and do not search what is covered from you. And this is: the honour of Elokim is to conceal a matter; this is keter.

Scene 10 · LM I:6 §5 · paragraph §5.3

וְהַוָא"ו שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הָאָלֶף, הוּא רָקִיעַ, שָׁמַיִם, אֵשׁ וּמַיִם, בְּחִינַת הַבּוּשָׁה, שֶׁנִּשְׁתַּנָּה פָּנָיו לְכַמָּה גְּוָנִין. וְזֶה בְּחִינַת רָקִיעַ, כְּלָלִיּוּת הַגְּוָנִין,

EN (our paraphrase): And the vav inside the aleph is the firmament, shamayim, which is fire and water, esh and mayim. This is shame, when a person's face changes into several colours. And this is the firmament, all the colours together.

Scene 11 · LM I:6 §5 · paragraph §5.4

וְנַעֲשֶׂה עַל־יְדֵי־ זֶה אָדָם לָשֶׁבֶת עַל הַכִּסֵּא, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וּדְמוּת כְּמַרְאֵה אָדָם עָלָיו מִלְמָעְלָה; כִּי לֵית אָדָם בְּלֹא אָלֶ"ף. וְזֶה אוֹתִיּוֹת אָדָם, אָלֶ"ף דֹּם, הַיְנוּ עַל־יְדֵי דֹּם לַה', נַעֲשֶׂה אָלֶ"ף, וְנַעֲשֶׂה אָדָם לָשֶׁבֶת עַל הַכִּסֵּא.

EN (our paraphrase): And through this, a man, adam, is made to sit upon the throne, as it says: and a likeness like the appearance of a man upon it, above. For there is no adam without an aleph. And these are the letters of adam: aleph, dom. That is, through 'be still before Hashem', an aleph is made, and a man is made to sit upon the throne.

Scene 12 · LM I:6 §5 · paragraph §5.5

כִּי הַוָּא"ו שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הָאָלֶף הוּא רָקִיעַ, כְּלָלִיּוּת הַגְּוָנִין, הַיְנוּ הַבּוּשָׁה, כַּנַּ"ל. וְהַנְּקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה הִיא הַשְּׁתִיקָה וְהַדְּמִימָה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְהָאָרֶץ הֲדֹם רַגְלָי; וְזֶה בְּחִינַת חִירִיק, בְּחִינַת: וְתַחַת רַגְלָיו, וְהַנְּקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה הוּא כִּסֵּא דְּמִתְכַּסְיָא, בְּחִינַת תְּשׁוּבָה, בְּחִינַת: כְּבוֹד אֱלֹקִים הַסְתֵּר דָּבָר, בְּחִינַת: בַּמְּכֻסֶּה מִמְּךָ אַל תַּחְקֹר, בְּחִינַת: וּמִמַּעַל לָרָקִיעַ דְּמוּת כִּסֵּא וְכוּ'; וְנַעֲשֶׂה אָדָם לָשֶׁבֶת עַל הַכִּסֵּא, בְּחִינַת: כְּמַרְאֵה אָדָם עָלָיו מִלְמָעְלָה.

EN (our paraphrase): For the vav inside the aleph is the firmament, all the colours, that is shame. The lower point is silence and stillness: the earth is My footstool, the chirik, under His feet. And the upper point is the covered throne, teshuvah: the honour of Elokim is to conceal a matter; do not search what is covered from you; above the firmament, the likeness of a throne. And a man is made to sit upon the throne.

Part 5 — Moshe and Yehoshua, Sun and Moon

Scene 2 · LM I:6 §5 · paragraph §5.6

וְאָז נַעֲשֶׂה יִחוּד בֵּין חַמָּה לִלְבָנָה, שֶׁהַשֶּׁמֶשׁ מֵאִיר לַלְּבָנָה, וְנַעֲשֶׂה יִחוּד בֵּין משֶׁה וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ, כִּי פְּנֵי מֹשֶׁה כִּפְנֵי חַמָּה, וְדָא נְּקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה, בְּחִינַת כִּסֵּא, בְּחִינַת משֶׁה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְכִסְאוֹ כַּשֶּׁמֶשׁ נֶגְדִּי, בְּחִינַת: וּמִמַּעַל לָרָקִיעַ דְּמוּת כִּסֵּא;

EN (our paraphrase): And then there is a union of sun and moon, the sun shining onto the moon, and a union of Moshe and Yehoshua. For Moshe's face was like the face of the sun; and this is the upper point, the throne, Moshe, as it says: and his throne like the sun before Me; and: above the firmament, the likeness of a throne.

Scene 3 · LM I:6 §5 · paragraph §5.7

וְהַנְּקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה הִיא יְהוֹשֻׁעַ, בְּחִינַת לְבָנָה, בְּחִינַת: וְתַחַת רַגְלָיו כְּמַעֲשֵׂה לִבְנַת – דָּא לְבָנָה,

EN (our paraphrase): And the lower point is Yehoshua, the moon, as in: and under His feet like a work of livnas, the brick; this is levanah, the moon.

Scene 4 · LM I:6 §5 · paragraph §5.8

וְהַוָּא"ו שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הָאָלֶף הוּא הָרָקִיעַ, הוּא בְּחִינַת הָאֹהֶל, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ בִּן נוּן לֹא יָמִישׁ מִתּוֹךְ הָאֹהֶל; וְאֹהֶל הוּא רָקִיעַ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וַיִּמְתָּחֵם כָּאֹהֶל לָשָׁבֶת, וּכְתִיב: נוֹטֶה שָׁמַיִם כַּיְּרִיעָה, וְזֶה: יְרִיעוֹת הָאֹהֶל.

EN (our paraphrase): And the vav inside the aleph is the firmament, the tent, as it says: and Yehoshua bin Nun did not move from inside the tent. And a tent is the firmament, as it says: He spreads them out like a tent to dwell in; and it is written: He stretches out the heavens like a curtain; and this is: the curtains of the tent.

Scene 6 · LM I:6 §5 · paragraph §5.9

וְכִסֵּא הָעֶלְיוֹן, הַיְנוּ נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה, נֶחְלֶקֶת לְשָׁלֹשׁ טִפִּין. כִּי תְּשׁוּבָה צָרִיךְ לִהְיוֹת בְּשָׁלֹשׁ תְּנָאִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: פֶּן יִרְאֶה בְעֵינָיו, וּבְאָזְנָיו יִשְׁמָע, וּלְבָבוֹ יָבִין וְשָׁב.

EN (our paraphrase): And the upper throne, the upper point, divides into three drops. For teshuvah must have three conditions, as it says: lest he see with his eyes, and hear with his ears, and understand with his heart, and return.

Scene 7 · LM I:6 §5 · paragraph §5.10

וְאֵלּוּ הַשָּׁלֹשׁ בְּחִינוֹת הֵם נְקֻדַּת סֶגּוֹ"ל, וְסֶגּוֹל דָּא חַמָּה, הַיְנוּ: פְּנֵי משֶׁה כִּפְנֵי חַמָּה:

EN (our paraphrase): And these three are the vowel segol, and segol is the sun, as the Tikkunim say; that is: Moshe's face was like the face of the sun.

Scene 9 · Rabbah bar bar Chanah, as quoted in LM I:6 · paragraph §6.1, §6.2

וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ: אָמַר רַבָּה בַּר בַּר חָנָה: זִימְנָא חַדָּא הֲוָה אַזְלִינָן בְּמַדְבְּרָא, וַחֲזִינָן הַנֵי אַוָּזֵי דִּשְׁמִיטָן גַּדְפַיְהוּ מִשָּׁמְנַּיְהוּ, וְקָא נַגְדֵּי נַחֲלֵי דְּמִשְׁחָא מִתּוּתַיְהוּ. וְאַמִּינָא לְהוּ: אִית לִי מִנַּיְכוּ חוּלְקָא לְעַלְמָא דְּאָתִי. חַדָּא דַּלְיָא לִי אַטְמָא, וְחַדָּא דַּלְיָא לִי גַּדְפָא. כִּי אֲתָאִי לְקַמֵּיהּ דְּרַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר, אָמַר לִי: עֲתִידִין יִשְׂרָאֵל לִתֵּן עֲלֵיהֶם אֶת הַדִּין:

EN (our paraphrase): And this is the explanation. Rabbah bar bar Chanah said: once we were travelling in the desert, and we saw geese whose feathers were falling out from their fatness, and streams of oil flowed beneath them. I said to them: will I have a share of you in the World to Come? One lifted a leg to me, and one lifted a wing to me. When I came before Rabbi Elazar, he said to me: Israel will one day have to give judgment over them.

Scene 11 · LM I:6 §6 · paragraph §6.3, §6.4

שֶׁהָלַךְ לַחֲקֹר בַּמִּדָּה הַטּוֹבָה שֶׁל עֲנָוָה, שֶׁאָדָם מֵשִׂים עַצְמוֹ כַּמִּדְבָּר לָדוּשׁ, שֶׁהַכֹּל דָּשִׁין עָלָיו. וְרָאָה חֲכָמִים, וְזֶה בְּחִינַת אַוָּזֵי, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: הָרוֹאֶה אַוָּז בַּחֲלוֹם, יְצַפֶּה לְחָכְמָה.

EN (our paraphrase): He went to explore the good trait of humility, when a person makes himself like a desert to be trodden on, so that everyone treads on him. And he saw sages: this is the geese, as the Sages said: one who sees a goose in a dream may hope for wisdom.

Scene 12 · LM I:6 §6 · paragraph §6.5

דִּשְׁמִיטָן גַּדְפַיְהוּ – פֵּרֵשׁ רַשִׁ"י: נוֹצוֹת. זֶה בְּחִינַת מַחֲלֹקֶת וּבִזְיוֹנוֹת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: כִּי יִנָּצוּ אֲנָשִׁים; הַיְנוּ שֶׁאֵין מַשְׁגִּיחִין עַל מַחֲלֹקֶת וּבִזְיוֹנוֹת שֶׁמְּבַזִּין אוֹתָן, וְשׁוֹמְעִים חֶרְפָּתָן וְאֵינָם מְשִׁיבִים. וְעַל שֵׁם הַשְּׁתִיקָה נִקְרָאִים חֲכָמִים, כִּי סְיָג לַחָכְמָה – שְׁתִיקָה. כִּי הַשְּׁתִיקָה הִיא בְּחִינוֹת כֶּתֶר.

EN (our paraphrase): Their feathers were falling out: Rashi explains, plumes, notzos. This is strife and insults, as it says: when men quarrel, yinatzu. That is, they pay no attention to strife and insults against them; they hear their shame and do not answer. And because of their silence they are called sages, for a fence for wisdom is silence. For silence is keter.

Scene 13 · LM I:6 §6 · paragraph §6.6

וְזֶה לְשׁוֹן דִּשְׁמִיטָּן, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: שָׁמוֹט כָּל בַּעַל מַשֵּׁה יָדוֹ, הַיְנוּ שֶׁלֹּא יִתְבַּע עֶלְבּוֹנוֹ.

EN (our paraphrase): And this is the word for falling, dishmitan, as it says: every creditor shall release, shamot, what he has lent; that is, he does not demand redress for his humiliation.

Part 6 — Rivers of Oil, and Israel on the Throne

Scene 2 · LM I:6 §6 · paragraph §6.7

הַיְנוּ בִּשְׁבִיל זֶה שׁוֹמְעִין חֶרְפָּתָן וְאֵינָם מְשִׁיבִים, כִּי זֶה עוֹשִׂין בִּשְׁבִיל תְּשׁוּבָה עַל עֲווֹנוֹתָם, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וַיִּשְׁמַן יְשֻׁרוּן, בְּחִינַת הַשְׁמֵן לֵב כוּ', וְאָזְנָיו כוּ', פֶּן יִרְאֶה כוּ', שֶׁהַתְּשׁוּבָה צָרִיךְ לִהְיוֹת בִּשְׁלֹשָׁה תְּנָאִים אֵלּוּ.

EN (our paraphrase): that is, this is why they hear their shame and do not answer: they do it as teshuvah for their sins, as it says: and Yeshurun grew fat. This is 'make the heart fat, and its ears heavy, lest it see'; for teshuvah needs these three conditions.

Scene 3 · LM I:6 §6 · paragraph §6.8

וְנַגְדֵּי נַחֲלֵי דְּמִשְׁחָא מִתְּחוֹתַיְהוּ – הַיְנוּ עַל־יְדֵי הַשְּׁתִיקָה זוֹכִין לְכָבוֹד אֱלֹקִי, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת שֶׁמֶן, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: אָהַבְתָּ צֶּדֶק וַתִּשְׂנָא רֶשַׁע, עַל־כֵּן מְשָׁחֲךָ; וְזֶה בְּחִינַת: מֶלֶךְ הַכָּבוֹד.

EN (our paraphrase): And streams of oil flowed beneath them: through silence they earn Divine honour, which is oil, as it says: you loved righteousness and hated wickedness, therefore He anointed you. And this is: the King of honour.

Scene 5 · LM I:6 §6 · paragraph §6.9, §6.10, §6.11

וְאַמִּינָא לְהוּ: אִית לִי מִנַּיְכוּ חוּלְקָא לְעַלְמָא דְּאָתִי, חַדָּא דַּלְיָא לִי אַטְמָא – זֶה בְּחִינַת: וְהָאָרֶץ הֲדֹם רַגְלָי, בְּחִינַת נְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה, כַּנַּ"ל. וְחַדָּא דַּלְיָא לִי כָּנָף – זֶה בְּחִינַת כִּסֵּא, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְלֹא יִכָּנֵף עוֹד מוֹרֶיךָ, זֶה בְּחִינַת הַנְּקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה. הַיְנוּ שֶׁהֶרְאוּ לְרַבָּה בַּר בַּר חַנָה, שֶׁגַּם הוּא זָכָה לְאֵלּוּ הַבְּחִינוֹת.

EN (our paraphrase): I said to them: will I have a share of you in the World to Come? One lifted a leg to me: this is 'the earth is My footstool', the lower point. And one lifted a wing, kanaf, to me: this is the throne, as it says: your teacher will no longer be hidden, yikanef; this is the upper point. That is, they showed Rabbah bar bar Chanah that he too had attained these levels.

Scene 7 · LM I:6 §6 · paragraph §6.12

אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר: עֲתִידִין יִשְׂרָאֵל לִתֵּן עֲלֵיהֶם אֶת הַדִּין, כִּי יִשְׂרָאֵל נִקְרָאִים אָדָם, וְקוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא וְיִשְׂרָאֵל כֻּלָּא חַד. וְיִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁהֵם בְּחִינַת אָדָם, יֵשְׁבוּ עַל הַכִּסֵּא, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְעַל הַכִּסֵּא דְּמוּת כְּמַרְאֵה אָדָם; וְיִשְׂרָאֵל יִתְּנוּ דִּין לְכָל בָּאֵי עוֹלָם, הַיְנוּ הֵם יִשְׁפְּטוּ בְּעַצְמָן כָּל הַדִּינִין:

EN (our paraphrase): Rabbi Elazar said: Israel will one day give judgment over them. For Israel are called adam, and the Holy One, blessed be He, and Israel are all one. And Israel, who are adam, will sit upon the throne, as it says: and upon the throne, a likeness like the appearance of a man. And Israel will give judgment to all who come into the world; they themselves will judge all judgments.

Scene 8 · LM I:6 §7 · paragraph §7.1, §7.2

וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ: יַדְבֵּר עַמִּים תַּחְתֵּינוּ וּלְאֻמִּים תַּחַת רַגְלֵינוּ – זֶה בְּחִינַת חִירִיק, נְּקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה שֶׁל אָלֶף, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת: וְתַחַת רַגְלָיו, בְּחִינַת: וְהָאָרֶץ הֲדֹם רַגְלָי.

EN (our paraphrase): And this is the explanation of the verse: He subdues peoples under us, and nations beneath our feet. This is the chirik, the lower point of the aleph, 'and under His feet', 'and the earth is My footstool'.

Scene 9 · LM I:6 §7 · paragraph §7.3

יִבְחַר לָנוּ אֶת נַחֲלָתֵנוּ – זֶה בְּחִינַת מֹשֶׁה, בְּחִינַת נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה שֶׁל הָאָלֶף, בְּחִינַת: וּמִמַּעַל לָרָקִיעַ דְּמוּת כִּסֵּא, וְכִסְאוֹ כַּשֶּׁמֶשׁ, פְּנֵי מֹשֶׁה כִּפְנֵי חַמָּה, כְּמַאֲמַר חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: ר' שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר: נַחֲלָה – זוֹ שִׁילֹה; שִׁילֹה – דָּא משֶׁה.

EN (our paraphrase): He chooses our inheritance for us: this is Moshe, the upper point of the aleph: 'above the firmament the likeness of a throne', 'his throne like the sun', 'Moshe's face like the face of the sun'. As the Sages said: Rabbi Shimon says, inheritance is Shiloh; and the Zohar says, Shiloh is Moshe.

Scene 10 · LM I:6 §7 · paragraph §7.4

אֶת גְּאוֹן יַעֲקֹב – זֶה בְּחִינַת וָא"ו שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ אָלֶ"ף, בְּחִינַת אֹהֶל, בְּחִינַת אוֹר, שֶׁמֹּשֶׁה מֵאִיר לִיהוֹשֻׁעַ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וְיַעֲקֹב אִישׁ תָּם יוֹשֵׁב אֹהָלִים:

EN (our paraphrase): The pride of Yaakov: this is the vav inside the aleph, the tent, the light that Moshe shines to Yehoshua, as it says: and Yaakov was a wholesome man, dwelling in tents.

Scene 11 · LM I:6 §7 · paragraph §7.5, §7.6

וְזֶה בְּחִינַת שְׁלֹשָׁה דְּבָרִים שֶׁנִּצְטַוּוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁיְּכַלּוּ זַרְעוֹ שֶׁל עֲמָלֵק, זֶה בְּחִינַת: יַדְבֵּר עַמִּים תַּחְתֵּינוּ; וּלְמַנּוֹת לָהֶם מֶלֶךְ, זֶה בְּחִינַת: גְּאוֹן יַעֲקֹב, בְּחִינַת: דָּרַךְ כּוֹכָב מִיַּעֲקֹב, בְּחִינַת מֶלֶךְ; וְלִבְנוֹת לָהֶם בֵּית הַבְּחִירָה, זֶה בְּחִינַת משֶׁה, בְּחִינַת דַּעַת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: מִי שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ דֵּעָה, כְּאִלּוּ נִבְנָה בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ בְּיָמָיו, וְזֶה בְּחִינַת: יִבְחַר לָנוּ אֶת נַחֲלָתֵנוּ:

EN (our paraphrase): And this is the three things Israel were commanded: to wipe out the seed of Amalek, that is 'He subdues peoples under us'; to appoint a king, that is 'the pride of Yaakov', 'a star steps forth from Yaakov', a king; and to build the Chosen House, that is Moshe, knowledge, as the Sages said: one who has knowledge, it is as if the Temple was built in his days. And this is: He chooses our inheritance for us.

Part 7 — Call Yehoshua: The Verse, and the Kavanos of Elul

Scene 2 · LM I:6 §8 · paragraph §8.1, §8.2

וְזֶה פֵּרוּשׁ: וַיֹּאמֶר ה' אֶל משֶׁה קְרָא אֶת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ. משֶׁה הוּא נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה, וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ הוּא נְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה.

EN (our paraphrase): And this is the explanation. And Hashem said to Moshe: call Yehoshua. Moshe is the upper point, and Yehoshua is the lower point.

Scene 3 · LM I:6 §8 · paragraph §8.3

וְהִתְיַצְּבוּ בְּאֹהֶל – זֶה בְּחִינַת הָרָקִיעַ, בְּחִינַת הַוָּא"ו שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הָאָלֶ"ף.

EN (our paraphrase): And present yourselves in the tent: this is the firmament, the vav inside the aleph.

Scene 4 · LM I:6 §8 · paragraph §8.4

וַאֲצַוֶּנּוּ – כִּי משֶׁה הָיָה צָרִיךְ אָז לִמְסֹר הַכֹּל לִיהוֹשֻׁעַ, וְאֵין שִׁלְטוֹן בְּיוֹם הַמָּוֶת, כִּי בִּשְׁעַת הִסְתַּלְּקוּת הַצַּדִּיק אֵין לוֹ שְׁלִיטָה וְכֹחַ לְהָאִיר לִיהוֹשֻׁעַ, עַל כֵּן דִּיֵּק: וַאֲצַוֶּנּוּ – אֲנִי בְּעַצְמִי, כִּי חָזְרָה הַמֶּמְשָׁלָה לְהַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא:

EN (our paraphrase): And I will command him: for Moshe then had to hand everything over to Yehoshua, but there is no rule on the day of death. At the passing of the tzaddik he has no power or strength to shine to Yehoshua. That is why it says 'and I will command him', I Myself; for the rule returned to the Holy One, blessed be He.

Scene 6 · LM I:6 §9 · paragraph §9.1

וּכְלָל כָּל הָעִנְיָן כָּלוּל בִּתְמוּנַת אָלֶ"ף, שֶׁהוּא נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה, וְנְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה וְוָא"ו. וְדוֹק מְאֹד.

EN (our paraphrase): The whole matter is contained in the shape of the aleph: the upper point, the lower point, and the vav. Look into this very carefully.

Scene 7 · LM I:6 §9 · paragraph §9.2

וְהוּא עִנְיָן שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה, שֶׁקֹּדֶם כְּנִיסַת יִשְׂרָאֵל לָאָרֶץ הֻזְהֲרוּ לְקַיֵּם שָׁלֹשׁ מִצְווֹת: לְהַכְרִית זַרְעוֹ שֶׁל עֲמָלֵק, וְלִבְנוֹת לָהֶם בֵּית הַבְּחִירָה, וּלְמַנּוֹת מֶלֶךְ.

EN (our paraphrase): And this is what the Sages said: before Israel entered the Land, they were commanded to keep three mitzvos: to cut off the seed of Amalek, to build the Chosen House, and to appoint a king.

Scene 8 · LM I:6 §9 · paragraph §9.3

לְהַכְרִית זַרְעוֹ שֶׁל עֲמָלֵק הִיא בְּחִינַת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ, נְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה, כִּי עִקַּר מְחִיַּת עֲמָלֵק תָּלוּי בִּיהוֹשֻׁעַ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: צֵא הִלָּחֵם בַּעֲמָלֵק, וְכַמְּבֹאָר בַּזֹּהַר הָעִנְיָן.

EN (our paraphrase): Cutting off the seed of Amalek is Yehoshua, the lower point, for wiping out Amalek depends mainly on Yehoshua, as it says: go out and fight Amalek; and as the Zohar explains.

Scene 9 · LM I:6 §9 · paragraph §9.4

וְלִבְנוֹת בֵּית הַבְּחִירָה הוּא בְּחִינַת משֶׁה, נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה, כִּי מִי שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ דֵּעָה, כְּאִלּוּ נִבְנֶה בֵּית־הַמִּקְדָּשׁ בְּיָמָיו, וּמשֶׁה הוּא בְּחִינַת הַדַּעַת.

EN (our paraphrase): Building the Chosen House is Moshe, the upper point, for one who has knowledge, it is as if the Temple was built in his days; and Moshe is knowledge.

Scene 10 · LM I:6 §9 · paragraph §9.5

וּלְמַנּוֹת מֶלֶךְ הוּא בְּחִינַת רָקִיעַ, הַוָּא"ו שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הָאָלֶ"ף, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: דָּרַךְ כּוֹכָב מִיַּעֲקֹב, שֶׁקָּאִי עַל שֶׁיָּקוּם מֶלֶךְ מִיַּעֲקֹב, וְדָרַךְ כּוֹכָב הוּא בְּחִינַת רָקִיעַ, שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ כּוֹכָבִים וּמַזָּלוֹת. וְהַיְנוּ מִיַּעֲקֹב, כִּי יַעֲקֹב אִישׁ תָּם יֹשֵׁב אֹהָלִים, בְּחִינַת רָקִיעַ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: וַיִּמְתָּחֵם כָּאֹהֶל, כַּמְּבֹאָר בַּזֹּהַר, שֶׁיַּעֲקֹב הוּא בְּחִינָת וָא"ו,

EN (our paraphrase): And appointing a king is the firmament, the vav inside the aleph, as it says: a star steps forth from Yaakov, said of a king who will arise from Yaakov; and a star belongs to the firmament, which holds stars and constellations. And 'from Yaakov', for Yaakov, a wholesome man dwelling in tents, is the firmament, as it says: He spreads them out like a tent; and as the Zohar explains, Yaakov is the vav.

Scene 11 · LM I:6 §9 · paragraph §9.6

כִּי שָׁלֹשׁ מִצְווֹת אֵלּוּ הֵם בְּחִינַת תְּשׁוּבָה, וְהָבֵן.

EN (our paraphrase): For these three mitzvos are teshuvah. Understand this.

Scene 13 · LM I:6 §10 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §10.1, §10.2

שַׁיָּךְ לְעֵיל, וְזֶה סוֹד כַּוָּנוֹת אֱלוּל. שָׁמַעְתִּי קְצָת כְּטִפָּה מִן הַיָּם. עַיֵּן שָׁם בַּכַּוָּנוֹת שֶׁל אֱלוּל, מְבֹאָר שָׁם, שֶׁכְּלָל כַּוָּנוֹת אֱלוּל הוּא, "הַנּוֹתֵן בַּיָּם דֶּרֶךְ" – שֶׁצְּרִיכִין לְהָאִיר בְּחִינַת דֶּרֶךְ בַּיָּם וְכוּ',

EN (our paraphrase): Belonging to the above. This is the secret of the kavanos of Elul. I heard a little of it, like a drop from the sea. See there, in the kavanos of Elul: it is explained that the whole of Elul's kavanos is 'Who makes a way in the sea', that one must bring light to a way in the sea.

Scene 14 · LM I:6 §10 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §10.2

וְזֶה הַדֶּרֶךְ הוּא בְּחִינַת שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים הַשֵּׁם יב"ק, כִּי שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים יב"ק עוֹלֶה דֶּרֶךְ, וְזֶה נִמְשָׁךְ מִבְּחִינַת שְׁנֵי שֵׁמוֹת, שֶׁהֵם קס"א ס"ג, כִּי אֵלּוּ שְׁנֵי שֵׁמוֹת קס"א ס"ג הֵם עוֹלִים בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים יב"ק, שֶׁהוּא בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא דֶּרֶךְ כַּנַּ"ל.

EN (our paraphrase): And this way is twice the Name Yabok, for twice Yabok equals derech, a way. And this is drawn from two Names, Kasa and Sag, for these two Names together equal twice Yabok, which is the number of derech, as above.

Scene 16 · LM I:6 §10 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §10.3

וְצָרִיךְ לְכַוֵּן שֵׁם קס"א בְּסֶגּוֹל, וְשֵׁם ס"ג בְּחִירִיק.

EN (our paraphrase): And one should have in mind the Name Kasa with a segol, and the Name Sag with a chirik.

Scene 17 · LM I:6 §10 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §10.4

וְסֶגּוֹל דְקס"א וְחִירִיק דְס"ג הֵם עוֹלִים תָּי"ו, כִּי שֵׁם קס"א הוּא שֵׁם אקי"ק בְּמִלּוּאוֹ כָּזֶה: אל"ף ק"י יו"ד ק"י, שֶׁהֵם יוּ"ד אוֹתִיּוֹת, וְכָל אַחַת נְקֻדָּה בְּסֶגּוֹל, וְסֶגּוֹל הוּא שָׁלֹשׁ נְקֻדּוֹת, וְעַל כֵּן הוּא עוֹלֶה שְׁלֹשִׁים,

EN (our paraphrase): And the segol of Kasa and the chirik of Sag together come to tav, four hundred. For Kasa is the Name Ekyeh spelled out like this: aleph, kei, yud, kei, which are ten letters, each with a segol. A segol is three dots, so it counts thirty.

Scene 18 · LM I:6 §10 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §10.4

וְעַל כֵּן יוּ"ד פְּעָמִים סֶגּוֹל עוֹלֶה שִׁי"ן, וְס"ג הֵם יוּ"ד אוֹתִיּוֹת שֶׁל מִלּוּי הֲוָיָ"ה, יו"ד ק"י וא"ו ק"י, וְכָל אַחַת נְקֻדָּה בְּחִירִיק, עוֹלֶה ק',

EN (our paraphrase): So ten times segol comes to shin, three hundred. And Sag is the ten letters of the Name Havayah spelled out, yud, kei, vav, kei, each with a chirik, which comes to one hundred.

Scene 19 · LM I:6 §10 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §10.5, §10.6

וּשְׁנֵיהֶם, חִירִיק דְס"ג וְסֶגּוֹל דְקס"א עוֹלִים יַחַד תָּי"ו, בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא פְּשׁוּטָה, וְאָז עַל־יְדֵי כָּל בְּחִינוֹת הַנַּ"ל, הַיָּמִין פְּשׁוּטָה לְקַבֵּל תְּשׁוּבָתוֹ, כִּי יָמִין בְּמִלּוּאוֹ עוֹלֶה דֶּרֶךְ עִם הַשָּׁלֹשׁ אוֹתִיּוֹת, שֶׁהוּא שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים יב"ק וְכוּ', עַיֵּן שָׁם. כָּל זֶה מְבֹאָר מִתּוֹךְ כַּוָּנַת אֱלוּל:

EN (our paraphrase): And both together, the chirik of Sag and the segol of Kasa, come to tav, four hundred, in simple count. And then, through all the above, the right hand is outstretched to receive his teshuvah. For yamin, right hand, spelled out, together with its three letters, equals derech, twice Yabok; see there. All this is explained from the kavanos of Elul.

Part 8 — Never Stand Still, Never Despair

Scene 3 · LM I:6 §11 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §11.1

וְעַתָּה בּוֹא וּרְאֵה וְהָבֵן אֵיךְ כָּל הַכַּוָּנוֹת הַנַּ"ל מְרֻמָּזִים וְנֶעֱלָמִים בְּדֶרֶךְ נִפְלָא וְנוֹרָא מְאֹד בְּתוֹךְ הַתּוֹרָה הַנַּ"ל. כִּי מְבֹאָר שָׁם, שֶׁמִּי שֶׁרוֹצֶה לַעֲשׂוֹת תְּשׁוּבָה, צָרִיךְ שֶׁיִּהְיֶה לוֹ שְׁנֵי בְּקִיאוּת, הַיְנוּ בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת עַיֵל וְנָפִיק, בְּחִינַת: אִם אֶסַּק שָׁמַיִם שָׁם אָתָּה, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא, וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךָ, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב וְכוּ', כַּמְבֹאָר לְעֵיל, עַיֵּן שָׁם.

EN (our paraphrase): And now come and see how all these kavanos are hinted and hidden, in a wondrous and awesome way, inside the Torah above. For it explains there that one who wants to do teshuvah needs two kinds of expertise, expert in running and expert in returning, entering and leaving: if I ascend to the heavens, You are there, expert in running; and if I make my bed in the depths, here You are, expert in returning, as explained above.

Scene 4 · LM I:6 §11 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §11.2

וְהַפֵּרוּשׁ הַפָּשׁוּט הוּא, שֶׁמִּי שֶׁרוֹצֶה לֵילֵךְ בְּדַרְכֵי הַתְּשׁוּבָה, צָרִיךְ לַחֲגֹר מָתְנָיו, שֶׁיִּתְחַזֵּק עַצְמוֹ בְּדַרְכֵי ה' תָּמִיד, בֵּין בַּעֲלִיָּה בֵּין בִּירִידָה, שֶׁהֵם בְּחִינַת: אִם אֶסַּק שָׁמַיִם וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל וְכוּ'; הַיְנוּ בֵּין שֶׁיִּזְכֶּה לְאֵיזוֹ עֲלִיָּה, לְאֵיזוֹ מַדְרֵגָה גְּדוֹלָה,

EN (our paraphrase): The plain meaning is this. One who wants to walk in the ways of teshuvah must gird his loins and strengthen himself in the ways of Hashem always, whether going up or going down: 'if I ascend to the heavens' and 'if I make my bed in the depths'. That is, even if he reaches some ascent, some great level,

Scene 5 · LM I:6 §11 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §11.2

אַל יַעֲמֹד שָׁם, וְלֹא יִסְתַּפֵּק עַצְמוֹ בָּזֶה, רַק צָרִיךְ שֶׁיִּהְיֶה בָּקִי בָּזֶה מְאֹד לֵידַע וּלְהַאֲמִין שֶׁהוּא צָרִיךְ לָלֶכֶת יוֹתֵר וְיוֹתֵר וְכוּ', שֶׁזֶּהוּ בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא, בִּבְחִינַת עַיֵל, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת: אִם אֶסַּק שָׁמַיִם שָׁם אָתָּה.

EN (our paraphrase): even so he should not stand still there and be satisfied with it. He must be very expert in this: to know and believe that he must go further and further. That is expert in running, entering: if I ascend to the heavens, You are there.

Scene 7 · LM I:6 §11 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §11.3

וְכֵן לְהֵפֶךְ, שֶׁאֲפִלּוּ אִם יִפֹּל, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם, לְמָקוֹם שֶׁיִּפֹּל, אֲפִלּוּ בִּשְׁאוֹל תַּחְתִּיּוֹת, גַּם כֵּן אַל יִתְיָאֵשׁ עַצְמוֹ לְעוֹלָם, וְתָמִיד יְחַפֵּשׂ וִיבַקֵּשׁ אֶת הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ, וִיחַזֵּק עַצְמוֹ בְּכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁהוּא בְּכָל מַה שֶׁיּוּכַל, כִּי גַּם בִּשְׁאוֹל תַּחְתִּיוֹת נִמְצָא הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ, וְגַם שָׁם יְכוֹלִין לְדַּבֵּק אֶת עַצְמוֹ אֵלָיו יִתְבָּרַךְ,

EN (our paraphrase): And the opposite too: even if he falls, Heaven forbid, wherever he falls, even to the lowest depths, he should never give up hope. He should always search for and seek Hashem, and strengthen himself wherever he is, with whatever he can. For Hashem is found even in the lowest depths, and even there one can cling to Him.

Scene 8 · LM I:6 §11 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §11.3

וְזֶה בְּחִינַת: וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךָּ; וְזֶה בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב, כִּי אִי אֶפְשָׁר לֵילֵךְ בְּדַרְכֵי הַתְּשׁוּבָה, כִּי אִם כְּשֶׁבָּקִי בִּשְׁנֵי הַבְּקִיאוּת הָאֵלּוּ.

EN (our paraphrase): And this is: if I make my bed in the depths, here You are. And this is expert in returning; for one cannot walk in the ways of teshuvah unless he is expert in both of these.

Scene 10 · LM I:6 §11 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §11.4

וְדִקְדֵּק רַבֵּנוּ זִכְרוֹנוֹ לִבְרָכָה, וְקָרָא עִנְיָן זֶה בִּלְשׁוֹן בָּקִי, כִּי הִיא בְּקִיאוּת גָּדוֹל מְאֹד מְאֹד, שֶׁיִּזְכֶּה לֵידַע לְיַגֵּעַ עַצְמוֹ וְלִטְרֹחַ בַּעֲבוֹדַת ה' תָּמִיד, וּלְצַפּוֹת בְּכָל עֵת לְהַגִּיעַ לְמַדְרֵגָה גָּבוֹהַּ יוֹתֵר, וְאַף־עַל־פִּי־כֵן אַל יִפֹּל מִשּׁוּם דָּבָר, וַאֲפִלּוּ אִם יִהְיֶה אֵיךְ שֶׁיִּהְיֶה, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם, אַף־עַל־פִּי־כֵן אַל יִפֹּל בְּדַעְתּוֹ כְּלָל, וִיקַיֵּם וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךָּ, כַּנַּ"ל:

EN (our paraphrase): Our Rebbe chose his words precisely and called this expertise, for it is a very, very great expertise: to know how to toil and labour in the service of Hashem always, hoping at every moment to reach a higher level, and yet not to fall over anything. However things may be, Heaven forbid, he should not fall in his mind at all, and should keep 'if I make my bed in the depths, here You are'.

Part 9 — Two Expertises, Two Names, One Way

Scene 2 · LM I:6 §12 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §12.1

וְעַל־פִּי סוֹד נֶעְלָם בָּזֶה סוֹד כַּוָּנוֹת אֱלוּל הַנַּ"ל, כִּי בָּקִי הוּא בְּחִינַת שֵׁם יב"ק הַנַּ"ל, שֶׁהוּא אוֹתִיּוֹת בָּקִי, וְזֶה שֶׁזּוֹכֶה לִשְׁנֵי הַבְּקִיאוּת הַנַּ"ל, שֶׁהֵם שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים בָּקִי, דְּהַיְנוּ בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב, עַל־יְדֵי־זֶה זוֹכֶה לְדֶרֶךְ הַתְּשׁוּבָה,

EN (our paraphrase): According to the hidden wisdom, the secret of the kavanos of Elul is concealed here. For baki, expert, is the Name Yabok, which has the letters of baki. And when he earns the two kinds of expertise, twice baki, expert in running and expert in returning, through this he earns the way of teshuvah.

Scene 3 · LM I:6 §12 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §12.1

כִּי שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים בָּקִי, שֶׁהֵם בְּחִינַת שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים יב"ק הַנַּ"ל, עוֹלֶה בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא דֶּרֶךְ כַּנַּ"ל. כִּי עַל־פִּי הַכַּוָּנוֹת נַעֲשֶׂה זֶה הַדֶּרֶךְ מִבְּחִינַת סֶגּוֹל דְקס"א וְחִירִיק דְס"ג, שֶׁהֵם בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים יב"ק, כַּנַּ"ל.

EN (our paraphrase): For twice baki, which is twice Yabok, equals derech, a way. And according to the kavanos, this way is made from the segol of Kasa and the chirik of Sag, which equal twice Yabok, as above.

Scene 4 · LM I:6 §12 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §12.2

וְזֶה בְּעַצְמוֹ סוֹד בְּחִינַת שְׁנֵי הַבְּקִיאוּת הַנַּ"ל, כִּי בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת אֶסַּק שָׁמַיִם, זֶה בְּחִינַת סֶגּוֹל דְקס"א, כִּי אֶסַּק אוֹתִיּוֹת קס"א;

EN (our paraphrase): And this itself is the secret of the two expertises. Expert in running, which is 'I ascend to the heavens', is the segol of Kasa; for esak, I ascend, has the letters of Kasa.

Scene 5 · LM I:6 §12 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §12.3

וּבָקִי בְּשׁוֹב, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת: וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךָּ, זֶה בְּחִינַת חִירִיק דְס"ג, מִלְּשׁוֹן: אַל תַּסֵּג גְּבוּל עוֹלָם, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת שֶׁמַּסִּיג גְּבוּלוֹ וּמַחֲזִירוֹ לַאֲחוֹרָיו, שֶׁזֶּה בְּחִינַת יְרִידָה, שֶׁהָאָדָם נוֹפֵל, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם, מִמַּדְרֵגָתוֹ, וְהוּא נָסוֹג אָחוֹר, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם, אַף־עַל־פִּי־כֵן יְחַזֵּק אֶת עַצְמוֹ, וְאַל יִתְיָאֵשׁ עַצְמוֹ לְעוֹלָם, כִּי גַּם שָׁם נִמְצָא הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ, בִּבְחִינַת: וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךָּ כַּנַּ"ל, וְזֶה בְּחִינַת שֵׁם ס"ג כַּנַּ"ל.

EN (our paraphrase): And expert in returning, 'if I make my bed in the depths', is the chirik of Sag, from: do not move back, tasig, the ancient boundary; one pushes back his boundary and turns him backward. That is a descent, when a person falls, Heaven forbid, from his level and slips back. Even so he should strengthen himself and never despair, for Hashem is found there too: 'if I make my bed in the depths, here You are'. And this is the Name Sag.

Scene 7 · LM I:6 §12 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §12.4

כִּי סֶגּוֹל דָּא חַמָּה, שֶׁהוּא נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה שֶׁעַל הָאָלֶ"ף, הַנֶּחֱלֶקֶת לְשָׁלֹשׁ טִפִּין, שֶׁזֶּהוּ בְּחִינַת אֶסַּק שָׁמַיִם, בְּחִינַת סֶגּוֹל דְקס"א, שֶׁהוּא אוֹתִיּוֹת אֶסַּק, כַּנַּ"ל; וְחִירִיק הוּא בְּחִינַת נְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה שֶׁל הָאָלֶ"ף, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת: וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךָּ, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת חִירִיק דְס"ג הַנַּ"ל.

EN (our paraphrase): For segol is the sun, the upper point above the aleph, which divides into three drops; that is 'I ascend to the heavens', the segol of Kasa, the letters of esak. And chirik is the lower point of the aleph, 'if I make my bed in the depths', the chirik of Sag.

Scene 8 · LM I:6 §12 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §12.5

וְזֶה שֶׁכָּתַב שָׁם לְמַעְלָה בְּהַתּוֹרָה הַנַּ"ל: "וּכְשֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ אֵלּוּ הַשְּׁנֵי בְּקִיאוּת הַנַּ"ל אֲזַי הוּא הוֹלֵךְ בְּדַרְכֵי הַתְּשׁוּבָה", כִּי מִשְּׁנֵי פְּעָמִים בָּקִי, שֶׁהֵם בְּחִינַת קס"א וְס"ג, אֶסַּק שָׁמַיִם וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל וְכוּ' – עַל־יְדֵי־זֶה נַעֲשֶׂה בְּחִינַת דֶּרֶךְ, שֶׁהוּא בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים בָּקִי, שֶׁהֵם קס"א וְס"ג וְכוּ' כַּנַּ"ל,

EN (our paraphrase): And this is what it said above in the Torah: 'when he has these two kinds of expertise, he walks in the ways of teshuvah'. For from twice baki, which is Kasa and Sag, 'I ascend to the heavens' and 'I make my bed in the depths', the way, derech, is made, which equals twice baki, Kasa and Sag.

Scene 9 · LM I:6 §12 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §12.6

כִּי עִקַּר דֶּרֶךְ הַתְּשׁוּבָה זוֹכִין עַל־יְדֵי שְׁנֵי הַבְּקִיאוּת הַנַּ"ל, וְאָז יְמִין ה' פְּשׁוּטָה לְקַבֵּל תְּשׁוּבָתוֹ, כִּי יָמִין בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא דֶּרֶךְ, שֶׁהֵם שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים בָּקִי כַּנַּ"ל. וּ"פְשׁוּטָה" בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא סֶגּוֹל דְקס"א וְחִירִיק דְס"ג,

EN (our paraphrase): For the way of teshuvah is earned mainly through these two expertises, and then the right hand of Hashem is outstretched to receive his teshuvah. For yamin, right hand, equals derech, twice baki; and peshutah, outstretched, equals the segol of Kasa and the chirik of Sag,

Scene 10 · LM I:6 §12 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §12.7

שֶׁהֵם בְּעַצְמָם בְּחִינַת נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה וּנְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה, שֶׁהֵם בְּחִינַת מַה שֶּׁצְּרִיכִין לְבַקֵּשׁ הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ תָּמִיד, הֵן לְמַעְלָה הֵן לְמַטָּה, בְּחִינַת: אִם אֶסַּק שָׁמַיִם שָׁם אָתָּה, וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךָּ, שֶׁהֵם בְּחִינַת שְׁנֵי הַבְּקִיאוּת הַנַּ"ל, וְעַל כֵּן כְּשֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ שְׁנֵי הַבְּקִיאוּת הַנַּ"ל, אָז הוּא הוֹלֵךְ בְּדַרְכֵי הַתְּשׁוּבָה, וְאָז יְמִין ה' פְּשׁוּטָה לְקַבֵּל תְּשׁוּבָתוֹ. וְהָבֵן הַדְּבָרִים הֵיטֵב, כִּי הֵם דְּבָרִים עֲמֻקִּים מְאֹד:

EN (our paraphrase): which are themselves the upper point and the lower point: that one must seek Hashem always, both above and below, 'if I ascend to the heavens You are there, and if I make my bed in the depths, here You are'. These are the two expertises. So when he has both, he walks in the ways of teshuvah, and the right hand of Hashem is outstretched to receive his teshuvah. Understand this well, for these are very deep words.

Scene 11 · LM I:6 §13 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §13.1

וְעַל־פִּי־זֶה תָּבִין לְקַשֵּׁר הַתּוֹרָה הֵיטֵב, שֶׁמַּה שֶּׁכָּתַב בַּסּוֹף מֵעִנְיַן נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה וּנְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה שֶׁל הָאָלֶ"ף, זֶהוּ בְּעַצְמוֹ בְּחִינַת שְׁנֵי הַבְּקִיאוּת הַנַּ"ל, כִּי זֶה אֵינוֹ מְבֹאָר בְּפֵרוּשׁ בְּהַתּוֹרָה הַנַּ"ל, רַק עַל־פִּי כַּוָּנוֹת הַנַּ"ל מוּבָן זֹאת מִמֵּילָא לַמַּשְׂכִּיל,

EN (our paraphrase): With this you can tie the Torah together well. What it says at the end about the upper and lower points of the aleph is itself the two expertises. This is not stated openly in the Torah, but from the kavanos the wise will understand it by themselves.

Scene 12 · LM I:6 §13 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §13.2

וְזֶהוּ בְּעַצְמוֹ בְּחִינַת תְּשׁוּבָה עַל תְּשׁוּבָה שֶׁכָּתַב שָׁם, כִּי זְבִיחַת הַיֵּצֶר הָרָע, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת דֹּם לַה', שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת תְּשׁוּבָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת כְּבוֹד עוֹלָם הַזֶּה, זֶה בְּחִינַת נְקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה, שֶׁנַּעֲשֵׂית מִבְּחִינַת הַדְּמִימָה וְהַשְּׁתִיקָה, מִבְּחִינַת דֹּם לַה'. וְכָל זֶה הוּא בְּחִינַת חִירִיק דְס"ג וְכוּ', שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב כַּנַּ"ל.

EN (our paraphrase): And this itself is the 'teshuvah upon teshuvah' it speaks of. Slaughtering the evil inclination, 'be still before Hashem', the first teshuvah, the honour of this world, is the lower point, made from stillness and silence. And all this is the chirik of Sag, expert in returning.

Scene 13 · LM I:6 §13 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §13.3, §13.4

וּתְשׁוּבָה הַשְּׁנִיָּה, שֶׁעוֹשֶׂה עַל תְּשׁוּבָתוֹ הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת כְּבוֹד הָעוֹלָם הַבָּא, בְּחִינַת: כְּבוֹד אֱלֹקִים הַסְתֵּר דָּבָר; זֶה בְּחִינַת נְקֻדָּה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה, בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת משֶׁה, בְּחִינַת סֶגּוֹל וְכוּ'. וְהָבֵן הַדְּבָרִים הֵיטֵב, אֵיךְ כָּל הַדְּבָרִים הַנֶּאֱמָרִים שָׁם בְּהַתּוֹרָה הַנַּ"ל, נִקְשָׁרִים וְנִכְלָלִים אַחַר־כָּךְ בְּיַחַד בְּקֶשֶׁר נִפְלָא וְנוֹרָא, וְהַמַּשְׂכִּילִים יָבִינוּ קְצָת:

EN (our paraphrase): And the second teshuvah, done for the first, the honour of the World to Come, 'the honour of Elokim is to conceal a matter', is the upper point, keter, Moshe, the segol. Understand well how everything said in that Torah ties together afterwards, in a wondrous and awesome bond; the wise will understand a little.

Part 10 — Every Jew Is a Crown for Hashem

Scene 2 · LM I:6 §14 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §14.1

וְעִקַּר הַדָּבָר – שֶׁעַל יְדֵי שֶׁהָאָדָם, כְּשֶׁהוּא בַּמַּדְרֵגָה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה מְאֹד, וְאַף־עַל־פִּי־כֵן הוּא מְחַזֵּק עַצְמוֹ וּמַאֲמִין שֶׁגַּם שָׁם יֵשׁ לוֹ תִּקְוָה עֲדַיִן, כִּי גַּם שָׁם נִמְצָא הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ, בִּבְחִינַת: וְאַצִּיעָה שְׁאוֹל הִנֶּךָּ, אֲזַי מַמְשִׁיךְ עַל עַצְמוֹ הַקְּדֻשָּׁה מִשֵּׁם הַקָּדוֹשׁ הֲוָיָה בְּמִלּוּי ס"ג, שֶׁהוּא מְחַיֶּה אֶת כָּל הַנְּסוֹגִים אָחוֹר מִקְּדֻשָּׁתוֹ לְהַחֲזִיקָם לְבַל יִפְּלוּ לְגַמְרֵי, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם.

EN (our paraphrase): The main point is this. When a person is on a very low level, and still strengthens himself and believes that even there he has hope, for Hashem is found there too, 'if I make my bed in the depths, here You are', then he draws upon himself holiness from the holy Name Havayah spelled out as Sag, which gives life to all who have slipped back from holiness, holding them so they do not fall completely, Heaven forbid.

Scene 3 · LM I:6 §14 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §14.1

וְזֶה בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב – שֶׁזֶּה הַבְּקִיאוּת הוּא בְּחִינַת שֵׁם יב"ק הַקָּדוֹשׁ, בְּחִינַת שֵׁם ס"ג.

EN (our paraphrase): And this is expert in returning: this expertise is the holy Name Yabok, the Name Sag.

Scene 4 · LM I:6 §14 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §14.2

וְכֵן כְּשֶׁאָדָם זוֹכֶה לָבוֹא לְאֵיזוֹ מַדְרֵגָה בַּקְּדֻשָּׁה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה, וְאַף־עַל־ פִּי־כֵן אֵינוֹ עוֹמֵד שָׁם, וְהוּא מִתְחַזֵּק וּמִתְגַּבֵּר לַעֲלוֹת יוֹתֵר וְיוֹתֵר – אֲזַי מַמְשִׁיךְ הַקְּדֻשָּׁה עַל עַצְמוֹ מִשֵּׁם הַקָּדוֹשׁ אקי"ק בְּמִלּוּי קס"א, שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא.

EN (our paraphrase): And likewise, when a person reaches some level of high holiness and yet does not stand still there, but strengthens himself to climb higher and higher, he draws holiness upon himself from the holy Name Ekyeh spelled out as Kasa; and this is expert in running.

Scene 5 · LM I:6 §14 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §14.3

כִּי הָאָדָם, כְּפִי תְּנוּעוֹתָיו וּכְפִי הִתְחַזְּקוּתוֹ בָּעֲבוֹדָתוֹ יִתְבָּרַךְ, כֵּן גּוֹרֵם לְיַחֵד הַשֵּׁמוֹת לְמַעְלָה, וּמַמְשִׁיךְ עַל עַצְמוֹ הַקְּדֻשָּׁה מִשָּׁם, וְהָבֵן הֵיטֵב:

EN (our paraphrase): For a person, according to his movements and the way he strengthens himself in serving Hashem, causes the Names above to unite, and draws holiness upon himself from there. Understand this well.

Scene 7 · LM I:6 §15 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §15.1

וְהִנֵּה מְבֹאָר לְעֵיל, שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי הַדְּמִימָה וְהַשְּׁתִיקָה, שֶׁשּׁוֹתְקִין לַחֲבֵרוֹ כְּשֶׁמְּבַזִּין אוֹתוֹ, עַל־יְדֵי־זֶה זוֹכֶה לִתְשׁוּבָה, שֶׁהִיא בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר כַּנַּ"ל, עַיֵּן שָׁם, כִּי סְיָג לַחָכְמָה שְׁתִיקָה כַּנַּ"ל, כִּי צְרִיכִין לִזָּהֵר מְאֹד לָדוּן אֶת כָּל אָדָם לְכַף זְכוּת, וַאֲפִלּוּ הַחוֹלְקִים עָלָיו וּמְבַזִּין אוֹתוֹ, צָרִיךְ לְדוּנָם לְכַף זְכוּת וְלִשְׁתֹּק לָהֶם, וְעַל־יְדֵי־ זֶה נַעֲשֶׂה בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר,

EN (our paraphrase): It was explained above that through stillness and silence, staying silent toward one's fellow when he insults him, a person earns teshuvah, which is keter, for a fence for wisdom is silence. For one must be very careful to judge every person favourably. Even those who argue with him and insult him, he must judge favourably and be silent toward them; and through this, keter is made,

Scene 8 · Midrash Vayikra Rabbah, as quoted in LM I:6 · paragraph §15.2, §15.3

כַּמּוּבָא בַּמִּדְרָשׁ: מָשָׁל לְאֶחָד, שֶׁמָּצָא אֶת חֲבֵרוֹ שֶׁהוּא עוֹשֶׂה כֶּתֶר. אָמַר לוֹ: בִּשְׁבִיל מִי, אָמַר לוֹ: בִּשְׁבִיל הַמֶּלֶךְ. אָמַר לוֹ: כֵּיוָן שֶׁהוּא לְצֹרֶךְ הַמֶּלֶךְ, כָּל אֶבֶן טוֹב שֶׁתִּמְצָא תִּקְבָּעֶנּוּ בּוֹ,

EN (our paraphrase): As the Midrash brings: a parable of one who found his friend making a crown. He asked him: for whom? He said: for the king. He said to him: since it is for the king, set into it every precious stone you find.

Scene 9 · LM I:6 §15 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §15.4

כָּךְ כָּל אֶחָד מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל הוּא בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר לְהַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ, וְצָרִיךְ לְהַכְנִיס בּוֹ כָּל מִין אֲבָנִים טוֹבוֹת שֶׁאֶפְשָׁר לִמְצֹא, דְּהַיְנוּ שֶׁצְּרִיכִין לְהִשְׁתַּדֵּל לְחַפֵּשׂ וּלְבַקֵּשׁ אַחַר כָּל צַד זְכוּת וְדָבָר טוֹב שֶׁאֶפְשָׁר לִמְצֹא בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל, וְלָדוּן אֶת הַכֹּל לְכַף זְכוּת, כִּי הֵם בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר לְהַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ כַּנַּ"ל, וְכְמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה: הֱוֵי דָּן אֶת כָּל אָדָם לְכַף זְכוּת.

EN (our paraphrase): So every Jew is a crown for Hashem, and one must set into him every kind of precious stone that can be found. That is, one must try to search out every side of merit and every good thing that can be found in a Jew, and judge everyone favourably, for they are a crown for Hashem; as our Sages said: judge every person favourably.

Scene 10 · LM I:6 §15 (Reb Noson's note) · paragraph §15.5

נִמְצָא, שֶׁעַל יְדֵי שֶׁדָּנִים אֶת הַכֹּל לְכַף זְכוּת, שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי־זֶה שׁוֹתְקִין לוֹ כְּשֶׁמְּבַזֶּה אוֹתוֹ, כִּי מוֹצְאִין בּוֹ זְכוּת, שֶׁאֵינוֹ חַיָּב כָּל כָּךְ בַּמֶּה שֶּׁמְּבַזֶּה אוֹתוֹ, כִּי לְפִי דַּעְתּוֹ וּסְבָרָתוֹ נִדְמֶה לוֹ שֶׁרָאוּי לוֹ לְבַזּוֹת אוֹתוֹ וְכוּ', עַל־יְדֵי זֶה נַעֲשֶׂה בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר, הַיְנוּ כַּנַּ"ל, שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי הַדְּמִימָה וְהַשְּׁתִיקָה נַעֲשֶׂה בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר כַּנַּ"ל, וְהָבֵן:

EN (our paraphrase): So by judging everyone favourably, he stays silent when someone insults him, because he finds merit in him: the other is not so guilty for insulting him, since by his own mind and reasoning it seems right to him to do it. Through this keter is made; as above, through stillness and silence keter is made. Understand this.

Hebrew phrases in the Explainer

Scene 2 · §1.2: כִּי מִי שֶׁרוֹדֵף אַחַר הַכָּבוֹד אֵינוֹ זוֹכֶה לִכְבוֹד אֱלֹקִים, אֶלָּא לְכָבוֹד שֶׁל מְלָכִים,

Scene 3 · §1.3: אֲבָל מִי שֶׁבּוֹרֵחַ מִן הַכָּבוֹד,

Scene 4 · §2.1: וְעִקַּר הַתְּשׁוּבָה – כְּשֶׁיִּשְׁמַע בִּזְיוֹנוֹ יִדֹּם וְיִשְׁתֹּק,

Scene 5 · §2.4: כִּי כֶּתֶר לְשׁוֹן הַמְתָּנָה,

Scene 6 · §2.5: כִּי עֲדַיִן הַדָּם שֶׁבֶּחָלָל הַשְּׂמָאלִי שֶׁבַּלֵּב,

Scene 7 · §2.6: וְתִקּוּן לָזֶה – שֶׁיַּהֲפֹךְ דַּם לְדֹם,

Scene 8 · §3.1: וְצָרִיךְ לֶאֱחֹז תָּמִיד בְּמִדַּת הַתְּשׁוּבָה,

Scene 9 · §3.4: כִּי מִתְּחִלָּה, כְּשֶׁעָשָׂה תְּשׁוּבָה, עָשָׂה לְפִי הַשָּׂגָתוֹ,

Scene 10 · §3.5: וְזֶה בְּחִינַת עוֹלָם הַבָּא, שֶׁיִּהְיֶה כֻּלּוֹ שַׁבָּת,

Scene 11 · §4.1: וְצָרִיךְ לִהְיוֹת לוֹ שְׁנֵי בְּקִיאוּת, הַיְנוּ בָּקִי בְּרָצוֹא, בָּקִי בְּשׁוֹב,

Scene 12 · §5.1: וְזֶה בְּחִינַת הַנְּקֻדָּה הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה שֶׁל תְּמוּנַת א.

Scene 13 · §5.4: וְזֶה אוֹתִיּוֹת אָדָם, אָלֶ"ף דֹּם,

Scene 14 · §5.9: כִּי תְּשׁוּבָה צָרִיךְ לִהְיוֹת בְּשָׁלֹשׁ תְּנָאִים,

Scene 15 · §6.5: וְשׁוֹמְעִים חֶרְפָּתָן וְאֵינָם מְשִׁיבִים.

Scene 16 · §7.5: שְׁלֹשָׁה דְּבָרִים שֶׁנִּצְטַוּוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל,

Scene 17 · §8.4: וַאֲצַוֶּנּוּ – כִּי משֶׁה הָיָה צָרִיךְ אָז לִמְסֹר הַכֹּל לִיהוֹשֻׁעַ,

Scene 18 · §11.3: גַּם כֵּן אַל יִתְיָאֵשׁ עַצְמוֹ לְעוֹלָם,

Scene 19 · §12.1: כִּי בָּקִי הוּא בְּחִינַת שֵׁם יב"ק הַנַּ"ל, שֶׁהוּא אוֹתִיּוֹת בָּקִי,

Scene 20 · §14.3: כִּי הָאָדָם, כְּפִי תְּנוּעוֹתָיו וּכְפִי הִתְחַזְּקוּתוֹ בָּעֲבוֹדָתוֹ יִתְבָּרַךְ, כֵּן גּוֹרֵם לְיַחֵד הַשֵּׁמוֹת לְמַעְלָה,

Scene 21 · §15.4: כָּךְ כָּל אֶחָד מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל הוּא בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר לְהַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ,

Hebrew phrases in the 1-minute recap

Scene 2 · §1.3: אֲבָל מִי שֶׁבּוֹרֵחַ מִן הַכָּבוֹד,

Scene 3 · §2.1: וְעִקַּר הַתְּשׁוּבָה – כְּשֶׁיִּשְׁמַע בִּזְיוֹנוֹ יִדֹּם וְיִשְׁתֹּק,

Scene 4 · §2.6: וְתִקּוּן לָזֶה – שֶׁיַּהֲפֹךְ דַּם לְדֹם,

Scene 5 · §3.3: נִמְצָא, שֶׁצָּרִיךְ לַעֲשׂוֹת תְּשׁוּבָה עַל הַתְּשׁוּבָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה,

Scene 6 · §15.4: כָּךְ כָּל אֶחָד מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל הוּא בְּחִינַת כֶּתֶר לְהַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ,

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